Комментарии по главам
Job Глава 8
1
Без названия
简体中文
Английский оригинал
FIRST SERIES--FIRST SPEECH OF BILDAD, MORE SEVERE
AND COARSE THAN THAT OF ELIPHAZ.
Job 8:1-22.
THE ADDRESS OF BILDAD.
2
Без названия
简体中文
2. 像……狂风？（like a . . . wind?）——不顾约束，胆敢向神放肆。
Английский оригинал
2. like a . . . wind?--disregarding restraints, and daring against God.
3
Без названия
简体中文
3. “颠倒”一语的重叠使用，给约伯带来难堪的着重感（伯34:12）。“难道你要神”——如你的话所暗示的——“颠倒公道”，任凭你的罪不受罚吗？他从约伯的受苦推定约伯有罪。
Английский оригинал
3. The repetition of "pervert" gives an emphasis galling to Job
(Job 34:12).
"Wouldst thou have God," as thy words imply, "pervert judgment," by letting thy sins go unpunished? He assumes Job's guilt from his sufferings.
4
Без названия
简体中文
4. 若（If）——更当译作：“既然你的儿女得罪了祂，祂又（既然）因他们的过犯把他们丢弃（希伯来文作：交在……手中），（然而）你若寻求神……云云，你若纯正……云云，[就是现在]祂也必为你兴起。”翁布雷特（UMBREIT）把“既然你的儿女……”的 apodosis（归结论）从“祂把他们丢弃”开始。又以“任凭”代替“因”：“祂把他们交在（原文：交入……手中）自己的罪里。”比勒达表达神的公义——这正是约伯所控告的。你的儿女犯了罪；神任凭他们承受罪的结果；这对丧子之父的心是最刺骨的。
Английский оригинал
4. If--Rather, "Since thy children have sinned against Him, and (since) He has cast them away (Hebrew, by the hand of) for their transgressions, (yet) if thou wouldst seek unto God, &c., if thou wert pure, &c., surely [even] now He would awake for thee." UMBREIT makes the apodosis to, "since thy children," &c., begin at "He has cast them away." Also, instead of "for," "He gave them up to (literally, into the hand of) their own guilt." Bildad expresses the justice of God, which Job had arraigned. Thy children have sinned; God leaves them to the consequence of their sin; most cutting to the heart of the bereaved father.
5
Без названия
简体中文
5. 殷勤地寻求神（seek unto God betimes）——即趁早。以此为首务与主要焦虑（诗78:34；何5:15；赛26:9；箴8:17、13:24）。
Английский оригинал
5. seek unto God betimes--early. Make it the first and chief anxiety
(Ps 78:34; Ho 5:15; Isa 26:9; Pr 8:17; 13:24).
6
Без названия
简体中文
6. 祂必为你醒来（He would awake for thee）——即起来帮助你。神对受苦者似乎沉睡了（诗35:23；7:6；赛51:9）。
使……兴旺（make . . . prosperous）——恢复你（他们）那义之居所的兴旺。比勒达认定那居所迄今乃是罪之居所。
Английский оригинал
6. He would awake for thee--that is, arise to thy help. God seemed to be asleep toward the sufferer
(Ps 35:23; 7:6; Isa 51:9).
make . . . prosperous--restore to prosperity thy (their) righteous habitation. Bildad assumes it to have been heretofore the habitation of guilt.
7
Без названия
简体中文
7. 你的起头（thy beginning）——即复兴之后新幸福的起头。
终局（latter end）——（伯42:12；箴23:18）。
Английский оригинал
7. thy beginning--the beginning of thy new happiness after restoration.
latter end--
(Job 42:12; Pr 23:18).
8
Без названия
简体中文
8、9. 古时的智者比约伯时代的人更长寿（参伯42:16注释），因此能作出更充分经历的见证。
Английский оригинал
8, 9. The sages of the olden time reached an age beyond those of Job's time (see on
Job 42:16),
and therefore could give the testimony of a fuller experience.
9
Без названия
简体中文
9. 出于昨日（of yesterday）——即近代的种族。我们因寿命短促，与他们相比一无所知；连雅各也是如此（创47:9）。当时的知识由观察的结果组成，以诗体的格言表达，藉传统流传。长寿使人有更广观察的机会。
影子（a shadow）——（诗144:4；代上29:15）。
Английский оригинал
9. of yesterday--that is, a recent race. We know nothing as compared with them because of the brevity of our lives; so even Jacob
(Ge 47:9).
Knowledge consisted then in the results of observation, embodied in poetical proverbs, and handed down by tradition. Longevity gave the opportunity of wider observation.
a shadow--
(Ps 144:4; 1Ch 29:15).
10
Без названия
简体中文
10. 指教你（teach thee）——伯6:24中曾说：“指教我”。比勒达故此说：“你既然要指教，就当问老年人。他们必指教你。”
发言语（utter words）——不只是说话；而是“发出经过深思的话”。
从他们心里（out of their heart）——出于观察与反思；不仅出于口：比勒达暗示约伯的话就是如此。
伯8:11-13以诗意格言的形式（大概是一首古诗的片段）总结了长者们的观察。不敬虔者与蒲草的双重要点类比是：1. 起初繁茂的兴旺；2. 突然的毁灭。
Английский оригинал
10. teach thee--
Job 6:24
had said, "Teach me." Bildad, therefore, says, "Since you want teaching, inquire of the fathers. They will teach thee."
utter words--more than mere speaking; "put forth well-considered words."
out of their heart--from observation and reflection; not merely, from their mouth: such, as Bildad insinuates, were Job's words.
Job 8:11-13
embody in poetic and sententious form (probably the fragment of an old poem) the observation of the elders. The double point of comparison between the ungodly and the paper-reed is: 1. the luxuriant prosperity at first; and, 2. the sudden destruction.
11
Без названия
简体中文
11. 蒲草（rush）——更当译作“蒲草纸”（paper-reed）：埃及的纸莎草，用来做衣服、鞋、篮子、船和纸（“纸”一词即由此而来）。它与芦苇（flag）或蒲草（bulrush）只生于沼泽之地（如尼罗河沿岸）。照样，不敬虔者只在外表的兴旺中繁盛；假冒为善者里面没有内在的稳固；他的兴旺正如水生植物的迅速生长。
Английский оригинал
11. rush--rather, "paper-reed": The papyrus of Egypt, which was used to make garments, shoes, baskets, boats, and paper (a word derived from it). It and the flag, or bulrush, grow only in marshy places (such as are along the Nile). So the godless thrives only in external prosperity; there is in the hypocrite no inward stability; his prosperity is like the rapid growth of water plants.
12
Без названия
简体中文
12. 尚未割下（not cut down）——在它长成可割之前，比任何草都枯萎得更突然，因一旦失去水分，它便无自立之力，而别的草并不那么需要水分。照样，毁灭抓住不敬虔之人，是在他兴旺的顶峰，比那些表面看来根基不那么稳固的人更突然[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]（诗112:10）。
Английский оригинал
12. not cut down--Before it has ripened for the scythe, it withers more suddenly than any herb, having no self-sustaining power, once that the moisture is gone, which other herbs do not need in the same degree. So ruin seizes on the godless in the zenith of prosperity, more suddenly than on others who appear less firmly seated in their possessions [UMBREIT]
(Ps 112:10).
13
Без названия
简体中文
13. paths——即“道”
(Pr 1:19)。
all that forget God——不虔之人的特征标志
(Ps 9:17; 50:22)。
Английский оригинал
13. paths--so "ways"
(Pr 1:19).
all that forget God--the distinguishing trait of the godless
(Ps 9:17; 50:22).
14
Без названия
简体中文
14. cut off——GESENIUS 如是解;或为与蜘蛛的“房屋”喻象相符,作“他所倚靠的必败为废墟”
(Isa 59:5, 6)。
Английский оригинал
14. cut off--so GESENIUS; or, to accord with the metaphor of the spider's "house," "The confidence (on which he builds) shall be laid in ruins"
(Isa 59:5, 6).
15
Без названия
简体中文
15. he shall hold it fast——暗示他在试炼风暴来临时的狂热抓住:如蜘蛛凭其网“抓紧”;但有一不同:轻巧的蜘蛛为其所凭之物所支撑;不虔者却不是为其所凭的纤细蛛网所支撑。“抓紧”一语本来指蜘蛛抓住自己的网,此处转移到人身上。伪善如蛛网:细纺、薄弱,且出于自己的虚构,如蛛网出于蜘蛛的腹。阿拉伯谚语说:“时间既毁坚修之屋,也毁蜘蛛之网。”
Английский оригинал
15. he shall hold it fast--implying his eager grasp, when the storm of trial comes: as the spider "holds fast" by its web; but with this difference: the light spider is sustained by that on which it rests; the godless is not by the thin web on which he rests. The expression, "Hold fast," properly applies to the spider holding his web, but is transferred to the man. Hypocrisy, like the spider's web, is fine-spun, flimsy, and woven out of its own inventions, as the spider's web out of its own bowels. An Arab proverb says, "Time destroys the well-built house, as well as the spider's web."
16
Без названия
简体中文
16. before the sun——即他(不虔者)只在日出之前青绿;但他不能忍受其热,就枯干了。如多汁植物像藤蔓\n (Jon 4:7, 8)。
但“在园中蔓延”与此不尽相符。更宜作“在阳光之下”;太阳代表伪君子的顺境,在其间他奇异地兴旺[UMBREIT]。喻象是杂草在繁茂中蔓延,甚至覆过石堆与墙,然后迅速被拔除。
Английский оригинал
16. before the sun--that is, he (the godless) is green only before the sun rises; but he cannot bear its heat, and withers. So succulent plants like the gourd
(Jon 4:7, 8).
But the widespreading in the garden does not quite accord with this. Better, "in sunshine"; the sun representing the smiling fortune of the hypocrite, during which he wondrously progresses [UMBREIT]. The image is that of weeds growing in rank luxuriance and spreading over even heaps of stones and walls, and then being speedily torn away.
17
Без названия
简体中文
17. seeth the place of stones——希伯来文作“石头之屋”;即围绕园子的墙。寄生植物向墙爬去、爬过墙——园子的最远边界——诗体上说它“看见”或注视它。
Английский оригинал
17. seeth the place of stones--Hebrew, "the house of stones"; that is, the wall surrounding the garden. The parasite plant, in creeping towards and over the wall--the utmost bound of the garden--is said figuratively to "see" or regard it.
18
Без названия
简体中文
18. 他(神)若将他(恰当地说,“迅速而猛烈地撕去”)从其所在之处撕去,“那么它(拟人化的所在之处)就否认他”\n (Ps 103:16)。
连土壤都为躺在其上枯干的杂草感到羞愧,仿佛它从未与它们有任何关联。照样,当不虔者从兴旺中坠落时,他至近的朋友也否认他。
Английский оригинал
18. If He (God) tear him away (properly, "to tear away rapidly and violently") from his place, "then it [the place personified] shall deny him"
(Ps 103:16).
The very soil is ashamed of the weeds lying withered on its surface, as though it never had been connected with them. So, when the godless falls from prosperity, his nearest friends disown him.
19
Без названия
简体中文
19. 苦涩的讽刺。伪君子以喜乐夸口。这便是他至终的“喜乐”。
and out of the earth——另一些人随即起来,取代那受刑之人的位置;不是虔敬者\n (Mt 3:9)。
因为杂草之地是在石头中,园丁不愿那里有植物。而是不虔者;拔起的杂草所在之处总会长出新的杂草:地上的伪君子没有穷尽[UMBREIT]。
Английский оригинал
19. Bitter irony. The hypocrite boasts of joy. This then is his "joy" at the last.
and out of the earth--others immediately, who take the place of the man thus punished; not godly men
(Mt 3:9).
For the place of the weeds is among stones, where the gardener wishes no plants. But, ungodly; a fresh crop of weeds always springs up in the place of those torn up: there is no end of hypocrites on earth [UMBREIT].
20
Без названия
简体中文
20. 比勒达视约伯为一个落入罪中的义人。
God will not cast away a perfect man——(或虔敬者,如约伯所是),只要他肯悔改。惟有那些坚执犯罪的人,神在他们跌倒时不会(希伯来文“牵手”,\n Ps 73:23; Isa 41:13; 42:6)扶助他们。
Английский оригинал
20. Bildad regards Job as a righteous man, who has fallen into sin.
God will not cast away a perfect man--(or godly man, such as Job was), if he will only repent. Those alone who persevere in sin God will not help (Hebrew, "take by the hand,"
Ps 73:23; Isa 41:13; 42:6)
when fallen.
21
Без названия
简体中文
21. Till——字面作:“直到……的地步”;你悔改时神所赐的福将不断增加,直到……的地步,即直到等等。
Английский оригинал
21. Till--literally, "to the point that"; God's blessing on thee, when repentant, will go on increasing to the point that, or until, &c.
22
Без названия
简体中文
22. 约伯的仇敌就是恶人。他们必披上羞愧\n (Jer 3:25; Ps 35:26; 109:29),
因他们指望约伯全然灭亡的希望落了空,也因为反倒是他们——而非他——归于无有。
Английский оригинал
22. The haters of Job are the wicked. They shall be clothed with shame
(Jer 3:25; Ps 35:26; 109:29),
at the failure of their hope that Job would utterly perish, and because they, instead of him, come to naught.
第一轮——比勒达第一次发言，比以利法更严厉粗暴
伯8:1-22。
比勒达的发言