Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
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Moses commanded to teach the Israelites how they are to pitch their tents, and erect the ensigns of their fathers' houses, Numbers 2:1, Numbers 2:2. Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, on the East, amounting to 186,400 men, Numbers 2:3-9. Reuben, Simeon, and Gad, on the South, with 151,450 men, Numbers 2:10-16. The Levites to be in the midst of the camp, Numbers 2:17. Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin, on the West, with 108,100 men, Numbers 2:18-24. Dan, Asher, and Naphtali, on the North, with 157,600 men, Numbers 2:25-31. The sum total of the whole, v. 603,550 men, Numbers 2:32. But the Levites are not included, Numbers 2:33. The people do as the Lord commands them, Numbers 2:34.
INTRODUCTION TO Numbers 2
This chapter contains the order of the encampment and march of the tribes of Israel in their proper places about the tabernacle; the general direction for the same is in Numbers 1:1; the particulars follow; on the cast of the tabernacle the camp of Judah was to pitch, and under his standard the tribes of Issachar and Zebulun, Numbers 1:3; on the south side of it the camp of Reuben, and under his standard the tribes of Simeon and Gad, Numbers 1:10; then the tabernacle, with the camp of the Levites round it, were next, to stand or set forward, Numbers 1:17; and on the west side the camp of Ephraim, and under his standard the tribes of Manasseh and Benjamin, Numbers 1:18; and on the north side the camp of Dan, and under his standard the tribes of Asher and Naphtali, Numbers 1:25; the sum total of the numbers of which camps are given, exclusive of the camp of Levi, Numbers 1:32; and the chapter is concluded with observing, that all was done according to the commandment of God, Numbers 1:34.
II.
(2) With the ensign.—Better the signs or ensigns. Probably each father’s house had its own smaller ensign or flag.
Far off about the tabernacle of the congregation . . . —Better, over against the tent of meeting shall they pitch round about it. The word minneged (over against) generally implies the idea of distance as well as that of opposition. At the same time it is more correctly rendered over against than far off. The meaning seems to be that the four camps which encircled the tent of meeting were pitched opposite to, but at some distance from it; and this is implied in the directions given in the following chapter for the encamping of the Levites immediately round the tent of meeting. It has been supposed that the nearest tents were above 2,000 cubits, which was probably a Sabbath day’s journey, from the tabernacle (cf. Joshua 3:4); and on this supposition the area of the camp has been computed at about three square miles. The form of encampment was probably circular.
(9) These shall first set forth.—It is quite possible that there may be a primary reference in Genesis 49:10 to the position which the camp of Judah should occupy in the marches of the Israelites.
(14) Reuel.—There is good authority for reading Deuel here, as in Numbers 1:14; Numbers 7:42; Numbers 10:20.
(16) Throughout their armies.—Better, according to their hosts. So in Numbers 2:3; Numbers 2:24. In Numbers 2:31 the words “with their standards” seem to be used in the same manner. Each tribe had probably the common standard (degel) of its leading tribe as well as its own smaller ensigns.
(17) In the midst of the camp.—Or. host. The word mahaneh (camp) here denotes evidently the whole of the four united camps or hosts. As the tent of meeting was compassed about by the four camps when stationary, so it was placed in the centre when they were in motion, having the camps of Judah and Reuben before it, and those of Ephraim and Dan behind it. As the sanctuary of God was in the midst of the camp of the Israelites, and set forward in the midst of their hosts as they marched, so God is represented by the Psalmist as being in the midst of His Church (Psalm 46:5). The collocation of the tribes was evidently determined in accordance with their mutual relationship. Thus, the eastern camp was composed exclusively of the descendants of the sons of Leah; the southern of those of the two remaining sons of Leah (the tribe of Levi being encamped around the Tabernacle) and a son of Zilpah, Leah’s handmaid; the western of those of one of the sons and of the two grandsons of Rachel; and the northern of those of the two sons of Bilhah and of the remaining son of Zilpah. If this arrangement is examined, it will be found that, if allowance be made for the separation of the tribe of Levi, none could have been made in which the relationship by birth would be more closely adhered to. We may learn from this arrangement that the ties of nature should strengthen those of Christian communion. The grouping of the tribes in Ezekiel 48:30-34 is different, but the family relationship is still more closely preserved. In Revelation 7:5-8, where the reference is to a state in which they neither marry nor are given in marriage, the twelve tribes are enumerated without any regard to family relationship. It is deserving of notice that when the lots of the several tribes were finally determined, we find that the temporary association established during their encampments in the wilderness was to a great extent preserved. Thus we see, in regard to the three tribes which formed the eastern camp, that Issachar and Zebulun had adjoining territories; that of those which formed the southern camp, Reuben and Gad had adjoining territories on the east of the Jordan; that this was also the case with the three tribes which formed the western camp, viz., Benjamin, Manasseh, and Ephraim; and that of those which formed the northern camp, Asher and Naphtali had adjoining territories.
(32) These are those which were numbered.—The number of the Israelites was very large, considering in how short a time, and under what adverse circumstances, the small company which went down into Egypt had multiplied into 600,000 men capable of bearing arms, independently of the tribe of Levi. But the spiritual Israel of Revelation 7:9 is represented as a great multitude which no man could number.”
The subjoined plan will suffice to convey a general idea of the position of the twelve tribes with respect to the tent of meeting during their encampments in the wilderness. It does not clearly appear what was the position of the leading or standard tribe in regard to the two other tribes which constituted together with it one camp.
The arrangement of the camp, and the order of march
The following diagram represents the arrangement which appears to be described in the Hebrew text:
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Nu 2:1-34.
Nu 2:1-34.
THE ORDER OF THE TRIBES IN THEIR TENTS.
And the Lord spake unto Moses, and unto Aaron,.... Very probably after the number of the children of Israel was taken, of which in the preceding chapter, and when the congregation of Israel with the tabernacle were about to set forward on their journey; and therefore directions are here given for their orderly and regular proceeding in it, in what form and manner they should both encamp and march:
saying: as follows.
Order for the marches and camping of the tribes, Numbers 2:1,2. Judah on the east side, with Issachar and Zebulun, who led the van, Numbers 2:3-9. Reuben on the south side, with Simeon and Gad; then the tabernacle was to follow, the Levites camping round it, Numbers 2:10-17. Ephraim on the west side, with Manasseh and Benjamin, Numbers 2:18-24. Dan on the north quarter, with Asher and Naphtali, Numbers 2:25-31.
No text from Poole on this verse.
The thousands of Israel, having been mustered in the former chapter, in this are marshalled, and a regular disposition is made of their camp, by a divine appointment. Here is, I. A general order concerning it, Nu 2:1,2. II. Particular directions for the posting of each of the tribes, in four distinct squadrons, three tribes in each squadron. 1. In the van-guard on the east were posted Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, Nu 2:3-9. 2. In the right wing, southward, Reuben, Simeon, and Gad, Nu 2:10-16. 3. In the rear, westward, Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin, Nu 2:18-24. 4. In the left wing, northward, Dan, Asher, and Naphtali, Nu 2:25-31. 5. The tabernacle in the centre, Nu 2:17. III. The conclusion of this appointment, Nu 2:32, etc.