1
Jos 7:1.
简体中文
英文原文
Jos 7:1.
ACHAN'S TRESPASS.
1. the children of Israel committed a trespass in the accursed thing--There was one transgressor against the cherem, or ban, on Jericho, and his transgression brought the guilt and disgrace of sin upon the whole nation.
Achan--called afterwards "Achar" ("trouble")
(1Ch 2:7).
Zabdi--or Zimri
(1Ch 2:6).
Zerah--or Zarah, son of Judah and Tamar
(Ge 38:30).
His genealogy is given probably to show that from a parentage so infamous the descendants would not be carefully trained in the fear of God.
2
Jos 7:2-26.
简体中文
约书亚记 7:2-26。
以色列人在艾城被击杀
2. 约书亚从耶利哥打发人往艾城去——耶利哥既已攻陷，下一步便是深入其上的山地。于是探子们沿着山隘上去窥探那地。艾城（即 Hai）的准确位置已相当清楚
(创 12:8；13:3)，
近来在一座孤立的土丘上被发现，当地人称之为帖勒哈甲（意为"石头之山"），在伯特利东偏南二英里、即三十五分钟路程之处〔范德维德〕。
伯亚文——（意为"虚妄之家"）——这是后来因伯特利（"神之家"）的偶像崇拜而轻蔑地加给它
(何 4:15；5:8；10:5)
的名字，但此处所指是另一个地方，在伯特利以东约六英里、艾城以北三英里处。
英文原文
Jos 7:2-26.
THE ISRAELITES SMITTEN AT AI.
2. Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai--After the sacking of Jericho, the next step was to penetrate into the hills above. Accordingly, spies went up the mountain pass to view the country. The precise site of Ai, or Hai, is indicated with sufficient clearness
(Ge 12:8; 13:3)
and has been recently discovered in an isolated tell, called by the natives Tell-el-Hajar, "the mount of stones," at two miles', or thirty-five minutes' distance, east southeast from Beth-el [VAN DE VELDE].
Beth-aven--("house of vanity")--a name afterwards given derisively
(Ho 4:15; 5:8; 10:5),
on account of its idolatries, to Beth-el, "house of God," but here referred to another place, about six miles east of Beth-el and three north of Ai.
3
無標題
简体中文
3. 你们不要众民都上去……因为他们不过稀少——艾城的人口多达一万二千人
(书 8:25)，
也算一座相当可观的城；只是探子们匆匆远观，它较之耶利哥便显得渺小；这可能正是他们只提议派一小支队伍前去攻取的原因。
英文原文
3. Let not all the people go up, . . . for they are but few--As the population of Ai amounted to twelve thousand
(Jos 8:25),
it was a considerable town; though in the hasty and distant reconnoitre made by the spies, it probably appeared small in comparison to Jericho; and this may have been the reason for their proposing so small a detachment to capture it.
4
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简体中文
4、5. 他们在艾城人面前逃跑——意外的抵抗，加上折损了三十六人，便在军中蔓延起一阵恐慌，终以一场可耻的溃败告终。
英文原文
4, 5. they fled before the men of Ai--An unexpected resistance, and the loss of thirty-six of their number diffused a panic, which ended in an ignominious rout.
5
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简体中文
5. 在城门前追赶他们，直到示巴琳——即直至隘口开口处的「破裂」或「裂罅」之处。
在下坡处击杀他们——即紧邻那道又深又险的旱溪的斜坡上。
因此百姓的心就消化如水——可见上阵的乃是一群乌合之众、未经操练的兵丁，其军事上的本领并不比贝都因阿拉伯人高明多少——后者一折损十来个人便灰心败逃。但以色列人之所以如此惊惶，另有一层原因——神显然不悦，撤去了他们素来满心倚靠的帮助。
英文原文
5. chased them from before the gate even unto Shebarim--that is, unto the "breakings" or "fissures" at the opening of the passes.
and smote them in the going down--that is, the declivity or slope of the deep, rugged, adjoining wady.
wherefore the hearts of the people melted, and became as water--It is evident that the troops engaged were a tumultuary, undisciplined band, no better skilled in military affairs than the Bedouin Arabs, who become disheartened and flee on the loss of ten or fifteen men. But the consternation of the Israelites arose from another cause--the evident displeasure of God, who withheld that aid on which they had confidently reckoned.
6
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简体中文
6-9. 约书亚撕裂衣服，他和长老……在约柜前俯伏在地——从这些自卑哀痛的举动可见，当日在举行一场严肃的禁食。许多人认为约书亚祷告的话语带着人性的软弱，缺少他对神所当有的敬畏与顺服。但这番话虽表面上似在放胆质问抱怨，实则是出自一颗深切谦卑忧伤之心的倾吐：他深信神既已奇异地领百姓过约旦河进入应许之地，断不会又要把他们灭绝，任凭得胜的仇敌肆意凌辱，以致自己的名因对百姓反复无常、薄待不仁，或无力抵抗仇敌而受辱。他虽不明眼前灾祸的缘由，却承认这是出于神的手。
英文原文
6-9. Joshua rent his clothes, and fell to the earth . . . before the ark . . . he and the elders--It is evident, from those tokens of humiliation and sorrow, that a solemn fast was observed on this occasion. The language of Joshua's prayer is thought by many to savor of human infirmity and to be wanting in that reverence and submission he owed to God. But, although apparently breathing a spirit of bold remonstrance and complaint, it was in reality the effusion of a deeply humbled and afflicted mind, expressing his belief that God could not, after having so miraculously brought His people over Jordan into the promised land, intend to destroy them, to expose them to the insults of their triumphant enemies, and bring reproach upon His own name for inconstancy or unkindness to His people, or inability to resist their enemies. Unable to understand the cause of the present calamity, he owned the hand of God.
10
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简体中文
10-15. 耶和华吩咐约书亚说：你起来——神谕的回答大意是：这危机并非因我不信实，而是因百姓犯罪。圣约的条件已被破坏——他们私存了当灭之物的掠物；在以色列中行了恶事，圣经特称之为愚妄
(诗 14:1)，
并且这罪还加上掩饰等种种加重情节，至今仍在继续。这百姓与迦南当灭的列国一样，同样当受毁灭
(申 7:26)。
必须立刻着手查明并惩办这罪行的主犯，好使以色列得以脱离当灭的灾祸，各样事情恢复先前的兴盛。
英文原文
10-15. the Lord said unto Joshua, Get thee up--The answer of the divine oracle was to this effect: the crisis is owing not to unfaithfulness in Me, but sin in the people. The conditions of the covenant have been violated by the reservation of spoil from the doomed city; wickedness, emphatically called folly, has been committed in Israel
(Ps 14:1),
and dissimulation, with other aggravations of the crime, continues to be practised. The people are liable to destruction equally with the accursed nations of Canaan
(De 7:26).
Means must, without delay, be taken to discover and punish the perpetrator of this trespass that Israel may be released from the ban, and things be restored to their former state of prosperity.
16
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简体中文
16-18. 于是约书亚清早起来，使以色列人按着支派近前来——即在会幕之前。既诉诸拈阄
(箴 16:33)，
他便从各支派的首领查到各宗族的首领，又从各家室逐一查到一家，再到那家中具体的人，直到查出罪犯是亚干；亚干在约书亚的劝诫之下，承认了自己在帐篷地板下私藏了衣物和金银等掠物
[书 7:19-21]。
当他看着这缓慢却确凿的揭发过程时，他的心情该是何等可怕！
(民 32:23)。
英文原文
16-18. So Joshua rose up early, and brought Israel by their tribes--that is, before the tabernacle. The lot being appealed to
(Pr 16:33),
he proceeded in the inquiry from heads of tribes to heads of families, and from heads of households in succession to one family, and to particular persons in that family, until the criminal was found to be Achan, who, on Joshua's admonition, confessed the fact of having secreted for his own use, in the floor of his tent, spoil both in garments and money
[Jos 7:19-21].
How dreadful must have been his feelings when he saw the slow but certain process of discovery!
(Nu 32:23).
19
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简体中文
19. 约书亚对亚干说：我儿，我劝你……将荣耀归给神——这是劝勉说实话的一种起誓方式。
英文原文
19. Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give . . . glory to God--a form of adjuration to tell the truth.
21
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简体中文
21. 一件美好的示拿衣服——原文作「一件示拿的斗篷」。示拿平原在古时以华丽的袍服著称，色彩鲜艳斑斓，多有图案花纹，大概类似今日的土耳其地毯；其色彩或织入布中，或以针线绣成。
二百舍客勒银子——按古摩西舍客勒折合英币 22 镑 10 先令，若按通行的舍客勒则为其半数。
一条金子——原文作一条形如舌的金锭或金条。
英文原文
21. a goodly Babylonish garment--literally, "a mantle of Shinar." The plain of Shinar was in early times celebrated for its gorgeous robes, which were of brilliant and various colors, generally arranged in figured patterns, probably resembling those of modern Turkish carpets, and the colors were either interwoven in the loom or embroidered with the needle.
two hundred shekels of silver--equivalent to £22 10s. sterling, according to the old Mosaic shekel, or the half of that sum, reckoning by the common shekel.
a wedge of gold--literally, an ingot or bar in the shape of a tongue.
22
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简体中文
22、23. 约书亚打发人跑去进了帐篷——这是出于急切的心情，既要验证所言之真伪，也要使以色列脱离罪嫌。查出赃物之后，他们便将这些物摆在耶和华面前，「表明这些物本属乎祂」，因它们是当灭之物。
英文原文
22, 23. Joshua sent messengers, and they ran unto the tent--from impatient eagerness not only to test the truth of the story, but to clear Israel from the imputation of guilt. Having discovered the stolen articles, they laid them out before the Lord, "as a token of their belonging to Him" on account of the ban.
24
無標題
简体中文
24-26. 约书亚和以色列众人把亚干带走——他和他的儿女，以及他一切所有的、牛羊和动产，都被带到通向 Ghor 的一道又长又宽的沟谷中，先用石头打死
(民 15:30-35)，
其尸身与一切属他之物再用火烧成灰。「以色列众人」在场，不仅是旁观者，更尽可能都亲手参与行刑——以此表明他们对这亵渎圣物之罪的痛恨，以及他们急于重新得着神恩的迫切。由于神的律法明文禁止因父罪而处死儿女
(申 24:16)，
亚干的「儿女」被带到刑场，可能只是作为旁观者，好因父亲的下场而受警戒；又或者，他们若果真与亚干同受刑罚
(书 22:20)，
大概便是他罪行的同谋；况且，他在自己帐内挖一个洞，家里人不可能全无察觉。
英文原文
24-26. Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan--He with his children and all his property, cattle as well as movables, were brought into one of the long broad ravines that open into the Ghor, and after being stoned to death
(Nu 15:30-35),
his corpse, with all belonging to him, was consumed to ashes by fire. "All Israel" was present, not only as spectators, but active agents, as many as possible, in inflicting the punishment--thus testifying their abhorrence of the sacrilege, and their intense solicitude to regain the divine favor. As the divine law expressly forbade the children to be put to death for their father's sins
(De 24:16),
the conveyance of Achan's "sons and daughters" to the place of execution might be only as spectators, that they might take warning by the parental fate; or, if they shared his punishment
(Jos 22:20),
they had probably been accomplices in his crime, and, indeed, he could scarcely have dug a hole within his tent without his family being aware of it.
26
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简体中文
26. 众人在他身上堆成一大堆石头——在东方，至今仍习于在罪犯或恶名昭著之人的坟上堆起石冢。
那地方便名叫亚割谷——（「亚割」即「连累」之意），
直到今日——这样一段令人痛心的事，必使这地点广为人知；后世圣史不止一次提到它
(赛 65:10；
何 2:15)。
英文原文
26. they raised over him a great heap of stones--It is customary to raise cairns over the graves of criminals or infamous persons in the East still.
the name of that place was called, The valley of Achor--("trouble"),
unto this day--So painful an episode would give notoriety to the spot, and it is more than once noted by the sacred writers of a later age
(Isa 65:10; Ho 2:15).
约书亚记 7:1。
亚干的过犯
1. 以色列人在当灭的物上犯了罪——有一个人违背了对耶利哥所宣告的当灭之物（herem，即禁令），他的过犯使罪孽的罪责和羞辱临到全民身上。
亚干——后来被称为"亚割"（即"连累"）
(代上 2:7)。
撒底——即心利
(代上 2:6)。
谢拉——即谢拉，犹大和她玛之子
(创 38:30)。
此处记他的家谱，或许是要表明，出自如此败坏的先祖，其后代自然不会在敬畏神的事上受到悉心的教导。