1
1Ch 4:1-8.
英文原文
1Ch 4:1-8.
POSTERITY OF JUDAH BY CALEB THE SON OF HUR.
1. the sons of Judah--that is, "the descendants," for with the exception of Pharez, none of those here mentioned were his immediate sons. Indeed, the others are mentioned solely to introduce the name of Shobal, whose genealogy the historian intended to trace
(1Ch 2:52).
9
1Ch 4:9-20.
1Ch 4:9-20.
雅比斯及其祷告
9, 10. 雅比斯——许多人认为他是哥斯或基纳斯的儿子,此处因其真诚而热切的敬虔受赞,或许也因他所行的某些公益爱国之举。犹太作者称他是律法的著名博士,声名远播,吸引众多文士聚集其侧,以致有一城以他得名
(1Ch 2:55);
本段经文对其敬虔品格作了充分见证。他出生时危急境况的回忆,铭刻在他的名字之中
(参
Ge 35:15);
然而在他日后高尚才干或卓越品德的展现中,他母亲必已寻得满足与喜乐,足以为她早年的苦难作出补偿。此处所记他的祷告,与雅各的一样,乃以许愿的形式发出
(Ge 28:20),
似乎是他即将承担一项重要或关键任务之时所献,他既不靠自己也不靠百姓的勇武来成就此事,而是切切仰望神的帮助与赐福。这一事业极可能是将迦南人从他所得的地业中逐出;这既是神亲自吩咐的灭绝之战,他的祈求便更合理地期望神的赐福——保守他免受此举可能招致的一切灾祸。「免得我遭患难」一语,更字面地可译为「使我不致再有忧愁」,暗指他名字雅比斯的含义——「忧愁」;这一祈求的要旨是:求不要让我经历我名字所暗示、而我的罪也足以招致的忧愁。
英文原文
1Ch 4:9-20.
OF JABEZ, AND HIS PRAYER.
9, 10. Jabez--was, as many think, the son of Coz, or Kenaz, and is here eulogized for his sincere and fervent piety, as well, perhaps, as for some public and patriotic works which he performed. The Jewish writers affirm that he was an eminent doctor in the law, whose reputation drew so many scribes around him that a town was called by his name
(1Ch 2:55);
and to the piety of his character this passage bears ample testimony. The memory of the critical circumstances which marked his birth was perpetuated in his name (compare
Ge 35:15);
and yet, in the development of his high talents or distinguished worth in later life, his mother must have found a satisfaction and delight that amply compensated for all her early trials. His prayer which is here recorded, and which, like Jacob's, is in the form of a vow
(Ge 28:20),
seems to have been uttered when he was entering on an important or critical service, for the successful execution of which he placed confidence neither on his own nor his people's prowess, but looked anxiously for the aid and blessing of God. The enterprise was in all probability the expulsion of the Canaanites from the territory he occupied; and as this was a war of extermination, which God Himself had commanded, His blessing could be the more reasonably asked and expected in preserving them from all the evils to which the undertaking might expose him. In these words, "that it may not grieve me," and which might be more literally rendered, "that I may have no more sorrow," there is an allusion to the meaning of his name, Jabez, signifying "grief"; and the import of this petition is, Let me not experience the grief which my name implies, and which my sins may well produce.
10
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10. 神就应允他所求的——无论激起他焦虑的是何种事业,雅比斯都享有非凡的昌盛;神在此事上证明他不仅是垂听祷告的,更是应允祷告的。
英文原文
10. God granted him that which he requested--Whatever was the kind of undertaking which roused his anxieties, Jabez enjoyed a remarkable degree of prosperity, and God, in this instance, proved that He was not only the hearer, but the answerer of prayer.
13
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13. 基纳斯的儿子——即迦勒的祖父,迦勒因此关系被称为基尼洗人
(Nu 32:12)。
英文原文
13. the sons of Kenaz--the grandfather of Caleb, who from that relationship is called a Kenezite
(Nu 32:12).
14
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14. 约押,基列耶琳谷之父——字面作「谷中居民之父」——该词意为「工匠谷」。他们聚居一处,这在东方各国不待法律规定便已广泛盛行:同行之人居住于同一条街或同一个街区,子承父业,世代相传。他们的职业大概是木匠,所居之谷似乎在耶路撒冷附近
(Ne 11:35)。
英文原文
14. Joab, the father of the valley of Carashim--literally, "the father of the inhabitants of the valley"--"the valley of craftsmen," as the word denotes. They dwelt together, according to a custom which, independently of any law, extensively prevails in Eastern countries for persons of the same trade to inhabit the same street or the same quarter, and to follow the same occupation from father to son, through many generations. Their occupation was probably that of carpenters, and the valley where they lived seems to have been in the neighborhood of Jerusalem
(Ne 11:35).
17
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17, 18. 她生了米利暗——按经文现状,很难看出所指何人。以下经文的重新整理可消除这一晦涩:「这些都是法老女儿比提雅的儿子,米列娶了她,她生米利暗;他的妻犹大妇耶西列」,等等。
英文原文
17, 18. she bare Miriam--It is difficult, as the verses stand at present, to see who is meant. The following readjustment of the text clears away the obscurity: "These are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took, and she bare Miriam, and his wife Jehudijah bare Jezreel," &c.
18
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18. 犹大妇——「犹大女子」,为与他另一个埃及妻子相区别。本段记载了一项很有趣的事实——一位埃及公主与迦勒后裔的婚配。这婚姻必是在旷野中缔结的。不同民族语言与民族宗教的壁垒使希伯来人与埃及人保持分隔;但并未完全阻止两国民间私人的亲密交往,乃至偶尔的互通婚姻。然而,这种结合要获认可,埃及一方必须弃绝偶像;从她的名字看来,这位法老的女儿已归依以色列神的敬拜。
英文原文
18. Jehudijah--"the Jewess," to distinguish her from his other wife, who was an Egyptian. This passage records a very interesting fact--the marriage of an Egyptian princess to a descendant of Caleb. The marriage must have taken place in the wilderness. The barriers of a different national language and national religion kept the Hebrews separate from the Egyptians; but they did not wholly prevent intimacies, and even occasional intermarriages between private individuals of the two nations. Before such unions, however, could be sanctioned, the Egyptian party must have renounced idolatry, and this daughter of Pharaoh, as appears from her name, had become a convert to the worship of the God of Israel.
21
1Ch 4:21-23.
1Ch 4:21-23.
示拉的后裔
21. 拉大……是织细麻布各家的父——此处又一次偶然地证明,在很早的时期,希伯来人中某些行业由特定家族世代相传地经营。他们织造麻布的技艺大概是在埃及学得的,在埃及,让子女继承祖辈的职业是一项强制性的义务;而在以色列,如同亚洲许多地区至今一样,这是出于自愿,尽管相当普遍。
英文原文
1Ch 4:21-23.
POSTERITY OF SHELAH.
21. Laadah . . . the father . . . of the house of them that wrought fine linen--Here, again, is another incidental evidence that in very early times certain trades were followed by particular families among the Hebrews, apparently in hereditary succession. Their knowledge of the art of linen manufacture had been, most probably, acquired in Egypt, where the duty of bringing up families to the occupations of their forefathers was a compulsory obligation, whereas in Israel, as in many parts of Asia to this day, it was optional, though common.
22
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22, 23. 在摩押掌权,雅书比利恒——「这些都是古时的记载」作为专有名词的译法似乎很奇怪;况且其含义与本记录毫无关系。有人建议以下改良的译法:「寄居摩押,后归伯利恒与亚达伯林亚提斤。这些人与尼他音和基得拉的居民,都是王所雇用从事自己工程的陶匠。」基得拉或基得罗,以及尼他音,属犹大支派,位于非利士领土的东南边境
(Jos 15:36; 2Ch 28:18)。
英文原文
22, 23. had the dominion in Moab, and Jashubi-lehem--"And these are ancient things" seems a strange rendering of a proper name; and, besides, it conveys a meaning that has no bearing on the record. The following improved translation has been suggested: "Sojourned in Moab, but returned to Beth-lehem and Adaberim-athekim. These and the inhabitants of Netaim and Gedera were potters employed by the king in his own work." Gedera or Gederoth, and Netaim, belonged to the tribe of Judah, and lay on the southeast border of the Philistines' territory
(Jos 15:36; 2Ch 28:18).
24
1Ch 4:24-43.
1Ch 4:24-43.
西缅
24. 西缅的儿子——他们与犹大的后裔同列,因其地业部分取自后者广大的领土
(Jos 19:1)。
此处所给家谱与别处经文在若干细节上的差异,是由于所提及的某些人不止有一个名字
[参
Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12]。
英文原文
1Ch 4:24-43.
OF SIMEON.
24. The sons of Simeon--They are classed along with those of Judah, as their possession was partly taken out of the extensive territory of the latter
(Jos 19:1).
The difference in several particulars of the genealogy given here from that given in other passages is occasioned by some of the persons mentioned having more than one name [compare
Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12].
27
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27. 他的弟兄没有许多儿女——(见
Nu 1:22; 26:14)。
英文原文
27. his brethren had not many children--(see
Nu 1:22; 26:14).
31
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31-43. 这些城邑直到大卫作王的时候都是他们的——由于西缅人的怠惰或懦怯,他们分得之地业内有些城邑只是名义上属他们。这些城邑直到大卫时代才从非利士人手中夺取;西缅人既已丧失对它们的一切权利,他便将之分给自己的犹大支派
(1Sa 27:6)。
英文原文
31-43. These were their cities unto the reign of David--In consequence of the sloth or cowardice of the Simeonites, some of the cities within their allotted territory were only nominally theirs. They were never taken from the Philistines until David's time, when, the Simeonites having forfeited all claim to them, he assigned them to his own tribe of Judah
(1Sa 27:6).
38
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38, 39. 族大人多,他们往基多珥的入口——西缅既只占犹大地业的一部分,便被迫另觅居处;但他们在基得珥新而肥沃的牧场上建立的居处不久便被打散;因为他们遭到一群游牧劫匪的攻击,被逐得到处流亡,直到其中一些人以武力在西珥山定居下来。
英文原文
38, 39. increased greatly, and they went to the entrance of Gedor--Simeon having only a part of the land of Judah, they were forced to seek accommodation elsewhere; but their establishment in the new and fertile pastures of Gederah was soon broken up; for, being attacked by a band of nomad plunderers, they were driven from place to place till some of them effected by force a settlement on Mount Seir.
1Ch 4:1-8.
犹大藉着户珥之子迦勒的后裔
1. 犹大的儿子——即「后裔」,因为除了法勒斯以外,此处所提及的人没有一个是他的亲生子。事实上,提及其他人只是为了引出朔巴(Shobal)的名字,这位历史学家正要追溯他的家谱
(1Ch 2:52)。