1
Ex 16:1-36.
简体中文
英文原文
Ex 16:1-36.
MURMURS FOR WANT OF BREAD.
1. they took their journey from Elim--where they had remained several days.
came unto the wilderness of Sin--It appears from
Nu 32:1-42,
that several stations are omitted in this historical notice of the journey. This passage represents the Israelites as advanced into the great plain, which, beginning near El-Murkah, extends with a greater or less breadth to almost the extremity of the peninsula. In its broadest part northward of Tur it is called El-Kaa, which is probably the desert of Sin [ROBINSON].
2
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简体中文
2. 以色列全会众……向摩西、亚伦发怨言——今日穿越西奈旷野的旅人,惯于备足人和牲畜四十天所需的粮秣。以色列人上路已逾一月,所带的粮食或其他食物已全部或将近耗尽;而在旷野中除了一些野橄榄和野蜜之外
(申 32:13), 再无取得生计的指望,于是便向领袖们发出大声的怨言。
英文原文
2. the whole congregation . . . murmured against Moses and Aaron--Modern travellers through the desert of Sinai are accustomed to take as much as is sufficient for the sustenance of men and beasts during forty days. The Israelites having been rather more than a month on their journey, their store of corn or other provisions was altogether or nearly exhausted; and there being no prospect of procuring any means of subsistence in the desert, except some wild olives and wild honey
(De 32:13),
loud complaints were made against the leaders.
3
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简体中文
3. 巴不得我们早死在耶和华的手下,在埃及地——对摩西和亚伦的指控是何等无理荒唐!对神是何等忘恩负义、不敬不虔!他们既已屡次经历神的智慧、良善和大能,我们读着他们刚硬不信的圣言记载,不禁惊奇驻足。但情绪在如此庞大的群众中是会传染的;旷野中有一种孤寂与沮丧之感,非人力之众所能驱散;况且我们必须记得,他们是只顾眼前的人——那时保惠师尚未赐下——他们缺乏一切可见的养生之资,与一切可见的安慰隔绝,只有眼不能见之神的应许可作为盼望的根基。尽管我们遗憾他们竟在旷野试探神,并承认他们如此行是犯罪,却不难明白:那些一生习惯凭眼见行事的人,在空前艰难困惑的处境中,要凭信心行事何等不易。岂不连我们,在更清楚启示的光中、在比摩西更尊贵的领袖之下,经过这世界的旷野时,也觉得凭信心行事为难吗?[FISK]。(见
林前 10:11, 12)。
英文原文
3. Would to God we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt--How unreasonable and absurd the charge against Moses and Aaron! how ungrateful and impious against God! After all their experience of the divine wisdom, goodness, and power, we pause and wonder over the sacred narrative of their hardness and unbelief. But the expression of feeling is contagious in so vast a multitude, and there is a feeling of solitude and despondency in the desert which numbers cannot dispel; and besides, we must remember that they were men engrossed with the present--that the Comforter was not then given--and that they were destitute of all visible means of sustenance and cut off from every visible comfort, with only the promises of an unseen God to look to as the ground of their hope. And though we may lament they should tempt God in the wilderness and freely admit their sin in so doing, we can be at no loss for a reason why those who had all their lives been accustomed to walk by sight should, in circumstances of unparalleled difficulty and perplexity, find it hard to walk by faith. Do not even we find it difficult to walk by faith through the wilderness of this world, though in the light of a clearer revelation, and under a nobler leader than Moses? [FISK]. (See
1Co 10:11, 12).
4
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简体中文
4. 耶和华对摩西说——这爆发虽直接针对人间的领袖,间接却是针对神:然而请看祂的忍耐,祂何等恩慈地应允要解除他们的困苦。
我将粮食从天降给你们——以色列乃是从上头来的教会之预表,既在天上的引导、治理和律法之下,他们的食物也是从天而来
(诗 78:24)。
我要试验他们遵不遵我的法度——他们被领入旷野的主要目的,是要在神亲自的眼目之下接受宗教的训练;所教的第一课,就是每日的饮食都要不断地倚靠神。
英文原文
4. Then said the Lord unto Moses--Though the outbreak was immediately against the human leaders, it was indirectly against God: yet mark His patience, and how graciously He promised to redress the grievance.
I will rain bread from heaven--Israel, a type of the Church which is from above, and being under the conduct, government, and laws of heaven, received their food from heaven also
(Ps 78:24).
that I may prove them, whether they will walk in my law, or no--The grand object of their being led into the wilderness was that they might receive a religious training directly under the eye of God; and the first lesson taught them was a constant dependence on God for their daily nourishment.
13
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简体中文
13-31. 到了晚上,有鹌鹑飞来,遮满了营——这种鸟属鸡禽类[即体重大多以陆地为栖息之所的鸟类的等次],像红鹧鸪,但不大于斑鸠。在某些季节,可在以色列人所经过的地方见到,它们是候鸟,大概是「耶和华使风」带来的,如同另一次一样
(民 11:31)。
到了早晨……有圆形的小东西……吗哪——在这沙漠地带,柽柳分泌出一种同名的树胶,为当地人所珍视,采集者小心翼翼地保存。它在清晨采集,在烈日下融化,在夜间寒冷中凝结。其味甜如蜜;有著名的旅行家从其白色、出现的时间和地点,推测它就是以色列人所食的吗哪:因此照某些人的看法,它是沙漠原产的产物;照另一些人的看法,则是一项神迹,不过这神迹只在于关于其供应的超自然安排。但更近期而精确的研究证明,这种tarfa树胶缺乏《圣经》吗哪的一切主要特征。它只少量渗出,且不是每年都有;它不能烤
(民 11:8)
或煮
(出 16:23)。
它虽可被热气蒸发,随后随露水落下,却是药物,不是食物——它是沙漠本地人所熟知的,而以色列人对那地却是客旅;且在味道、周五出现双倍、安息日没有、不生虫等方面,都与赐给以色列人的吗哪有本质的不同。
英文原文
13-31. at even the quails came up, and covered the camp--This bird is of the gallinaceous kind [that is, relating to the order of heavy-bodied, largely terrestrial birds], resembling the red partridge, but not larger than the turtledove. They are found in certain seasons in the places through which the Israelites passed, being migratory birds, and they were probably brought to the camp by "a wind from the Lord" as on another occasion
(Nu 11:31).
and in the morning . . . a small round thing . . . manna--There is a gum of the same name distilled in this desert region from the tamarisk, which is much prized by the natives, and preserved carefully by those who gather it. It is collected early in the morning, melts under the heat of the sun, and is congealed by the cold of night. In taste it is as sweet as honey, and has been supposed by distinguished travellers, from its whitish color, time, and place of its appearance, to be the manna on which the Israelites were fed: so that, according to the views of some, it was a production indigenous to the desert; according to others, there was a miracle, which consisted, however, only in the preternatural arrangements regarding its supply. But more recent and accurate examination has proved this gum of the tarfa-tree to be wanting in all the principal characteristics of the Scripture manna. It exudes only in small quantities, and not every year; it does not admit of being baked
(Nu 11:8)
or boiled
(Ex 16:23).
Though it may be exhaled by the heat and afterwards fall with the dew, it is a medicine, not food--it is well known to the natives of the desert, while the Israelites were strangers to theirs; and in taste as well as in the appearance of double quantity on Friday, none on Sabbath, and in not breeding worms, it is essentially different from the manna furnished to the Israelites.
32
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简体中文
32-36. 要将一满俄梅珥吗哪留到世世代代——如此众多的群众在旷野中四十年得蒙喂养,而那里任何食物都无从获取,这一事实本身就说明,他们绝不可能靠这种塔法胶(tarfa-gum)[详
出 16:13 的注释]
性质和数量的天然产物维生;似乎正是为了消除这一切毫无根据的猜测,亚伦奉命取一点放在罐里——金罐里
(来 9:4)
——存在法版前,留到后代,使他们可以看见耶和华在旷野中喂养他们列祖的食物。然而我们所拥有的,是那不过作为预表的真粮
(林前 10:3; 约 6:32)。
英文原文
32-36. Fill an omer of it to be kept for your generations--The mere fact of such a multitude being fed for forty years in the wilderness, where no food of any kind is to be obtained, will show the utter impossibility of their subsisting on a natural production of the kind and quantity as this tarfa-gum [see on
Ex 16:13];
and, as if for the purpose of removing all such groundless speculations, Aaron was commanded to put a sample of it in a pot--a golden pot
(Heb 9:4)
--to be laid before the Testimony, to be kept for future generations, that they might see the bread on which the Lord fed their fathers in the wilderness. But we have the bread of which that was merely typical
(1Co 10:3; Joh 6:32).
出埃及记 16:1-36.
因无 饼而 发怨言
1. 他们从以琳——他们在那里已经住了好几天。
到了汛的旷野——从
民 32:1-42
可以看出,这段旅程的历史记载省略了好几个站口。本段经文显示以色列人已进入那片大平原;这平原从埃尔·穆尔卡(El-Murkah)附近开始,以或宽或窄的幅度延伸,几乎直达半岛的尽头。在图尔(Tur)以北最宽之处,这平原称为埃尔·卡(El-Kaa),很可能就是汛的旷野[ROBINSON]。