1
Ec 10:1-20.
繁體中文
英文原文
Ec 10:1-20.
1. Following up
Ec 9:18.
him that is in reputation--for example, David
(2Sa 12:14);
Solomon
(1Ki 11:1-43);
Jehoshaphat
(2Ch 18:1-34; 19:2);
Josiah
(2Ch 35:22).
The more delicate the perfume, the more easily spoiled is the ointment. Common oil is not so liable to injury. So the higher a man's religious character is, the more hurt is caused by a sinful folly in him. Bad savor is endurable in oil, but not in what professes to be, and is compounded by the perfumer ("apothecary") for, fragrance. "Flies" answer to "a little folly" (sin), appropriately, being small
(1Co 5:6);
also, "Beelzebub" means prince of flies. "Ointment" answers to "reputation"
(Ec 7:1; Ge 34:30).
The verbs are singular, the noun plural, implying that each of the flies causes the stinking savor.
2
無標題
繁體中文
2.
(Ec 2:14)。
*右*——右手比左手更熟練。敬虔的智者比愚昧的罪人更謹慎自守，雖然有時也會失腳。有瑕疵的鑽石，仍勝過無瑕的卵石。
英文原文
2.
(Ec 2:14).
right--The right hand is more expert than the left. The godly wise is more on his guard than the foolish sinner, though at times he slip. Better a diamond with a flaw, than a pebble without one.
3
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繁體中文
3. 路上*——指日常的行事*，最簡單的動作
(Pr 6:12-14)。
他「說」，即實際上顯出「他」自己等等[七十士譯本]。但武加大譯本作：「他以爲凡（他所遇的別人）都是愚昧人。」
英文原文
3. by the way--in his ordinary course; in his simplest acts
(Pr 6:12-14).
That he "saith," virtually, "that he" himself, &c. [Septuagint]. But Vulgate, "He thinks that every one (else whom he meets) is a fool."
4
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繁體中文
*4. 靈*——指怒氣。
*柔和能免*——
(Pr 15:1)。
這解釋了「不要離開你的本位」；不要懷着對抗之心從你的職守上退去
(Ec 8:3)。
英文原文
4. spirit--anger.
yielding pacifieth--
(Pr 15:1).
This explains "leave not thy place"; do not in a resisting spirit withdraw from thy post of duty
(Ec 8:3).
5
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繁體中文
*5. 見*——宜譯作「因一項錯誤」[MAURER 與 HOLDEN]。
英文原文
5. as--rather, "by reason of an error" [MAURER and HOLDEN].
6
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繁體中文
6. 富足人*——不是單指財富，而是智慧*上的富足，正如與「愚妄」（指「愚昧人」）的對舉所示。希伯來文「富足」在好的意義上與「寬宏」相當
(Isa 32:5)。
末底改與哈曼
(Es 3:1, 2；6:6-11)。
英文原文
6. rich--not in mere wealth, but in wisdom, as the antithesis to "folly" (for "foolish men") shows. So Hebrew, rich, equivalent to "liberal," in a good sense
(Isa 32:5).
Mordecai and Haman
(Es 3:1, 2; 6:6-11).
7
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繁體中文
7. 僕人騎馬*——無價值之人被擢升至尊位*
(Jer 17:25)；
反之亦然
(2Sa 15:30)。
英文原文
7. servants upon horses--the worthless exalted to dignity
(Jer 17:25);
and vice versa
(2Sa 15:30).
8
無標題
繁體中文
8. 君王行此不智之策必致致命後果；他們苦待別人，報應反落在自己身上
(Ec 8:9)；
他們陷入自己爲別人所掘的坑中
(Es 7:10； Ps 7:15； Pr 26:27)。
他們拆毀自己寶座周圍智慧的藩籬，便自受其害；正如有人惡意拆毀鄰舍花園的石牆，卻被藏在石中的蛇所咬
(Ps 80:12)，
(Am 5:19)。
英文原文
8. The fatal results to kings of such an unwise policy; the wrong done to others recoils on themselves
(Ec 8:9);
they fall into the pit which they dug for others
(Es 7:10; Ps 7:15; Pr 26:27).
Breaking through the wise fences of their throne, they suffer unexpectedly themselves; as when one is stung by a serpent lurking in the stones of his neighbor's garden wall
(Ps 80:12),
which he maliciously pulls down
(Am 5:19).
9
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繁體中文
9. 挪移石頭*——指古建築的石頭[WEISS]；他鄰舍的地界[HOLDEN]；從石礦中鑿出*[MAURER]。
*危險*——被碎片，或被斧頭反彈擊中自己。東方多有簡練的格言。其意爲：違背真智慧者，報應必歸己身。
英文原文
9. removeth stones--namely, of an ancient building [WEISS]. His neighbor's landmarks [HOLDEN]. Cuts out from the quarry [MAURER].
endangered--by the splinters, or by the head of the hatchet, flying back on himself. Pithy aphorisms are common in the East. The sense is: Violations of true wisdom recoil on the perpetrators.
10
無標題
繁體中文
*10. 鐵……鈍了*——指「劈木頭」
(Ec 10:9)，
對應「愚昧人立在高位」
(Ec 10:6)，
缺乏鋒利。兩種情形都需要用更大的力量；但「蠻力」若無判斷，反而「危及」自己。當譯作：「若有人把鐵器弄鈍了」[MAURER]。偏信急躁之謀士而不用審慎之謀士，以致凡事必須以蠻力推進，正是羅波安所受的「損害」
(1Ki 12:1-33)。
*智慧能助人成功*——使事有順遂的結局。不必以蠻「力」強推事情而自受其害
(Ec 9:16, 18)。
英文原文
10. iron . . . blunt--in "cleaving wood"
(Ec 10:9),
answering to the "fool set in dignity"
(Ec 10:6),
who wants sharpness. More force has then to be used in both cases; but "force" without judgment "endangers" one's self. Translate, "If one hath blunted his iron" [MAURER]. The preference of rash to judicious counsellors, which entailed the pushing of matters by force, proved to be the "hurt" of Rehoboam
(1Ki 12:1-33).
wisdom is profitable to direct--to a prosperous issue. Instead of forcing matters by main "strength" to one's own hurt
(Ec 9:16, 18).
11
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繁體中文
11. 若不施「咒語」，「蛇必咬人」；「而喋喋不休的讒毀者也不遑多讓」。所以，正如人可以藉咒語避開蛇
(Ps 58:4, 5)，
照樣，人也可以藉審慎避開讒毀者的毒刺
(Ec 10:12)
[HOLDEN]。這樣，「未施咒語」對應「不磨鋒刃」
(Ec 10:10)，
二者皆爲缺乏判斷的比喻。MAURER 譯作：「行法術者（邊注作『舌之主人』）從其法術無所得」，因爲蛇在他來不及施法之前便咬人；故須時刻謹慎。
Ec 10:8-10
論行事之謹慎；
Ec 10:11
及以下經文論言語之謹慎。
英文原文
11. A "serpent will bite" if "enchantment" is not used; "and a babbling calumniator is no better." Therefore, as one may escape a serpent by charms
(Ps 58:4, 5),
so one may escape the sting of a calumniator by discretion
(Ec 10:12),
[HOLDEN]. Thus, "without enchantment" answers to "not whet the edge"
(Ec 10:10),
both expressing, figuratively, want of judgment. MAURER translates, "There is no gain to the enchanter" (Margin, "master of the tongue") from his enchantments, because the serpent bites before he can use them; hence the need of continual caution.
Ec 10:8-10,
caution in acting;
Ec 10:11
and following verses, caution in speaking.
12
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繁體中文
*12. 恩言*——藉此他防備突然的傷害
(Ec 10:11)。
*吞滅自己*——
(Pr 10:8, 14, 21, 32；12:13；15:2；22:11)。
英文原文
12. gracious--Thereby he takes precaution against sudden injury
(Ec 10:11).
swallow up himself--
(Pr 10:8, 14, 21, 32; 12:13; 15:2; 22:11).
13
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繁體中文
13. 藉以說明愚昧人之言語的愚妄與爲害；即
Ec 10:12
的末句。
英文原文
13. Illustrating the folly and injuriousness of the fool's words; last clause of
Ec 10:12.
14
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繁體中文
*14. 多言多語*——
(Ec 5:2)。
*人不能知道將來……*——
(Ec 3:22；6:12；8:7；11:2； Pr 27:1)。
若人（普世，包括智慧人在內）都不能預見將來，愚昧人更不能；所以他的「多言」都是徒然。
英文原文
14. full of words--
(Ec 5:2).
a man cannot tell what shall be--
(Ec 3:22; 6:12; 8:7; 11:2; Pr 27:1).
If man, universally (including the wise man), cannot foresee the future, much less can the fool; his "many words" are therefore futile.
15
無標題
繁體中文
*15. 勞碌……疲乏*——
(Isa 55:2； Hab 2:13)。
*不知道怎樣進城*——諺語，喻指連最普通的事都茫然不知
(Ec 10:3)；
屬靈之意指天上的城
(Ps 107:7； Mt 7:13, 14)。
MAURER 將
Ec 10:15
與以下經文相連。因愚昧人（即有害之君王，
Ec 10:4-7)所引起的勞碌（煩擾），攪擾那「不知道怎樣進城」去逢迎他們的人。英文譯本較爲簡單。
英文原文
15. labour . . . wearieth--
(Isa 55:2; Hab 2:13).
knoweth not how to go to the city--proverb for ignorance of the most ordinary matters
(Ec 10:3);
spiritually, the heavenly city
(Ps 107:7; Mt 7:13, 14).
MAURER connects
Ec 10:15
with the following verses. The labor (vexation) caused by the foolish (injurious princes,
Ec 10:4-7)
harasses him who "knows not how to go to the city," to ingratiate himself with them there. English Version is simpler.
16
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繁體中文
16. 孩童*——耽於享樂；行事帶有孩童的輕浮。不是按年歲*而言；因爲一國在年輕君王治下也能享通，如約西亞。
*早晨宴樂*——早晨原是東方施行公義之時
(Jer 21:12)；
此處指沉溺於宴樂
(Isa 5:11； Ac 2:15)。
英文原文
16. a child--given to pleasures; behaves with childish levity. Not in years; for a nation may be happy under a young prince, as Josiah.
eat in the morning--the usual time for dispensing justice in the East
(Jer 21:12);
here, given to feasting
(Isa 5:11; Ac 2:15).
17
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繁體中文
*17. 貴胄之子*——不僅在血統上，更是在德行上，真正的貴胄
(So 7:1； Isa 32:5, 8)。
*合宜之時*——
(Ec 3:1)，
先盡了本分纔可。
*爲得力*——爲使身體復原，不是爲宴樂（已包含在「醉酒」中）。
英文原文
17. son of nobles--not merely in blood, but in virtue, the true nobility
(So 7:1; Isa 32:5, 8).
in due season--
(Ec 3:1),
not until duty has first been attended to.
for strength--to refresh the body, not for revelry (included in "drunkenness").
18
無標題
繁體中文
*18. 建造*——字面作「椽木的接連」，指國
(Ec 10:16； Isa 3:6； Am 9:11)。
*手*——
(Ec 4:5； Pr 6:10)。
*滴漏*——因不及時修繕屋頂，雨水便滲漏進來。
英文原文
18. building--literally, "the joining of the rafters," namely, the kingdom
(Ec 10:16; Isa 3:6; Am 9:11).
hands--
(Ec 4:5; Pr 6:10).
droppeth--By neglecting to repair the roof in time, the rain gets through.
19
無標題
繁體中文
19. 指
Ec 10:18。
君王們不修補國家的破口（即「建造」），反而「設擺筵席爲要發笑
(Ec 10:16)，
酒使他們生活快樂
(Ps 104:15)，
而（但是）金錢供給（滿足他們的願望）萬事」，即他們收受賄賂以維持他們的奢華；因此種種冤屈便發生
(Ec 10:5, 6；3:16； Isa 1:23；5:23)。
MAURER 將「萬事」解爲那些冤屈——君王因「金錢」所行的；例如重稅，正是羅波安失去十支派的緣由
(1Ki 12:4
等）。
英文原文
19. Referring to
Ec 10:18.
Instead of repairing the breaches in the commonwealth (equivalent to "building"), the princes "make a feast for laughter
(Ec 10:16),
and wine maketh their life glad
(Ps 104:15),
and (but) money supplieth (answereth their wishes by supplying) all things," that is, they take bribes to support their extravagance; and hence arise the wrongs that are perpetrated
(Ec 10:5, 6; 3:16; Isa 1:23; 5:23).
MAURER takes "all things" of the wrongs to which princes are instigated by "money"; for example, the heavy taxes, which were the occasion of Rehoboam losing ten tribes
(1Ki 12:4,
&c.).
20
無標題
繁體中文
*20. 意念*——字面作「自覺」。
*富足人*——指顯貴之人。這話用於知道「意念」的屬世君王，是比喻。但用於萬王之王卻完全字面地成立
(Ps 139:1-24)，
我們當時刻意識到祂對每一惡念的察覺。
*臥房*——最隱祕之處
(2Ki 6:12)。
*空中的鳥……*——諺語（參
Hab 2:11； Lu 19:40)；
以奇妙而迅速的方式，如同鳥或某種有翅膀的使者將咒詛的信息傳給君王。在東方，超人的智慧被歸之於鳥（參閱
Job 28:21；
故有此諺）。
英文原文
20. thought--literally, "consciousness."
rich--the great. The language, as applied to earthly princes knowing the "thought," is figurative. But it literally holds good of the King of kings
(Ps 139:1-24),
whose consciousness of every evil thought we should ever realize.
bed-chamber--the most secret place
(2Ki 6:12).
bird of the air, &c.--proverbial (compare
Hab 2:11; Lu 19:40);
in a way as marvellous and rapid, as if birds or some winged messenger carried to the king information of the curse so uttered. In the East superhuman sagacity was attributed to birds (see on
Job 28:21;
hence the proverb).
Ec 10:1-20。
1. 承接
Ec 9:18。
*有名譽之人*——例如大衛
(2Sa 12:14)；
所羅門
(1Ki 11:1-43)；
約沙法
(2Ch 18:1-34；19:2)；
約西亞
(2Ch 35:22)。
香料越精，膏油越易敗壞。尋常的油卻不易受損。所以人的宗教品格越高，他身上一時的罪愚所帶來的傷害也越大。難聞之氣在油中尚可忍受，但在那號稱要作香氣、且由調香師（「膏油匠」）精心調配之物中卻不能容忍。「死蒼蠅」正合「一點愚昧」（罪）之意，因爲其微小
(1Co 5:6)；
而且「別西卜」之意即爲蒼蠅之王。「膏油」則對應「名譽」
(Ec 7:1； Ge 34:30)。
動詞爲單數，名詞爲複數，暗示每一隻蒼蠅都發出腐臭之氣。