1
2Ch 31:1-10.
英語原文
2Ch 31:1-10.
THE PEOPLE FORWARD IN DESTROYING IDOLATRY.
1. all Israel . . . present went out to the cities of Judah--The solemnities of this paschal season left a deep and salutary impression on the minds of the assembled worshippers; attachment to the ancient institutions of their country was extensively revived; ardor in the service of God animated every bosom; and under the impulse of the devout feelings inspired by the occasion, they took measures at the close of the passover for extirpating idolatrous statues and altars out of every city, as at the beginning of the festival they had done in Jerusalem.
Judah and Benjamin--denote the southern kingdom.
Ephraim also and Manasseh--refer to the northern kingdom. This unsparing demolition of the monuments of idolatry would receive all encouragement from the king and public authorities of the former; and the force of the popular movement was sufficient to effect the same results among the tribes of Israel, whatever opposition the power of Hoshea or the invectives of some profane brethren might have made. Thus the reign of idolatry being completely overthrown and the pure worship of God re-established throughout the land, the people returned every one to his own home, in the confident expectation that, through the divine blessing, they would enjoy a happy future of national peace and prosperity.
2
無題
2-5. ヒゼキヤは祭司の順序を定めた、等——王は今や、神殿礼拝の秩序ある遂行に備えることに注意を向けた。すなわち、祭司とレビ人をその順序に従って配し、各自にその適切な場所と機能を割り当て、聖所の収入の源泉である規則的な支払いについての勅令を発した。臣民に適切な模範を示すため、自らの分担分が第一に告げられた。というのも、祭壇の費用、定期的のものも臨時のものも、王の私費から払うべきであったからである
(Nu 28:3, 4, 9, 11, 19)。
そして自らの資力からこの献げ物をするにあたり、ヒゼキヤはダビデとソロモンがその前にとった進路に従った
(参照
2Ch 8:14; 1Ki 9:25)。
その後彼は民の神殿への分担を再定した。またこの件に関して王令を発する必要があったことから、聖なる貢ぎ物が完全に無視されていたか、あるいは(偶像礼拝の君主たちがそれを自分の目的に流用することが知られていたので)民が多くの場合その義務を拒否するか回避していたことが窺われる。しかし世論の改善とともに、ヒゼキヤの命令は喜んで従われ、初穂と十分の一の献げ物がユダだけでなくイスラエルのすべての地方から惜しみなく注ぎ込まれた。初穂は、生贄に不適当ないくつかの産物
(Le 2:11)、
たとえば蜜(余白、「ナツメヤシ」)であっても、祭司に充てられた
(Nu 18:12, 13; De 18:4)。
十分の一
(Le 27:31)
はレビ族全体の支持のために意図されたものであった
(Nu 18:8, 20, 24)。
英語原文
2-5. Hezekiah appointed the courses of the priests, &c.--The king now turned his attention to provide for the orderly performance of the temple-worship--arranging the priests and Levites in their courses, assigning to every one his proper place and functions--and issuing edicts for the regular payment of those dues from which the revenues of the sanctuary were derived. To set a proper example to his subjects, his own proportion was announced in the first instance, for to the king it belonged, out of his privy purse, to defray the expenses of the altar, both stated and occasional
(Nu 28:3, 4, 9, 11, 19);
and in making this contribution from his own means, Hezekiah followed the course which David and Solomon had taken before him (see
2Ch 8:14; 1Ki 9:25).
Afterwards he reappointed the people's dues to the temple; and from its being necessary to issue a royal mandate in reference to this matter, it appears that the sacred tribute had been either totally neglected, or (as the idolatrous princes were known to appropriate it to their own purposes) the people had in many cases refused or evaded the duty. But with the improved state of public feeling, Hezekiah's commandment was readily obeyed, and contributions of first-fruits and tithes were poured in with great liberality from all parts of Judah, as well as from Israel. The first-fruits, even of some articles of produce that were unfit for sacrifice
(Le 2:11),
such as honey (Margin, "dates"), were appropriated to the priests
(Nu 18:12, 13; De 18:4).
The tithes
(Le 27:31)
were intended for the support of the whole Levitical tribe
(Nu 18:8, 20, 24).
6
無題
6, 7. これらを山積みにした——献げ物は第二の月の半ばに行われた過ぎ越の祭りの直後に送られ始めた。王の命令が王国のすべての地域に届くまでにはある時間が経過したであろう。小麦の収穫は第三の月に起こったので、その穀物の束は他のいかなるものより先に献げられ、神殿の穀物倉の「礎」、下層を形成した。土地の産物の初穂は、すべての夏を通じて果物とブドウ収穫の季節の終わり、すなわち第七の月まで次々に送られ続け、山積みを重ね続けた。
英語原文
6, 7. and laid them by heaps--The contributions began to be sent in shortly after the celebration of the passover, which had taken place in the middle of the second month. Some time would elapse before the king's order reached all parts of the kingdom. The wheat harvest occurred in the third month, so that the sheaves of that grain, being presented before any other, formed "the foundation," an under-layer in the corn stores of the temple. The first-fruits of their land produce which were successively sent in all the summer till the close of the fruit and vintage season, that is, the seventh month, continued to raise heap upon heap.
9
無題
9. ヒゼキヤは山積みについて祭司とレビ人に尋ねた——彼の問い合わせの目的は、供給が聖なる階級の者たちの十分な生計の見通しを提供するかどうかを確かめることであった。
英語原文
9. Hezekiah questioned with the priests and the Levites concerning the heaps--The object of his enquiries was to ascertain whether the supplies afforded the prospect of a sufficient maintenance for the members of the sacred order.
10
無題
10. アザルヤは……答えた……私たちは十分に持っている——これはおそらく
(2Ch 26:17)
で言及された人物であり、彼の答えは次の趣旨であった。豊かな収穫があり、それに対応して初穂と十分の一の到来にも豊かさがあった。民は、その年にご自身の恵みで冠を与えられたお方に、ご自身のしもべたちへの惜しみない心によって感謝を示した。
英語原文
10. Azariah . . . answered . . . we have had enough--This is probably the person mentioned
(2Ch 26:17),
and his reply was to the following purport: There has been an abundant harvest, and a corresponding plenty in the incoming of first-fruits and tithes; the people have testified their gratitude to Him who has crowned the year with His goodness by their liberality towards His servants.
11
2Ch 31:11-19.
2Ch 31:11-19.
ヒゼキヤが 十分の一を処理する 役人を任命する
11-18. ヒゼキヤは主の宮に部屋を準備するよう命じた——倉庫、穀物倉、あるいは地下室。放置によって朽ちるに任せられていた古いものを修繕するか、あるいは追加のものを建てるかのいずれかであった。個人は自らの初穂を神殿に持って来たが、十分の一はレビ人によって徴収され、彼らはそれぞれの住処で忠実な記録を保ち、割り当てられた割合を祭司に送った。年齢その他の理由で神殿に赴くことのできない者に、祭司の都市で平等な配給を分配するために役人が任命された。三歳未満の子どもを除いて——おそらく固形物を受け取るには幼すぎると考えられたからであろう——すべての男性の数と年齢の名簿が保たれた。祭司は父祖の家に従い、レビ人は二十歳からであった
(参照
Nu 4:3; 28:24; 1Ch 23:24)。
しかし、それだけでなく、彼らの妻、娘、しもべのための備えもなされた。
英語原文
2Ch 31:11-19.
HEZEKIAH APPOINTS OFFICERS TO DISPOSE OF THE TITHES.
11-18. Hezekiah commanded to prepare chambers in the house of the Lord--storehouses, granaries, or cellars; either the old ones, which had been allowed through neglect to fall into decay, were to be repaired, or additional ones built. Private individuals brought their own first-fruits to the temple; but the tithes were levied by the Levites, who kept a faithful account of them in their several places of abode and transmitted the allotted proportion to the priests. Officers were appointed to distribute equal rations to all in the cities of the priests who, from age or other reasons, could not repair to the temple. With the exception of children under three years of age--an exception made probably from their being considered too young to receive solid food--lists were kept of the number and age of every male; of priests according to their fathers' house, and Levites from twenty years (see
Nu 4:3; 28:24; 1Ch 23:24).
But, besides, provision was also made for their wives, daughters, and servants.
18
無題
18. 彼らはその定められた務めにおいて自らを聖別したからである——これが、妻や子どもたちを聖所の収入から養う理由として与えられた。すなわち、祭司たちは、彼らの家族を養うかもしれなかった世俗的な追求から退き、奉仕の機能に完全に身を捧げたからである。
英語原文
18. for in their set office they sanctified themselves--This is the reason assigned for providing for the wives and children out of the revenues of the sanctuary, that priests, withdrawing from those secular pursuits by which they might have maintained their households, devoted themselves entirely to the functions of the ministry.
20
2Ch 31:20, 21.
2Ch 31:20, 21.
彼の心の真摯さ
20. ヒゼキヤは……良い正しいことを行った——彼は立憲君主の資質を、王国の古い制度を回復し支持することにおいて示した。また真の宗教の大義と臣民の最善の利益を促進するための熱心で粘り強い努力は、彼を最も輝かしい先任者たちの列に数えるに値するものであった
(2Ki 18:15)。
英語原文
2Ch 31:20, 21.
HIS SINCERITY OF HEART.
20. Hezekiah . . . wrought that which was good and right--He displayed the qualities of a constitutional king, in restoring and upholding the ancient institutions of the kingdom; while his zealous and persevering efforts to promote the cause of true religion and the best interests of his subjects entitled him to be ranked with the most illustrious of his predecessors
(2Ki 18:15).
2Ch 31:1-10.
民が 偶像礼拝の破壊において 進んで事にあたる
1. 全イスラエル……臨んでいた者はユダの諸都市に出て行った——この過ぎ越の季節の荘厳な儀式は、集まった礼拝者たちの心に深く有益な印象を残した。自国の古い制度への愛着が広く復興され、神への奉仕への熱心がすべての胸を奮い立たせた。そしてこの機会にインスパイアされた敬虔な感情の衝動の下に、彼らは過ぎ越の祭りの終わりに、祭りの初めにエルサレムで行ったのと同じように、すべての都市から偶像の像と祭壇を根絶するための措置を取った。
ユダとベニヤミン——南の王国を指す。
またエフライムとマナセ——北の王国を指す。この容赦のない偶像礼拝の記念物の破壊は、前者の王および公の当局者からすべての励ましを受けたであろう。また、民衆運動の勢いは、ホシェアの権力や一部の不信仰な同胞の激しい非難がどれほど反对したとしても、イスラエルの部族の中で同じ結果をもたらすのに十分であった。このように偶像礼拝の支配が完全に打ち倒され、国中に神の純粋な礼拝が再確立されたので、民は一人一人自分の家に帰り、神の祝福を通じて、国家的な平和と繁栄の幸いな未来を享受できるという確信に満ちた期待を抱いた。