1
De 2:1-37.
繁體中文
英文原文
De 2:1-37.
THE STORY IS CONTINUED.
1. Then we turned, and took our journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red Sea--After their unsuccessful attack upon the Canaanites, the Israelites broke up their encampment at Kadesh, and journeying southward over the west desert of Tih as well as through the great valley of the Ghor and Arabah, they extended their removals as far as the gulf of Akaba.
we compassed mount Seir many days--In these few words Moses comprised the whole of that wandering nomadic life through which they passed during thirty-eight years, shifting from place to place, and regulating their stations by the prospect of pasturage and water. Within the interval they went northward a second time to Kadesh, but being refused a passage through Edom and opposed by the Canaanites and Amalekites, they again had no alternative but to traverse once more the great Arabah southwards to the Red Sea, where turning to the left and crossing the long, lofty mountain chain to the eastward of Ezion-geber
(Nu 21:4, 5),
they issued into the great and elevated plains, which are still traversed by the Syrian pilgrims in their way to Mecca. They appear to have followed northward nearly the same route, which is now taken by the Syrian hadji, along the western skirts of this great desert, near the mountains of Edom [ROBINSON]. It was on entering these plains they received the command, "Ye have compassed this mountain (this hilly tract, now Jebel Shera) long enough, turn ye northward"
[De 2:3].
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繁體中文
4. 住西珥的以掃子孫……必懼怕你們——這同一民族曾傲慢地拒絕以色列人從西界接近，如今見以色列人繞到他們國土的薄弱一面，反倒驚慌了。
英文原文
4. the children of Esau, which dwell in Seir . . . shall be afraid of you--The same people who had haughtily repelled the approach of the Israelites from the western frontier were alarmed now that they had come round upon the weak side of their country.
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5-7. 不可惹他們——即"住西珥的"
(申 2:4)
——因為以掃的後裔另有一支，即亞瑪力人，是要與之爭戰、予以剿滅的
(創 36:12; 出 17:14; 申 25:17)。
但以東民不得在人身或財產上受損害。雖然像以色列人這樣龐大的遊牧群體接近，自然會引發恐慌，但他們卻不可利用普遍的恐懼強迫以東人接受他們所提出的任何條件。他們只是要"經過"或沿著其邊界通行，並付錢向他們購買食物和水
(申 2:6)。
以東民比他們的王更厚道，確實在他們沿邊界通行時賣給他們餅、肉、水果和水
(申 2:29)，
正如現今麥加的敘利亞商隊由同一山地的居民供應——他們在朝覲路上像在集市一樣迎接朝覲者〔ROBINSON〕。雖然以色列人仍天天享用嗎哪的供應，但只要有機會，並不禁止他們吃其他食物。只是他們不可對此懷有過度的貪慾。水是那些地方的稀缺物資，旅人常常需要付錢購買。以色列人更有義務如此行，因為蒙神賜福，他們有充足的財力購買；而神對他們長久以來持續不變的厚恩經歷，當使他們對神生發信心，從而壓制一切以欺詐或暴力滿足己欲的念頭。
英文原文
5-7. Meddle not with them--that is, "which dwell in Seir"
(De 2:4)
--for there was another branch of Esau's posterity, namely, the Amalekites, who were to be fought against and destroyed
(Ge 36:12; Ex 17:14; De 25:17).
But the people of Edom were not to be injured, either in their persons or property. And although the approach of so vast a nomadic horde as the Israelites naturally created apprehension, they were to take no advantage of the prevailing terror to compel the Edomites to accept whatever terms they imposed. They were merely to pass "through" or along their border, and to buy meat and water of them for money
(De 2:6).
The people, kinder than their king, did sell them bread, meat, fruits, and water in their passage along their border
(De 2:29),
in the same manner as the Syrian caravan of Mecca is now supplied by the people of the same mountains, who meet the pilgrims as at a fair or market on the hadji route [ROBINSON]. Although the Israelites still enjoyed a daily supply of the manna, there was no prohibition against their eating other food when opportunity afforded. Only they were not to cherish an inordinate desire for it. Water is a scarce commodity and is often paid for by travellers in those parts. It was the more incumbent on the Israelites to do so, as, by the blessing of God, they possessed plenty of means to purchase, and the long-continued experience of the extraordinary goodness of God to them, should inspire such confidence in Him as would suppress the smallest thought of resorting to fraud or violence in supplying their wants.
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8-18. 我們……從亞拉巴的路走過——亞拉巴即大谷，從以拉他（"樹木"）（希臘羅馬人稱之為 Ailah）起。其遺址以大堆瓦礫為記。
以旬迦別——即今之阿卡巴（Akaba），兩地都在以東境內；以色列人繞行其東南邊界之後，到達鹽海東南的摩押邊界。他們曾奉神命不可侵擾摩押人；這特別的尊榮臨到那民，並非因他們自己的緣故——因為他們極為邪惡——而是因他們是羅得的後裔。
(參 申 23:3)。
他們的疆域包括亞嫩河南面、以及部分北面的肥美之地。他們是憑武力從原住民以米人手中奪得的——以米人是一個如其名所示、以體格和身材可畏的種族
(創 14:5)，
正如以東人是藉著傾覆西珥原住民何利人而得名
(創 14:6)——
何利人是穴居者，即住在洞穴中的人。摩西引述這些事，為要鼓勵同胞相信神更必使他們能趕出邪惡可咒詛的迦南人。那時，摩押人因西宏的侵佔而失去了大部分產業，只剩下撒烈溪與亞嫩溪之間一小塊卻肥沃的地帶。
英文原文
8-18. we passed . . . through the way of the plain--the Arabah or great valley, from Elath ("trees") (the Ailah of the Greeks and Romans). The site of it is marked by extensive mounds of rubbish.
Ezion-geber--now Akaba, both were within the territory of Edom; and after making a circuit of its southeastern boundary, the Israelites reached the border of Moab on the southeast of the Salt Sea. They had been forbidden by divine command to molest the Moabites in any way; and this special honor was conferred on that people not on their own account, for they were very wicked, but in virtue of their descent from Lot. (See on
De 23:3).
Their territory comprised the fine country on the south, and partly on the north of the Arnon. They had won it by their arms from the original inhabitants, the Emims, a race, terrible, as their name imports, for physical power and stature
(Ge 14:5),
in like manner as the Edomites had obtained their settlement by the overthrow of the original occupiers of Seir, the Horims
(Ge 14:6),
who were troglodytes, or dwellers in caves. Moses alluded to these circumstances to encourage his countrymen to believe that God would much more enable them to expel the wicked and accursed Canaanites. At that time, however, the Moabites, having lost the greater part of their possessions through the usurpations of Sihon, were reduced to the small but fertile region between the Zered and the Arnon.
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繁體中文
13. 現在起來，過撒烈溪——摩押的南界撒烈（"多樹木的"），即今之 Wady Ahsy，將現代的 Kerak 區與 Jebal 區分開，實際上構成南北之間的天然分界。亞珥——後稱拉巴——是摩押的京城，位於亞嫩溪以南二十五英里、一條小而有蔭的溪流 Beni Hamed 的岸邊。此處提及它，是作為其所屬鄉土的代表——那是一片富饒而耕作良好的鄉土，從眾多城邑的廢墟以及田間仍可見的耕作痕跡便可看出。
英文原文
13. Now rise up, and get you over the brook Zered--The southern border of Moab, Zered ("woody"), now Wady Ahsy, separates the modern district of Kerak from Jebal, and, indeed, forms a natural division of the country between the north and south. Ar, called in later times Rabbah, was the capital of Moab and situated twenty-five miles south of the Arnon on the banks of a small but shady stream, the Beni Hamed. It is here mentioned as representative of the country dependent on it, a rich and well-cultivated country, as appears from the numerous ruins of cities, as well as from the traces of tillage still visible on the fields.
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16. 眾戰士都死亡、滅盡了——加低斯因探子謊報而引發的叛亂，是那致命判決的緣由——神借此判決命定整個成年人口死於曠野
[民 14:29]；
但那次叛亂只是使他們的罪惡滿盈。因為那一代人雖未普遍奉行異教和拜偶像之舉，卻在曠野中始終顯露出可畏的不敬虔——這段歷史只是隱約提及，但在別處明確斷言
(結 20:25, 26; 摩 5:25, 27; 徒 7:42, 43)。
英文原文
16. all the men of war were consumed and dead from among the people--The outbreak at Kadesh on the false report of the spies had been the occasion of the fatal decree by which God doomed the whole grown-up population to die in the wilderness
[Nu 14:29];
but that outbreak only filled up the measure of their iniquities. For that generation, though not universally abandoned to heathenish and idolatrous practices, yet had all along displayed a fearful amount of ungodliness in the desert, which this history only hints at obscurely, but which is expressly asserted elsewhere
(Eze 20:25, 26; Am 5:25, 27; Ac 7:42, 43).
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19-37. 你接近亞捫人的地界時，不可擾害他們，也不可與他們爭競——亞捫人既是摩押人的親族，因顧念他們共同先祖的緣故，以色列人不可侵擾他們。這民的疆域原在摩押之北，延伸至雅博溪——是從好幾個迦南小部族手中奪來的，即散送冥——如其名所示，是一群橫行霸道、狂妄自大的巨人；以及亞衛人——從哈洗錄（El Hudhera）直到亞撒（加沙）一帶的原住民，但他們已被從迦斐托（下埃及）出來、定居於巴勒斯坦西海岸的迦斐托人（非利士人）所驅逐。亞捫人的疆界如今已被壓縮，但他們仍佔有雅博溪以外的山區
(書 11:2)。
這四節括號的經文，給了我們何等奇妙的巴勒斯坦早期歷史的洞見！多少次征服之戰曾橫掃那早期的局面——在這段歷史所記事件之前許久，迦南部族之間已發生了多少朝代的更替！
英文原文
19-37. when thou comest nigh over against the children of Ammon, distress them not, nor meddle with them--The Ammonites, being kindred to the Moabites, were, from regard to the memory of their common ancestor, to remain undisturbed by the Israelites. The territory of this people had been directly north from that of Moab. It extended as far as the Jabbok, having been taken by them from a number of small Canaanitish tribes, namely, the Zamzummins, a bullying, presumptuous band of giants, as their name indicates; and the Avims, the aborigines of the district extending from Hazerim or Hazeroth (El Hudhera) even unto Azzah (Gaza), but of which they had been dispossessed by the Caphtorim (Philistines), who came out of Caphtor (Lower Egypt) and settled in the western coast of Palestine. The limits of the Ammonites were now compressed; but they still possessed the mountainous region beyond the Jabbok
(Jos 11:2).
What a strange insight does this parenthesis of four verses give into the early history of Palestine! How many successive wars of conquest had swept over its early state--what changes of dynasty among the Canaanitish tribes had taken place long prior to the transactions recorded in this history!
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24-36. 你們起來……過亞嫩溪——這溪在入海口處寬八十二英尺、深四英尺。河水在兩岸為垂直砂岩峭壁的河道中奔流。在以色列人遷往約旦河東之時，亞嫩溪與雅博溪之間的那片肥美鄉土——包括基列的山區——已被亞摩利人奪取；亞摩利人既是命定滅亡的民之一
(參 申 7:2; 20:16)，
便被徹底滅絕。其地因征服之權而落入以色列人之手。然而摩西視這滅亡之命僅指約旦河西的亞摩利人產業，便差人送和平信息給西宏，請求允准穿過其位於約旦河東的疆域。差人先行鋪路本是慣例；但西宏拒絕摩西的請求、又出兵阻擋以色列人的前進
(民 21:23; 士 11:26)，
便使自己和亞摩利臣民在與迦南人的首次正式交戰中招致了所預言的厄運。這一勝利不僅使以色列獲得了一片美好而宜牧的國土，更為重要的是使他們在約旦河東有了自由通往約旦河的通道。
英文原文
24-36. Rise ye up . . . and pass over the river Arnon--At its mouth, this stream is eighty-two feet wide and four deep. It flows in a channel banked by perpendicular cliffs of sandstone. At the date of the Israelitish migration to the east of the Jordan, the whole of the fine country lying between the Arnon and the Jabbok including the mountainous tract of Gilead, had been seized by the Amorites, who, being one of the nations doomed to destruction (see
De 7:2; 20:16),
were utterly exterminated. Their country fell by right of conquest into the hands of the Israelites. Moses, however, considering this doom as referring solely to the Amorite possessions west of Jordan, sent a pacific message to Sihon, requesting permission to go through his territories, which lay on the east of that river. It is always customary to send messengers before to prepare the way; but the rejection of Moses' request by Sihon and his opposition to the advance of the Israelites
(Nu 21:23; Jud 11:26)
drew down on himself and his Amorite subjects the predicted doom on the first pitched battlefield with the Canaanites. It secured to Israel not only the possession of a fine and pastoral country, but, what was of more importance to them, a free access to the Jordan on the east.
申 2:1-37.
歷史續述。
1. 此後我們轉回，從紅海的路往曠野去——以色列人攻打迦南人失敗之後，拆散了在加低斯的營盤，向南經過提幔（Tih）的西曠野以及約旦河谷（Ghor）和亞拉巴大谷，他們的遷移遠及阿卡巴（Akaba）灣。
我們繞行西珥山許多日子——摩西在這寥寥數語中，概括了他們三十年間所經歷的全部漂泊遊牧生活，從一處遷到另一處，按著牧草和水源的前景決定駐紮之地。其間他們第二次北行到加低斯，但因被以東拒絕通行、又遭迦南人和亞瑪力人阻擋，別無選擇，只能再次向南穿越亞拉巴大谷到紅海；在那裡左轉，越過以旬迦別以東那條綿長高峻的山脈
(民 21:4, 5)，
進入了廣闊而高聳的平原，至今仍為前往麥加的敘利亞朝聖者所經行。他們似乎北行時幾乎循著同一條路線，也就是今日敘利亞朝覲者所走的路——沿著這片大曠野的西緣、靠近以東諸山〔ROBINSON〕。正是在進入這些平原時，他們領受了命令：「你們繞行這山（這片丘陵地，即今之 Jebel Shera）夠了，轉向北去」
[申 2:3]。