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Isaiah Глава 18
1
Isa 18:1-7.
Английский оригинал
Isa 18:1-7.
Isaiah announces the overthrow of Sennacherib's hosts and desires the Ethiopian ambassadors, now in Jerusalem, to bring word of it to their own nation; and he calls on the whole world to witness the event
(Isa 18:3).
As
Isa 17:12-14
announced the presence of the foe, so
Isa 18:1-7
foretells his overthrow.
1. Woe--The heading in English Version, "God will destroy the Ethiopians," is a mistake arising from the wrong rendering "Woe," whereas the Hebrew does not express a threat, but is an appeal calling attention
(Isa 55:1; Zec 2:6):
"Ho." He is not speaking against but to the Ethiopians, calling on them to hear his prophetical announcement as to the destruction of their enemies.
shadowing with wings--rather, "land of the winged bark"; that is, "barks with wing-like sails, answering to vessels of bulrushes" in
Isa 18:2;
the word "rivers," in the parallelism, also favors it; so the Septuagint and Chaldee [EWALD]. "Land of the clanging sound of wings," that is, armies, as in
Isa 8:8;
the rendering "bark," or "ship," is rather dubious [MAURER]. The armies referred to are those of Tirhakah, advancing to meet the Assyrians
(Isa 37:9).
In English Version, "shadowing" means protecting--stretching out its wings to defend a feeble people, namely, the Hebrews [VITRINGA]. The Hebrew for "wings" is the same as for the idol Cneph, which was represented in temple sculptures with wings
(Ps 91:4).
beyond--Meroe, the island between the "rivers" Nile and Astaboras is meant, famed for its commerce, and perhaps the seat of the Ethiopian government, hence addressed here as representing the whole empire: remains of temples are still found, and the name of "Tirhakah" in the inscriptions. This island region was probably the chief part of Queen Candace's kingdom
(Ac 8:27).
For "beyond" others translate less literally "which borderest on."
Ethiopia--literally, "Cush." HORSLEY is probably right that the ultimate and fullest reference of the prophecy is to the restoration of the Jews in the Holy Land through the instrumentality of some distant people skilled in navigation
(Isa 18:2; Isa 60:9, 10; Ps 45:15; 68:31; Zep 3:10).
Phœnician voyagers coasting along would speak of all Western remote lands as "beyond" the Nile's mouths. "Cush," too, has a wide sense, being applied not only to Ethiopia, but Arabia-Deserta and Felix, and along the Persian Gulf, as far as the Tigris
(Ge 2:13).
2
Без названия
- '사절들'은 디르하가와 히스기야가 산헤립에 맞서 협상하던 때 예루살렘에 온 사자들이다(이사야 37:9). '바다로'는 나일을 뜻한다(이사야 19:5). '갈대 배'는 파피루스로 만들고 역청을 바른 가벼운 배로, 모세의 갈대 상자와 같다(출애굽기 2:3). 이사야는 그들에게 하나님이 공동 원수에 대해 하실 일을 전하라고 한다. '흩어지고 벗겨진'은 차라리 '강하고 활기찬'이다[MAURER]. 다른 해석들은 구스 사람들의 키와 매끄러운 피부, 또는 흩어진 유대인을 가리킨다[HORSLEY]. '두려운'은 전쟁 능력으로 유명한 구스 사람들, 또는 하나님의 재앙으로 주변을 두렵게 한 유대인들을 말할 수 있다(신명기 28:37; 스가랴 12:2, 3). '재어 나누어진'은 능동적으로 '재어 없애는', 곧 멸하는 백성이라는 뜻이 문맥에 맞는다[MAURER]. '짓밟힌'도 유대인에게는 수동, 구스에게는 원수를 밟는 능동으로 볼 수 있다. '약탈당한'은 나일을 이루는 여러 강들이 상애굽의 흙을 씻어 하애굽에 쌓는 것을 가리키거나, 유대를 약탈한 군대들의 비유일 수 있다.
Английский оригинал
2. ambassadors--messengers sent to Jerusalem at the time that negotiations passed between Tirhakah and Hezekiah against the expected attack of Sennacherib
(Isa 37:9).
by . . . sea--on the Nile
(Isa 19:5):
as what follows proves.
vessels of bulrushes--light canoes, formed of papyrus, daubed over with pitch: so the "ark" in which Moses was exposed
(Ex 2:3).
Go--Isaiah tells them to take back the tidings of what God is about to do
(Isa 18:4)
against the common enemy of both Judah and Ethiopia.
scattered and peeled--rather, "strong and energetic" [MAURER]. The Hebrew for "strong" is literally, "drawn out" (Margin;
Ps 36:10; Ec 2:3).
"Energetic," literally, "sharp"
(Hab 1:8,
Margin; the verb means to "sharpen" a sword,
Eze 21:15, 16);
also "polished." As HERODOTUS (3:20, 114) characterizes the Ethiopians as "the tallest and fairest of men," G. V. SMITH translates, "tall and comely"; literally, "extended"
(Isa 45:14,
"men of stature") and polished (the Ethiopians had "smooth, glossy skins"). In English Version the reference is to the Jews, scattered outcasts, and loaded with indignity (literally, "having their hair torn off," HORSLEY).
terrible--the Ethiopians famed for warlike prowess [ROSENMULLER]. The Jews who, because of God's plague, made others to fear the like
(De 28:37).
Rather, "awfully remarkable" [HORSLEY]. God puts the "terror" of His people into the surrounding nations at the first
(Ex 23:27; Jos 2:9);
so it shall be again in the latter days
(Zec 12:2, 3).
from . . . beginning hitherto--so English Version rightly. But GESENIUS, "to the terrible nation (of upper Egypt) and further beyond" (to the Ethiopians, properly so called).
meted out--Hebrew, "of line." The measuring-line was used in destroying buildings
(Isa 34:11; 2Ki 21:13; La 2:8).
Hence, actively, it means here "a people meting out,--an all-destroying people"; which suits the context better than "meted," passively [MAURER]. HORSLEY, understanding it of the Jews, translates it, "Expecting, expecting (in a continual attitude of expectation of Messiah) and trampled under foot"; a graphic picture of them. Most translate, of strength, strength (from a root, to brace the sinews), that is, a most powerful people.
trodden down--true of the Jews. But MAURER translates it actively, a people "treading under foot" all its enemies, that is, victorious
(Isa 14:25),
namely, the Ethiopians.
spoiled--"cut up." The Nile is formed by the junction of many streams in Abyssinia, the Atbara, the Astapus or Blue river (between which two rivers Meroe, the "Ethiopia" here meant, lies), and the Astaboras or White river; these streams wash down the soil along their banks in the "land" of Upper Egypt and deposit it on that of Lower Egypt. G. V. SMITH translates it, "Divide." HORSLEY takes it figuratively of the conquering armies which have often "spoiled" Judea.
3
Без названия
- '보라, 들으라'보다는 '너희가 볼 것이며 들을 것이다'가 낫다. 온 땅이 여호와께서 하실 일을 증언하라는 부름이다. 하나님은 앗수르의 잡다한 군대를 예루살렘 산들 위로 모으시되 그들의 멸망을 위해 기치를 세우신다(이사야 5:26). 히스기야가 애굽을 의지한 동기가 구스 왕 디르하가의 도움도 받아들이게 했다(이사야 36:6; 37:9). 홀슬리는 기치를 십자가, 나팔을 말일의 복음 나팔로 본다.
Английский оригинал
3. see ye . . . hear ye--rather, "ye shall see . . . shall hear." Call to the whole earth to be witnesses of what Jehovah ("He") is about to do. He will "lift up an ensign," calling the Assyrian motley hosts together
(Isa 5:26)
on "the mountains" round Jerusalem, to their own destruction. This (the
eighteenth chapter)
declares the coming overthrow of those armies whose presence is announced in
Isa 17:12, 13.
The same motive, which led Hezekiah to seek aid from Egypt, led him to accept gladly the Ethiopian Tirhakah's aid
(Isa 36:6; 37:9).
Ethiopia, Egypt, and Judea were probably leagued together against the common enemy, 713 B.C. See notes on the
twenty-second chapter,
where a difference of tone (as referring to a different period) as to Ethiopia is observable. HORSLEY takes the "ensign" to be the cross, and the "trumpet" the Gospel trumpet, which shall be sounded more loudly in the last days.
4
Без названия
- '내가 쉬며 보리라'는 원수에게 모든 일이 성공적으로 보이는 동안 하나님이 조용히 바라보고 개입하지 않으신다는 뜻이다. 해의 열기와 밤 이슬이 그들의 수확을 익히는 것 같지만, 완숙 전에 멸하실 것이다(이사야 18:5; 전도서 8:11, 12). '맑은 더위처럼'은 '맑고 고요한 더위의 때에'가 낫다[MAURER]. '이슬'은 '이슬 구름의 때'다. 악인은 하나님의 침묵을 동의로, 지연을 망각으로 오해한다(시편 50:21; 베드로후서 3:3-10).
Английский оригинал
4. take . . . rest . . . consider--I will calmly look on and not interpose, while all seems to promise success to the enemy; when figuratively, "the sun's heat" and "the night dews" ripen their "harvest"; but "before" it reaches its maturity I will destroy it
(Isa 18:5; Ec 8:11, 12).
like a clear heat--rather, "at the time of the clear (serene) heat" [MAURER].
upon herbs--answering to "harvest" in the parallel clause. MAURER translates, "in the sunlight"
(Job 31:26; 37:21; Hab 3:4).
like . . . dew--rather, "at the time of the dew cloud." God's "silence" is mistaken by the ungodly for consent; His delay in taking vengeance for forgetfulness
(Ps 50:21);
so it shall be before the vengeance which in the last day shall usher in the restoration of the Jews
(Isa 34:1-8; 57:11,
end of the verse,
2Pe 3:3-10).
5
Без названия
- '이는'보다는 '그러나'가 낫다. 원수의 계획이 완성 직전에 이를 때 하나님이 치신다. '신 포도가 꽃이 될 때'보다는 '꽃이 익어 가는 포도가 될 때'다[MAURER]. 가지는 포도가 달린 새순이다. 하나님은 현재 계획뿐 아니라 장래 계획도 막으신다. 홀슬리는 수확과 포도 수확을 땅에서 불경건한 자를 제거하고 신실한 자를 평화에 두는 정결 심판으로 본다(요한복음 15:2; 요한계시록 14:15-20).
Английский оригинал
5. For--rather, "But."
perfect--perfected. When the enemy's plans are on the verge of completion.
sour grape . . . flower--rather, "when the flower shall become the ripening grape" [MAURER].
sprigs--the shoots with the grapes on them. God will not only disconcert their present plans, but prevent them forming any future ones. HORSLEY takes the "harvest" and vintage here as referring to purifying judgments which cause the excision of the ungodly from the earth, and the placing of the faithful in a state of peace on the earth: not the last judgment
(Joh 15:2; Re 14:15-20).
6
Без названия
- '새들과 짐승들'은 새순과 가지의 형상에서 실제 의미로 넘어간 것이다. 앗수르 병사와 지도자들의 시체가 너무 많아 겨울과 여름 온 해 동안 새와 짐승의 먹이가 될 것이다. 홀슬리는 단수 히브리어를 따라 '그것 위에'로 보며, 이는 거룩한 땅의 하나님의 처소(이사야 18:4)를 차지하려다 멸망할 안티크리스트와 그 반역 군대를 가리킨다고 본다.
Английский оригинал
6. birds . . . beasts--transition from the image "sprigs," "branches," to the thing meant: the Assyrian soldiers and leaders shall be the prey of birds and beasts, the whole year through, "winter" and "summer," so numerous shall be their carcasses. HORSLEY translates the Hebrew which is singular: "upon it," not "upon them"; the "it" refers to God's "dwelling-place"
(Isa 18:4)
in the Holy Land, which Antichrist ("the bird of prey" with the "beasts," his rebel hosts) is to possess himself of, and where he is to perish.
7
Без названия
- '흩어지고 벗겨진 백성'의 바른 번역은 이사야 18:2 주석을 보라. 형용사의 반복은 강대한 민족이 여호와께 드리는 존귀를 강조한다. 구스 사람들은 여호와의 개입에 놀라 예물을 예루살렘으로 보낼 것이다(이사야 16:1; 시편 68:31; 72:10). 영어 성경처럼 보면 '예물'은 하나님께 회심한 구스 백성을 뜻한다(로마서 15:16). '그 이름의 처소'는 여호와께서 영광을 특별히 나타내시는 곳이다. 사도행전 2:10; 8:27은 애굽과 구스에서 예배자들이 예루살렘으로 온 것을 보여 준다. 완전한 성취는 아직 미래일 것이다.
Английский оригинал
7. present . . . people scattered and peeled--For the right rendering, see on
Isa 18:2.
The repetition of epithets enhances the honor paid to Jehovah by so mighty a nation. The Ethiopians, wonder-struck at such an interposition of Jehovah in behalf of His people, shall send gifts to Jerusalem in His honor
(Isa 16:1; Ps 68:31; 72:10).
Thus translate: "a present . . . from a people." Or translate, as English Version; "the present" will mean "the people" of Ethiopia converted to God
(Ro 15:16).
HORSLEY takes the people converted to Jehovah, as the Jews in the latter days.
place of the name--where Jehovah peculiarly manifests His glory;
Ac 2:10 and 8:27
show how worshippers came up to Jerusalem from Egypt" and "Ethiopia." Frumentius, an Egyptian, in the fourth century, converted Abyssinia to Christianity; and a Christian church, under an abuna or bishop, still flourishes there. The full accomplishment is probably still future.
이사야 18:1-7에서 이사야는 산헤립 군대의 멸망을 알리고 예루살렘의 구스 사절들이 그 소식을 자기 나라에 전하게 하며 온 세상을 증인으로 부른다(이사야 18:3). '화 있을진저'는 위협이 아니라 주의를 환기하는 '아!'이다(이사야 55:1; 스가랴 2:6). 그는 구스를 대적하지 않고 그들에게 말한다. '날개로 그늘진'은 '날개 달린 배들의 땅'으로, 갈대 배의 돛을 가리킬 수 있다[EWALD]. 또는 군대의 날개 소리로 보기도 한다[MAURER]. '강들 건너편'은 나일과 아스타보라스 사이의 메로에 섬을 가리키며, 구스 제국을 대표한다(사도행전 8:27). '구스'는 쿠시로, 에티오피아뿐 아니라 아라비아와 페르시아만 주변까지 넓게 쓰인다(창세기 2:13). 홀슬리는 궁극적으로 항해에 능한 먼 백성을 통한 유대인의 회복을 본다(이사야 60:9, 10; 시편 68:31; 스바냐 3:10).