Chú giải chương
Jeremiah Chương 8
1
Jer 8:1-22.
简体中文
bản gốc tiếng anh
Jer 8:1-22.
THE JEW'S COMING PUNISHMENT; THEIR UNIVERSAL AND INCURABLE IMPENITENCE.
1. The victorious Babylonians were about to violate the sanctuaries of the dead in search of plunder; for ornaments, treasures, and insignia of royalty were usually buried with kings. Or rather, their purpose was to do the greatest dishonor to the dead
(Isa 14:19).
2
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
2. 摊开……在日头等等面前——这是同类相报的报应。他们素来所敬拜的对象，如今要漠然地见证他们的羞辱。
爱慕……事奉……随从……求问……敬拜——这些动词叠用，似乎怎样都不足以充分表达他们对天象发狂般的敬拜
(王下 23:5)。
不得葬埋——
(耶 22:19)。
粪土——
(耶 9:22； 诗 83:10)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
2. spread . . . before the sun, &c.--retribution in kind. The very objects which received their idolatries shall unconcernedly witness their dishonor.
loved . . . served . . . after . . . walked . . . sought . . . worshipped--Words are accumulated, as if enough could not be said fully to express the mad fervor of their idolatry to the heavenly host
(2Ki 23:5).
nor . . . buried--
(Jer 22:19).
dung--
(Jer 9:22; Ps 83:10).
3
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
3. 剩下存活的人，比死了的更惨
(伯 3:21, 22； 启 9:6)。
这在一切所剩的地方——"就是在一切剩下的人所在之处，就是我所……"即在我所驱散剩下之人的一切地方[马提（MAURER）]。
bản gốc tiếng anh
3. The survivors shall be still worse off than the dead
(Job 3:21, 22; Re 9:6).
which remain in all the places--"in all places of them that remain, whither I . . . that is, in all places whither I have driven them that remain [MAURER].
4
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
4. "人跌倒了，岂不再起来？人转去（即偏离正路），岂不归回到他所离弃之处吗？这岂不是天然的本能吗？耶路撒冷为何不这样行呢？"他借归回一词的双重含义——字面与比喻——来发挥
(Jer 3:12; 4:1)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
4. "Is it not a natural instinct, that if one falls, he rises again; if one turns away (that is, wanders from the way), he will return to the point from which he wandered? Why then does not Jerusalem do so?" He plays on the double sense of return; literal and metaphorical
(Jer 3:12; 4:1).
5
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
5. 滑退……退后——更当译作，因希伯来文与本节所引的
Jer 8:4
相同，"长久背道地转去"。
长久——与"起来"（"再起来"，
Jer 8:4)
相对。
不肯回头——与"他……岂不归回吗"
(Jer 8:4；
Jer 5:3) 相对。
bản gốc tiếng anh
5. slidden . . . backsliding--rather, as the Hebrew is the same as in
Jer 8:4,
to which this verse refers, "turned away with a perpetual turning away."
perpetual--in contrast to the "arise" ("rise again,"
Jer 8:4).
refuse to return--in contrast to, "shall he . . . not return"
(Jer 8:4; Jer 5:3).
6
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
6. 没有正确说话——即没有悔改地承认自己行错了。比较下文。
各人……他的道——Keri（修注本）作"道"，但Chetib（通行本）作"道"（复数）。"他们坚持自己所曾进入的道"。他们邪恶的道是多样的。
马奔走——字面作"倾泻而出"，如水冲破堤坝。比较的要点是战马的疯狂疾驰
(Job 39:19-25)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
6. spake not aright--that is, not so as penitently to confess that they acted wrong. Compare what follows.
every one . . . his course--The Keri reads "course," but the Chetib, "courses." "They persevere in the courses whatever they have once entered on." Their wicked ways were diversified.
horse rusheth--literally, "pours himself forth," as water that has burst its embankment. The mad rapidity of the war horse is the point of comparison
(Job 39:19-25).
7
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
7. 候鸟的本能引导它们每个春天从冬居准时回到夏地
(So 2:12)；
但神的百姓即使在祂怒气的寒冬过去、祂邀请他们回到祂恩典的春天之时，也不肯归向祂。
在天空——是强调。鸟的元素就是空气，在其中它们永不得安息，却显出稳定的智慧，这是神的百姓所没有的。
时候——即迁移和归回的时候。
我的百姓——这尊贵的称号加重了犹太人对他们的神那悖逆的不自然。
却不知道，等等——
(Jer 5:4, 5； Isa 1:3)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
7. The instinct of the migratory birds leads them with unfailing regularity to return every spring from their winter abodes in summer climes
(So 2:12);
but God's people will not return to Him even when the winter of His wrath is past, and He invites them back to the spring of His favor.
in the heaven--emphatical. The birds whose very element is the air, in which they are never at rest, yet show a steady sagacity, which God's people do not.
times--namely, of migrating, and of returning.
my people--This honorable title aggravates the unnatural perversity of the Jews towards their God.
know not, &c.--
(Jer 5:4, 5; Isa 1:3).
8
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
8. law . . . with us（律法……在我们这里）——
(Ro 2:17)。
犹太人拥有律法，并以此自夸，本可成为列国中最有智慧的；但因他们忽视了律法的诫命，律法在他们身上便"徒然"赐下了。
scribes（文士）——抄写的人。"徒然"地抄录，抄本虽然增多却归于无用。MAURER 译作："文士虚假的笔将其[律法]变为谎言。" 参旁注（Margin），与武加大译本（Vulgate）一致。
bản gốc tiếng anh
8. law . . . with us--
(Ro 2:17).
Possessing the law, on which they prided themselves, the Jews might have become the wisest of nations; but by their neglecting its precepts, the law became given "in vain," as far as they were concerned.
scribes--copyists. "In vain" copies were multiplied. MAURER translates, "The false pen of the scribes hath converted it [the law] into a lie." See Margin, which agrees with Vulgate.
9
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
9. dismayed（惊惶）——羞愧难当。
what wisdom（什么智慧）——字面意为"什么的智慧？"即"在哪方面的智慧？"因为耶和华的话才是智慧的唯一真源头
(Ps 119:98-100; Pr 1:7; 9:10)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
9. dismayed--confounded.
what wisdom--literally, "the wisdom of what?" that is, "wisdom in what respect?" the Word of the Lord being the only true source of wisdom
(Ps 119:98-100; Pr 1:7; 9:10).
10
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
10-12. 重複自
Jer 6:12-15。
参类似的重复，
Jer 8:15; Jer 14:19。
inherit（为业）——接续得他们所占有的为业。
bản gốc tiếng anh
10-12. Repeated from
Jer 6:12-15.
See a similar repetition,
Jer 8:15; Jer 14:19.
inherit--succeed to the possession of them.
11
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
11.
(Eze 13:10)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
11.
(Eze 13:10).
13
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
13. surely consume（必定摘尽）——字面意为"聚集我必聚集"，或"灭尽我必灭尽"。
no grapes . . . nor figs（没有葡萄……也无花果）——
(Joe 1:7; Mt 21:19)。
things that I have given . . . shall pass away（我所赐给他们的……必过去）——宁可译作："我必为他们指定那些要淹没（越过）他们的人"，即我必使仇敌临到他们[MAURER]。英文译本（English Version）也符合上下文；他们的葡萄和无花果虽熟了，却不许他们享受。
bản gốc tiếng anh
13. surely consume--literally, "gathering I will gather," or "consuming I will consume."
no grapes . . . nor figs--
(Joe 1:7; Mt 21:19).
things that I have given . . . shall pass away--rather, "I will appoint to them those who shall overwhelm (pass over) them," that is, I will send the enemy upon them [MAURER]. English Version accords well with the context; Though their grapes and figs ripen, they shall not be allowed to enjoy them.
14
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
14. assemble（聚集）——为防御。
let us be silent（让我们静默）——不进攻敌人，只是安静地自卫，直到风暴过去。
put us to silence（使我们静默）——使我们落到再也不能抵抗仇敌的地步；暗示绝望的沉默。
water of gall（毒水）——字面意为"有毒之植物的水"，也许是罂粟
(Jer 9:15; 23:15)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
14. assemble--for defense.
let us be silent--not assault the enemy, but merely defend ourselves in quiet, until the storm blow over.
put us to silence--brought us to that state that we can no longer resist the foe; implying silent despair.
water of gall--literally, "water of the poisonous plant," perhaps the poppy
(Jer 9:15; 23:15).
15
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
15. 重复
(Jer 14:19)。
We looked for（我们指望）——因假先知所给的指望。
health（痊愈）——医治；即从苦难中复兴。
bản gốc tiếng anh
15. Repeated
(Jer 14:19).
We looked for--owing to the expectations held out by the false prophets.
health--healing; that is, restoration from adversity.
16
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
16. his horses（他的马）——迦勒底人的马。
was heard（听见）——预言性的过去式，指未来。
from Dan（从但）——与腓尼基接壤。这是尼布甲尼撒入侵以色列的路线；骑兵在步兵之前要扫荡全地。
strong ones（壮马）——骏马的诗体表达，为耶利米所特有
(Jer 47:3；
参
Jer 4:13, 29; 6:23)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
16. his horses--the Chaldean's.
was heard--the prophetical past for the future.
from Dan--bordering on Phœnicia. This was to be Nebuchadnezzar's route in invading Israel; the cavalry in advance of the infantry would scour the country.
strong ones--a poetical phrase for steeds, peculiar to Jeremiah
(Jer 47:3;
compare
Jer 4:13, 29; 6:23).
17
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
17. I（我）——耶和华。
cockatrices（虺蛇）——即蛇怪
(Isa 11:8)，
意指那些仇敌，其毁灭之力没有任何方法（无论是劝诱还是其他手段）所能抵挡。东方的弄蛇者以音乐引诱蛇，并用某种特别的压迫颈部的手法使其无法发射
(Ps 58:4, 5)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
17. I--Jehovah.
cockatrices--basilisks
(Isa 11:8),
that is, enemies whose destructive power no means, by persuasion or otherwise, can counteract. Serpent-charmers in the East entice serpents by music, and by a particular pressure on the neck render them incapable of darting
(Ps 58:4, 5).
18
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
18.
(Isa 22:4)。
先知为将要临到祖国的灾难所作的哀歌。
against sorrow（为忧愁）——或作关于忧愁。[MAURER]译作："哦，我那关于忧愁的舒畅！"意即"哦，但愿那舒畅（从阿拉伯文意为"如初升日头一般照耀"的词根而来）会照在我忧愁之上！"
in me（在我里面）——在我心中。
bản gốc tiếng anh
18.
(Isa 22:4).
The lamentation of the prophet for the impending calamity of his country.
against sorrow--or, with respect to sorrow. MAURER translates, "Oh, my exhilaration as to sorrow!" that is, "Oh, that exhilaration ('comfort', from an Arabic root, to shine as the rising sun) would shine upon me as to my sorrow!"
in me--within me.
19
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
19. 先知在异象中听见被掳犹太人的哀号，诧异神既为锡安的王、住在其中
(Mic 3:11)，
竟将他们交在仇敌手中。本节后半是神的回答：原因是他们自己的偶像崇拜，不是他失信。
because of them that dwell in a far country（因那住远处的人）——宁作"从距离之地"，即远方之地
(Isa 39:3)。
英文译本认为这呼号出自犹太人在本地，因仇敌从远地而来。strange vanities（外邦虚无的神）——即外邦的神。
bản gốc tiếng anh
19. The prophet in vision hears the cry of the exiled Jews, wondering that God should have delivered them up to the enemy, seeing that He is Zion's king, dwelling in her
(Mic 3:11).
In the latter half of the verse God replies that their own idolatry, not want of faithfulness on His part, is the cause.
because of them that dwell in a far country--rather, "from a land of distances," that is, a distant land
(Isa 39:3).
English Version understands the cry to be of the Jews in their own land, because of the enemy coming from their far-off country.
strange vanities--foreign gods.
20
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
20. 这是谚语。意为：一个又一个盼望的季节过去了，所盼望的拯救总不来，如今一切盼望都完了。
bản gốc tiếng anh
20. Proverbial. Meaning: One season of hope after another has passed, but the looked-for deliverance never came, and now all hope is gone.
21
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
21. black（发黑）——面容因忧愁而发黑
(Joe 2:6)。
bản gốc tiếng anh
21. black--sad in visage with grief
(Joe 2:6).
22
Không có tiêu đề
简体中文
22. balm（乳香）——即balsam（香脂）；用来敷在我百姓的伤处。示巴女王在所罗门时代首先从阿拉伯福地将其带入犹太 [JOSEPHUS,Antiquities, 8.2]。即 [PLINY] 所说的 opobalsamum；或者 [BOCHART] 说是从笃耨香提取的树脂。它盛产于约旦河以东的基列，因此许多"医师"在那里定居
(Jer 46:11; 51:8; Ge 37:25; 43:11)。
health . . . recovered（医治……康复）——希伯来文字面意为"伸出……升高"；故为敷上长绷带包扎伤口。阿拉伯文也如此 [GESENIUS]。
bản gốc tiếng anh
22. balm--balsam; to be applied to the wounds of my people. Brought into Judea first from Arabia Felix, by the queen of Sheba, in Solomon's time [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 8.2]. The opobalsamum of PLINY; or else [BOCHART] the resin drawn from the terebinth. It abounded in Gilead, east of Jordan, where, in consequence, many "physicians" established themselves
(Jer 46:11; 51:8; Ge 37:25; 43:11).
health . . . recovered--The Hebrew is literally, "lengthening out . . . gone up"; hence, the long bandage applied to bind up a wound. So the Arabic also [GESENIUS].
耶 8:1-22。
犹太人将受的惩罚；他们普遍而无可救药的顽梗不悔改。
1. 得胜的巴比伦人将要亵渎死人的坟地以搜寻掠物；因为装饰品、财宝和王室的徽号通常都与君王一同埋葬。更准确说，他们的目的是对死者施加最大的羞辱
(赛 14:19)。