Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
The prophecies against foreign nations are collected into one scroll Jeremiah 46-49. Compare Isaiah 13-23; Ezekiel 25-32. They are arranged in two great divisions:
(a) Jeremiah 46-49:33, spoken in connection with Jeremiah 25; and
(b) Jeremiah 50-51 spoken at a subsequent date against Babylon.
Between them is placed a prophecy against Elam Jeremiah 49:34-39 spoken in the first year of Zedekiah. The seven earlier prophecies belonging to the fourth year of Jehoiakim were written at the same time, and arranged as they at present stand. It is no doubt intentional that these prophecies against the nations are in number 7 (compare Amos 1:3; Amos 2:4).
Jeremiah 46. This prophecy against Egypt consists of two parts,
(a) a song of triumph because of her defeat at Carehemish Jeremiah 46:3-12;
(b) a prediction that the conqueror would invade Egypt from one end to the other Jeremiah 46:14-28.
Possibly a long delay intervened between these predictions.
Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
The difference between the preceding and the subsequent prophecies in point of composition is very remarkable; the last excelling much in majesty and elegance. This chapter (of which the first verse forms a general title to this and the five chapters following) contains two distinct prophecies relating to Egypt. The first was delivered previous to an engagement between Pharaoh-necho, king of Egypt, and Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon; in which the Egyptians were routed in Carchemish with great slaughter, as here predicted. The prophet sees the mighty preparations; but they are all declared to be of no avail, as God had decreed their fall, Jeremiah 46:1-6. The King of Egypt, however, is represented as marching with all the confidence of victory, like a river overflowing its banks, and threatening all around with its inundation, Jeremiah 46:7, Jeremiah 46:8. But this immense armament of Pharaoh-necho, consisting of various nations, shall, by a righteous judgment of God, receive such a signal overthrow near the river Euphrates, that the political consequence of Egypt shall be thereby irretrievably ruined, and its remaining power become contemptible in the sight of the nations, Jeremiah 46:9-12. The other prophecy, beginning at the thirteenth verse, relates to the memorable overthrow of the Egyptians by Nebuchadnezzar, subsequent to his siege of Tyre, in the sixteenth year after the destruction of Jerusalem, Jeremiah 46:13-26. The promise, in the conclusion of the chapter, of preservation to the Jews, (who have for many ages continued a distinct people, when the various nations of antiquity who oppressed them, or with whom they had any intercourse, have long ago ceased to have any separate and visible existence), has been most remarkably fulfilled; and is a very signal act of providence, and a pledge of the restoration of Israel to the Divine favor, when the time of the Gentiles shall be fulfilled, Jeremiah 46:27, Jeremiah 46:28.
INTRODUCTION TO Jeremiah 46
This chapter contains two prophecies relating to Egypt; one concerning the overthrow of Pharaohnecho, king of it, which was quickly accomplished; and the other concerning the destruction of the land, fulfilled many years after, and both by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon; and the chapter is concluded with a word of comfort to the people of Israel. It begins with a general title to prophecies in this and the five following chapters, Jeremiah 46:1; then follows a particular prophecy of the route of Pharaoh's army; of the place where, and time when, Jeremiah 46:2; the preparations of the Egyptians for the battle, with a variety of warlike instruments, Jeremiah 46:3; the consternation, flight, and destruction of them, Jeremiah 46:5; notwithstanding their confidence of getting the victory, Jeremiah 46:7; the reason of it, because it was the day of the Lord's vengeance on them, and therefore their ruin was inevitable, Jeremiah 46:10; the consequence of which was shame and confusion, Jeremiah 46:12; next follows another prophecy of the destruction of the land itself by Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah 46:13; the places that should be destroyed, Jeremiah 46:14; the multitude that should be slain, Jeremiah 46:15; a description of the calamity; the instrument, manner, and consequence of it, Jeremiah 46:20; the certainty of it, Jeremiah 46:18; and the whole is closed with a promise of the return of the Jews, and of their salvation; though they should not be without divine corrections, Jeremiah 46:27.
Chs. 46–51. Oracles against foreign nations
Many recent commentators, in particular Schwally (Stade’s Zeitschrift für Alttestamentl. Wissenschaft for 1888), maintain that the whole or a considerable part of these chs. is not the work of Jeremiah. Besides the general allegations that Jeremiah was not a prophet to the nations outside his own (in answer to which see Intr. p. xxi.), and that the literary style is not that of Jeremiah, arguments against their genuineness are (a) that in them Jehovah appears as a vengeful Deity, contrary to Jeremiah’s view of Him, (b) that there is here no preaching of repentance, (c) that there is no explicit reference to the state of things in Judah. But it may be replied that (a) in these prophecies (except in Jeremiah 46:10) it is a case not of vengeance but of Jehovah’s judgement on guilt, (b) until we come to the book of Jonah (which is of late date) we have no preaching of repentance to the heathen, while in Nahum and Habakkuk’s dealings even with their own nation there is little or no trace of it, (c) mention of the circumstances of Judah would have been irrelevant. In discussing this matter chs. 50, 51 require separate treatment (see introd. note to them). We should add that the MT. of these chs. evidently contains a considerable amount of non-Jeremianic matter, although commentators, apart from those who, like Schwally above, reject the whole (such as Wellhausen and Du.), are by no means agreed as to the portions to be rejected. Kuenen, A. B. Davidson, and Erbt e.g. differ from one another as regards detail. Gi.’s general result is that the utterances in their present form, with the exception of ch. 47, are not Jeremianic. We may add that Co. accepts much more than Gi. See further in individual notes.
The occasion of these prophecies (see Jeremiah 46:2) was Nebuchadnezzar’s decisive victory over Pharaoh-neco at Carchemish (b.c. 605). They deal with the widespread results of the Babylonian supremacy upon the fortunes of the other nations, who were thus to suffer for their hostility to Jehovah’s people in time past. Ch. 25 forms an introduction to this group. See notes there, and for discussion as to the place originally occupied by the group, See on Jeremiah 25:13.
The order of the individual prophecies in the Hebrew is by no means the same as that of the LXX, who commence with Elam, place Babylon immediately after Egypt, and include other differences. See Intr. p. xlviii. The Hebrew order, however, is more likely to be correct, even judging the matter only from internal considerations. It is more natural, taking Egypt first, as the nation whose overthrow by Nebuchadnezzar would be the signal to the rest of a similar fate, to go thence to Philistia (including Tyre and Sidon), then (passing round to the East of Palestine) Moab, Ammon, and Edom, then Damascus as representing the kingdoms of the north, Kedar and Hazor as indicating the kings mentioned in the summary of ch. 25 (Jeremiah 46:24), while lastly the nations of the East are included under Elam.
Ch. Jeremiah 46:1-28. Prophecy against Egypt. Encouragement to Israel
The ch. plainly consists of two parts, viz. (a) Jeremiah 46:3-12, and (b) Jeremiah 46:13-28, while the introduction (Jeremiah 46:1-2) tells us the occasion of the earlier portion, viz. the defeat of Egypt by Babylon at Carchemish, a turning point in the history of the time.
The contents may be summarized as follows.
(i) Jeremiah 46:1. Title of the group. (ii) Jeremiah 46:2-12. The prophecy concerning Egypt. Make ready, ye soldiers, arm yourselves, footmen and horsemen, for the battle. Alas! they are routed and flee: by the Euphrates they are overtaken and fall. Egypt rose in proud boasting, like the fertilising swelling of its own great river Nile. Despite its strength and pretensions, Jehovah will avenge Himself upon its army in bloody defeat, for which there is no cure. Egypt becomes a reproach to the nations of the earth. (iii) Jeremiah 46:13-26. Description of Nebuchadnezzar’s conquest of Egypt. Let her prepare to withstand the attack to which her neighbours have succumbed. Her mighty ones fall before Jehovah who is mightier than they. The strangers there call upon each other to flee to their several countries. Pharaoh’s name is but an empty noise. The time for deliverance he has let pass by. A foe lofty as Tabor or Carmel comes. Make ready for exile. Egypt is as a heifer stung by a gadfly. Her warriors flee like calves sleek but cowardly. She is as the serpent in a bushy lair, driven back by a host of woodcutters. Her forests, dense though they be, are cut down, for her foes are numberless as an army of locusts. She, her gods, and her kings, are delivered over to the ruler of the north, but in the end she shall be re-inhabited. (iv) Jeremiah 46:27-28. Jacob need not fear. The captives shall return and dwell secure in Jehovah’s favour. Other nations shall be blotted out of existence; not so shall it be with Israel.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Jer 46:1-28.
THE PROPHECIES, FORTY-SIXTH THROUGH FIFTY-SECOND CHAPTERS, REFER TO FOREIGN PEOPLES.
He begins with Egypt, being the country to which he had been removed. The forty-sixth chapter contains two prophecies concerning it: the discomfiture of Pharaoh-necho at Carchemish by Nebuchadnezzar, and the long subsequent conquest of Egypt by the same king; also the preservation of the Jews
(Jer 46:27, 28).
1. General heading of the next six chapters of prophecies concerning the Gentiles; the prophecies are arranged according to nations, not by the dates.
Against the Gentiles - Or, concerning the nations Jeremiah 46-49:33.
The word of the Lord - against the Gentiles - This is a general title to the following collection of prophecies, written concerning different nations, which had less or more connection with the Jews, either as enemies, neighbors, or allies.
They were not written at the same time; and though some of them bear dates, yet it would be difficult to give them any chronological arrangement. Dahler's mode of ascertaining the times of their delivery may be seen in the table in the introduction.
How judgment began at the house of God we have found in the foregoing prophecy and history; but now we shall find that it did not end there. In this and the following chapters we have predictions of the desolations of the neighbouring nations, and those brought upon them too mostly by the king of Babylon, till at length Babylon itself comes to be reckoned with. The prophecy against Egypt is here put first and takes up this whole chapter, in which we have, I. A prophecy of the defeat of Pharaoh-necho's army by the Chaldean forces at Carchemish, which was accomplished soon after, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim, Jer 46:1-12. II. A prophecy of the descent which Nebuchadnezzar should make upon the land of Egypt, and his success in it, which was accomplished some years after the destruction of Jerusalem, Jer 46:13-26. III. A word of comfort to the Israel of God in the midst of those calamities, Jer 46:27,28.