Комментарии по главам
Ezekiel Глава 41
서론
Без названия
繁體中文
Английский оригинал
An account was given of the porch of the house in the close of the foregoing chapter; this brings us to the temple itself, the description of which here given creates much difficulty to the critical expositors and occasions differences among them. Those must consult them who are nice in their enquiries into the meaning of the particulars of this delineation; it shall suffice us to observe, I. The dimensions of the house, the posts of it (Eze 41:1), the door (Eze 41:2), the wall and the side-chambers (Eze 41:5,6), the foundations and wall of the chambers, their doors (Eze 41:8-11), and the house itself, Eze 41:13. II. The dimensions of the oracle, or most holy place, Eze 41:3,4. III. An account of another building over against the separate place, Eze 41:12-15. IV. The manner of the building of the house, Eze 41:7,16,17. V. The ornaments of the house, Eze 41:18-20. VI. The altar of incense and the table, Eze 41:22. VII. The doors between the temple and the oracle, Eze 41:23-26. There is so much difference both in the terms and in the rules of architecture between one age and another, one place and another, that it ought not to be any stumbling-block to us that there is so much in these descriptions dark and hard to be understood, about the meaning of which the learned are not agreed. To one not skilled in mathematics the mathematical description of a modern structure would be scarcely intelligible; and yet to a common carpenter or mason among the Jews at that time we may suppose that all this, in the literal sense of it, was easy enough.
1-11
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
繁體中文
聖殿的異象（主前574年）
¹ 以後他帶我到殿裏，量內院的柱子，每面寬六肘，就是帳幕的寬度。 ² 門口寬十肘，門的兩旁各寬五肘。他又量殿的長度，四十肘；寬二十肘。 ³ 他進到裏面，量門口的柱子，二肘；門六肘；門口寬七肘。 ⁴ 他量殿的長度，二十肘；又量寬度，二十肘，在殿的前面。他對我說：「這是至聖所。」 ⁵ 以後他量殿的牆，六肘；又量每一旁屋的寬度，四肘，四面環繞殿的周圍。 ⁶ 旁屋有三層，層疊而上，每層三十間。旁屋的梁木擱在殿牆裏，環繞殿的周圍，以免相接，但梁木不擱在殿牆之上。 ⁷ 旁屋越上越寬，且因殿的外圍逐層盤旋而上；所以越上越寬，從最低一層經過中層直到最高一層。 ⁸ 我又見殿周圍有高度：旁屋的根基，高六肘，就是一竿。 ⁹ 旁屋外牆厚五肘；所剩下的，就是裏面旁屋的所在。 ¹⁰ 旁屋之間，殿的周圍四面有二十肘的空地。 ¹¹ 旁屋的門都朝向所剩下的空地：一門朝北，一門朝南。所剩下的空地周圍寬五肘。
我們仍跟隨一位受天使引導的先知，因此當存敬畏之心跟隨，雖然我們常常既不曉得這是什麼，也不曉得它對我們有什麼意義。在此留意，
-
先知察看了各院之後，終於「被帶到殿裏」（結四十一1）。我們若殷勤留意宗教中較淺明部分的教訓並從中受益，就必被引導更深地認識天國的奧祕。那甘願住在神院宇中的人，終必被帶進他的殿。以西結自己是祭司，卻因當時的罪孽與災禍，被剝奪了在殿中事奉這與生俱來的特權；但神以把他引進這先知性、福音性、屬天的殿，並使他傳遞其描述給教會，來補償他的損失——在其中他得著尊榮，超過他同等人中一切其餘的人。
-
當我們的主耶穌談到拆毀「這殿」時——他的聽眾以為是指耶路撒冷這第二聖殿——他是指他身體的殿（約二19、21）；他這樣含蓄地說話是很有道理的，因為以西結的異象同時關乎二者，也包括他那奧祕的身體——教會——被稱為「神的家」（提前三15），以及那身體的一切肢體——他們都是「活石砌成的殿」，聖靈住在其中。
-
這殿的門柱——就是門框柱子——彼此之間的距離，因而門的寬度，正等於摩西「帳幕的」「寬度」（結四十一1），即十二肘（出二十六16、22、25）。與律法之下的情形相比，我們可以說：引進教會的門是「寬」的，因為那曾使門如此狹窄的儀文律法——那隔斷的牆——已經被拆除了。
-
至聖所是完全的正方，每邊二十肘（結四十一4）。因為新耶路撒冷也是完全的正方（啟二十一16），表明其穩固；因為我們所尋求的，是那不能震動的城。
-
上層比下層更寬（結四十一7）。殿的牆底部厚六肘，中層五肘，最高層四肘，這就騰出空間，使旁屋越上越寬；但小心使梁木得以「穩固」相接（神雖建造得高，卻建造得穩），卻不致為加固一處而削弱另一處；它們相接，卻不「擱在殿牆之上」。由於這樣逐層展寬，那在「殿的最高處」（最上層）的「旁屋」是六肘，而最低的只有四肘；每一層都多得一肘。我們在最聖潔的信上把自己建造得越高，我們的心——那些活的殿——就當越發廣大。
Английский оригинал
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
¹ Afterward he brought me to the temple, and measured the posts, six cubits broad on the one side, and six cubits broad on the other side, which was the breadth of the tabernacle.
² And the breadth of the door was ten cubits; and the sides of the door were five cubits on the one side, and five cubits on the other side: and he measured the length thereof, forty cubits: and the breadth, twenty cubits.
³ Then went he inward, and measured the post of the door, two cubits; and the door, six cubits; and the breadth of the door, seven cubits.
⁴ So he measured the length thereof, twenty cubits; and the breadth, twenty cubits, before the temple: and he said unto me, This is the most holy place.
⁵ After he measured the wall of the house, six cubits; and the breadth of every side chamber, four cubits, round about the house on every side.
⁶ And the side chambers were three, one over another, and thirty in order; and they entered into the wall which was of the house for the side chambers round about, that they might have hold, but they had not hold in the wall of the house.
⁷ And there was an enlarging, and a winding about still upward to the side chambers: for the winding about of the house went still upward round about the house: therefore the breadth of the house was still upward, and so increased from the lowest chamber to the highest by the midst.
⁸ I saw also the height of the house round about: the foundations of the side chambers were a full reed of six great cubits.
⁹ The thickness of the wall, which was for the side chamber without, was five cubits: and that which was left was the place of the side chambers that were within.
¹⁰ And between the chambers was the wideness of twenty cubits round about the house on every side.
¹¹ And the doors of the side chambers were toward the place that was left, one door toward the north, and another door toward the south: and the breadth of the place that was left was five cubits round about.
We are still attending a prophet that is under the guidance of an angel, and therefore attend with reverence, though we are often at a loss to know both what this is and what it is to us. Observe here, 1. After the prophet had observed the courts he was at length brought to the temple, Eze 41:1. If we diligently attend to the instructions given us in the plainer parts of religion, and profit by them, we shall be led further into an acquaintance with the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven. Those that are willing to dwell in God's courts shall at length be brought into his temple. Ezekiel was himself a priest, but by the iniquity and calamity of the times was cut short of his birthright privilege of ministering in the temple; but God makes up the loss to him by introducing him into this prophetical, evangelical, celestial temple, and employing him to transmit a description of it to the church, in which he was dignified above all the rest of his order. 2. When our Lord Jesus spoke of the destroying of this temple, which his hearers understood of this second temple of Jerusalem, he spoke of the temple of his body (Joh 2:19,21); and with good reason might he speak so ambiguously when Ezekiel's vision had a joint respect to them both together, including also his mystical body the church, which is called the house of God (1Ti 3:15), and all the members of that body, which are living temples, in which the Spirit dwells. 3. The very posts of this temple, the door-posts, were as far one from the other, and consequently the door was as wide, as the whole breadth of the tabernacle of Moses (Eze 41:1), namely, twelve cubits, Ex 26:16,22,25. In comparison with what had been under the law we may say, Wide is the gate which leads into the church, the ceremonial law, that wall of partition which had so much straitened the gate, being taken down. 4. The most holy place was an exact square, twenty cubits each way, Eze 41:4. For the new Jerusalem is exactly square (Re 21:16), denoting its stability; for we look for a city that cannot be moved. 5. The upper stories were larger than the lower, Eze 41:7. The walls of the temple were six cubits thick at the bottom, five in the middle story, and four in the highest, which gave room to enlarge the chambers the higher they went; but care was taken that the timber might have fast hold (though God builds high, he builds firmly), yet so as not to weaken one part for the strengthening of another; they had hold, but not in the wall of the house. By this spreading gradually, the side-chambers that were on the height of the house (in the uppermost story of all) were six cubits, whereas the lowest were but four; they gained a cubit every story. The higher we build up ourselves in our most holy faith the more should our hearts, those living temples, be enlarged.
12-26
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
繁體中文
聖殿的異象（主前574年）
¹² 在西面空地對面的房子，寬七十肘；房子的牆四圍厚五肘，長九十肘。
¹³ 這樣，他量了殿，長一百肘；又量空地和房子並牆，共長一百肘。
¹⁴ 又量殿前面和空地向東的寬面，共寬一百肘。
¹⁵ 他量了空地後面那房子的長度，和這邊與那邊的樓廊，共一百肘。還有內殿和院子的廊子。
¹⁶ 門檻、嚴密的窗戶、三層樓廊對著門檻，周圍以木板遮蔽，從地直到窗戶，窗戶都有窗櫺遮蔽。
¹⁷ 從門以上直到內殿的外面和內外牆，都按尺寸量過。
¹⁸ 其上雕刻基路伯和棕樹，每二基路伯中間有一棵棕樹；每個基路伯有兩個臉面。
¹⁹ 這邊有人的臉向著棕樹，那邊有少壯獅子的臉向著棕樹；如此在殿內四周都是這樣。
²⁰ 從地直到門以上，都雕刻基路伯和棕樹，在殿的牆上。
²¹ 殿的柱子是方的，至聖所的前面也是如此；兩者的形狀一樣。
²² 壇是木頭做的，高三肘，長二肘；壇角和壇面並壇的四旁也是木頭做的。他對我說：這是耶和華面前的桌子。
²³ 殿和至聖所各有兩扇門。
²⁴ 每扇門各有兩扇摺疊的門頁；這扇門有兩扇，那扇門也有兩扇。
²⁵ 殿的門上雕刻著基路伯和棕樹，與牆上所刻的一樣；廊外有厚木簷。
²⁶ 廊子兩邊和房子旁屋都有嚴密的窗櫺和棕樹，並有厚木簷。
這裏有：1. 一座在空地前面（即殿前面），在西面盡頭的建築的描述（Eze 41:12），在此被量度，並與殿的量度比較（Eze 41:13），顯出與殿的尺寸相同。這座建築立在一個獨立的院中，那院子也被量了（Eze 41:15），還有它的樓廊（即附屬的房間），以及它的門框和窗戶，並這些的裝飾（Eze 41:15-17）。但這座別的建築有何用途，我們沒有被告知；也許在這異象中，它象徵著在外邦人中建立教會——不亞於猶太聖殿，卻性質完全不同，並將很快取代它。2. 殿和那另一座建築的裝飾的描述。內部的牆壁從上到下都裝飾著基路伯和棕樹，交替排列，正如所羅門聖殿中一樣（王上六29）。這裏說每個基路伯有兩個臉面，一邊有人的臉向著棕樹，另一邊有少壅獅子的臉向著棕樹（Eze 41:19）。這些似乎代表天使，他們不但有人般的智慧，也有獅子般的勇氣；而在兩方面，他們都注視著擺在他們面前的勝利和誇勝的棕枝——這是他們在一切與黑暗權勢的衝突中確定必得的。而在聖徒的聚會中，天使也特別同在（林前十一10）。3. 殿和至聖所的門框的描述；它們是方的（Eze 41:21），不像柱子那樣是圓的；而且這一個的形狀與那一個一樣。在會幕和所羅門聖殿中，至聖所的門比殿的門窄，但在這裏它完全一樣寬；因為在福音時代，進入至聖所的路比舊約時代更加顯明（來九8），因此門更寬了。這些門在Eze 41:23,24中有所描述。殿和至聖所各有自己的門，而且是兩扇的，摺疊的門。4. 我們在此看到香壇的描述，這裏說它是木頭做的壇（Eze 41:22）。沒有提到它*包上金子；*但它必然是要如此包的，否則就不能承受燒香所用的火，除非我們假設它只用來放置香爐。又或者它暗示福音殿中所獻的香將完全是屬靈的，火也是屬靈的，不會燒毀木頭的壇。因此這壇被稱為桌子：這是耶和華面前的桌子。在此，正如從前一樣，我們看到壇被稱為桌子；因為那偉大的祭牲如今已經獻上，我們所當做的，乃是在主的桌上享用這祭牲。5. 門和窗戶也裝飾著棕樹，使它們與殿的牆壁相稱（Eze 41:25,26）。活著的殿也是如此被裝飾的，不是用金、銀或貴重的衣裳，而是用內心中隱藏的人，那不能朽壞的裝飾。
Английский оригинал
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
¹² Now the building that was before the separate place at the end toward the west was seventy cubits broad; and the wall of the building was five cubits thick round about, and the length thereof ninety cubits.
¹³ So he measured the house, a hundred cubits long; and the separate place, and the building, with the walls thereof, an hundred cubits long;
¹⁴ Also the breadth of the face of the house, and of the separate place toward the east, a hundred cubits.
¹⁵ And he measured the length of the building over against the separate place which was behind it, and the galleries thereof on the one side and on the other side, a hundred cubits, with the inner temple, and the porches of the court;
¹⁶ The door posts, and the narrow windows, and the galleries round about on their three stories, over against the door, cieled with wood round about, and from the ground up to the windows, and the windows were covered;
¹⁷ To that above the door, even unto the inner house, and without, and by all the wall round about within and without, by measure.
¹⁸ And it was made with cherubims and palm trees, so that a palm tree was between a cherub and a cherub; and every cherub had two faces;
¹⁹ So that the face of a man was toward the palm tree on the one side, and the face of a young lion toward the palm tree on the other side: it was made through all the house round about.
²⁰ From the ground unto above the door were cherubims and palm trees made, and on the wall of the temple.
²¹ The posts of the temple were squared, and the face of the sanctuary; the appearance of the one as the appearance of the other.
²² The altar of wood was three cubits high, and the length thereof two cubits; and the corners thereof, and the length thereof, and the walls thereof, were of wood: and he said unto me, This is the table that is before the LORD.
²³ And the temple and the sanctuary had two doors.
²⁴ And the doors had two leaves apiece, two turning leaves; two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other door.
²⁵ And there were made on them, on the doors of the temple, cherubims and palm trees, like as were made upon the walls; and there were thick planks upon the face of the porch without.
²⁶ And there were narrow windows and palm trees on the one side and on the other side, on the sides of the porch, and upon the side chambers of the house, and thick planks.
Here is, 1. An account of a building that was before the separate place (that is, before the temple), at the end towards the west (Eze 41:12), which is here measured, and compared (Eze 41:13) with the measure of the house, and appears to be of equal dimensions with it. This stood in a court by itself, which is measured (Eze 41:15) and its galleries, or chambers belonging to it, its posts and windows, and the ornaments of them, Eze 41:15-17. But what use was to be made of this other building we are not told; perhaps, in this vision, it signified the setting up of a church among the Gentiles not inferior to the Jewish temple, but of quite another nature, and which should soon supersede it. 2. A description of the ornaments of the temple, and the other building. The walls on the inside from top to bottom were adorned with cherubim and palm-trees, placed alternately, as in Solomon's temple, 1Ki 6:29. Each cherub is here said to have two faces, the face of a man towards the palm tree on one side and the face of a young lion towards the palm-tree on the other side, Eze 41:19. These seem to represent the angels, who have more than the wisdom of a man and the courage of a lion; and in both they have an eye to the palms of victory and triumph which are set before them, and which they are sure of in all their conflicts with the powers of darkness. And in the assemblies of the saints angels are in a special manner present, 1Co 11:10. 3. A description of the posts of the doors both of the temple and of the sanctuary; they were squared (Eze 41:21), not round like pillars; and the appearance of the one was as the appearance of the other. In the tabernacle, and in Solomon's temple, the door of the sanctuary, or most holy, was narrower than that of the temple, but here it was fully as broad; for in gospel-times the way into the holiest of all is made more manifest than it was under the Old Testament (Heb 9:8) and therefore the door is wider. These doors are described, Eze 41:23,24. The temple and the sanctuary had each of them its door, and they were two-leaved, folding doors. 4. We have here the description of the altar of incense, here said to be an altar of wood, Eze 41:22. No mention is made of its being over-laid with gold; but surely it was intended to be so, else it would not bear the fire with which the incense was to be burned, unless we will suppose that it served only to put the censers upon. Or else it intimates that the incense to be offered in the gospel-temple shall be purely spiritual, and the fire spiritual, which will not consume an altar of wood. Therefore this altar is called a table. This is the table that is before the Lord. Here, as before, we find the altar turned into a table; for, the great sacrifice being now offered, that which we have to do is to feast upon the sacrifice at the Lord's table. 5. Here is the adorning of the doors and windows with palm-trees, that they might be of a piece with the walls of the house, Eze 41:25,26. Thus the living temples are adorned, not with gold, or silver, or costly array, but with the hidden man of the heart, in that which is not corruptible.
前一章末了已對聖殿的門廊作了說明;此處把我們引到聖殿本身。這裏對聖殿的描述,給註釋學者帶來許多困難,也引起他們之間的分歧。凡細究這幅圖則各項細節含義的人,必須參考他們的著作;我們只須注意以下幾點即可:一、聖殿的尺寸——其柱子(結四十一1)、門(結四十一2)、牆與旁屋(結四十一5-6)、旁屋的根基與牆及其門(結四十一8-11)、以及聖殿本身(結四十一13)。二、內殿(即至聖所)的尺寸(結四十一3-4)。三、對聖屋對面另一建築的記述(結四十一12-15)。四、聖殿的建造方式(結四十一7、16、17)。五、聖殿的裝飾(結四十一18-20)。六、香壇與桌子(結四十一22)。七、聖殿與內殿之間的門(結四十一23-26)。不同時代、不同地方在建築的術語與規則上既有如此大的差異,那麼這些描述中有許多晦暗難明之處——甚至學者之間也未能達成共識——對我們而言就不該成為任何絆腳石。對一個不諳數學的人而言,即或是一座現代建築的數學圖則,他也幾乎無法看懂;然而我們可以設想,對當時猶太人中一個普通的木匠或石匠來說,這一切按字面意義而言已是足夠淺顯的了。