Chú giải Kinh Thánh

Isa 17:1-11.

PROPHECY CONCERNING DAMASCUS AND ITS ALLY SAMARIA, that is, Syria and Israel, which had leagued together (seventh and eighth chapters).

Already, Tiglath-pileser had carried away the people of Damascus to Kir, in the fourth year of Ahaz

(2Ki 16:9);

but now in Hezekiah's reign a further overthrow is foretold

(Jer 49:23; Zec 9:1).

Also, Shalmaneser carried away Israel from Samaria to Assyria

(2Ki 17:6; 18:10, 11)

in the sixth year of Hezekiah of Judah (the ninth year of Hoshea of Israel). This prophecy was, doubtless, given previously in the first years of Hezekiah when the foreign nations came into nearer collision with Judah, owing to the threatening aspect of Assyria.

1. Damascus--put before Israel (Ephraim,

Isa 17:3),

which is chiefly referred to in what follows, because it was the prevailing power in the league; with it Ephraim either stood or fell

(Isa 7:1-25).

2. cities of Aroer--that is, the cities round Aroer, and under its jurisdiction [GESENIUS]. So "cities with their villages"

(Jos 15:44);

"Heshbon and all her cities"

(Jos 13:17).

Aroer was near Rabbahammon, at the river of Gad, an arm of the Jabbok

(2Sa 24:5),

founded by the Gadites

(Nu 32:34).

for flocks--

(Isa 5:17).

3. fortress . . . cease--The strongholds shall be pulled down (Samaria especially:

Ho 10:14; Mic 1:6; Hab 1:10).

remnant of Syria--all that was left after the overthrow by Tiglath-pileser

(2Ki 16:9).

as the glory of . . . Israel--They shall meet with the same fate as Israel, their ally.

4. glory of Jacob--the kingdom of Ephraim and all that they rely on

(Ho 12:2; Mic 1:5).

fatness . . . lean--(See on

Isa 10:16).

5. harvestman, &c.--The inhabitants and wealth of Israel shall be swept away, and but few left behind just as the husbandman gathers the corn and the fruit, and leaves only a few gleaning ears and grapes

(2Ki 18:9-11).

with his arm--He collects the standing grain with one arm, so that he can cut it with the sickle in the other hand.

Rephaim--a fertile plain at the southwest of Jerusalem toward Beth-lehem and the country of the Philistines

(2Sa 5:18-22).

6. in it--that is, in the land of Israel.

two or three . . . in the top--A few poor inhabitants shall be left in Israel, like the two or three olive berries left on the topmost boughs, which it is not worth while taking the trouble to try to reach.

7. look to his Maker--instead of trusting in their fortresses--

(Isa 17:3; Mic 7:7).

8. groves--A symbolical tree is often found in Assyrian inscriptions, representing the hosts of heaven ("Saba"), answering to Ashteroth or Astarte, the queen of heaven, as Baal or Bel is the king. Hence the expression, "image of the grove," is explained

(2Ki 21:7).

images--literally, "images to the sun," that is, to Baal, who answers to the sun, as Astarte to the hosts of heaven

(2Ki 23:5; Job 31:26).