1
2Ch 25:1-4.
英文原文
2Ch 25:1-4.
AMAZIAH BEGINS TO REIGN WELL.
1. Amaziah was twenty and five years old, &c.--(See
2Ki 14:1-6).
5
2Ch 25:5-10.
2Ch 25:5-10.
他以雇来的以色列军攻打以东人，因先知之命损失一百他连得并遣散之
5. 亚玛谢……设立军长等——凡能拿兵器的人都有服役之责，故在编造名册时，按各人所属的家族分类，并为每一支队伍从同一地区任命军官，原是十分自然的事；因此组成一个军团的所有兵士都是兄弟、亲属、朋友。希伯来军队就是这样紧密相连，有强烈的动机保持阵形的稳固。
拣选精兵三十万——这只是约沙法军队
(2Ch 17:14-19)
的四分之一，可见犹大国在八十二年间因外战以及内部腐败，人口衰减之惨。但亚玛谢兵员的全部数额未必尽述于此。
英文原文
2Ch 25:5-10.
HAVING HIRED AN ARMY OF ISRAELITES AGAINST THE EDOMITES, AT THE WORD OF A PROPHET HE LOSES A HUNDRED TALENTS AND DISMISSES THEM.
5. Amaziah . . . made captains, &c.--As all who were capable of bearing arms were liable to serve, it was quite natural in making up the muster-roll to class them according to their respective families and to appoint the officers of each corps from the same quarter; so that all the soldiers who formed a regiment were brothers, relatives, friends. Thus the Hebrew troops were closely linked together, and had strong inducements to keep steady in their ranks.
found them three hundred thousand choice men--This was only a fourth part of Jehoshaphat's army
(2Ch 17:14-19),
showing how sadly the kingdom of Judah had, in the space of eighty-two years, been reduced in population by foreign wars, no less than by internal corruptions. But the full amount of Amaziah's troops may not be here stated.
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6. 他又用一百他连得银子，雇了十万大能的勇士——这笔银子是缴入约哈斯的国库的——并非作为雇佣兵的赏金，因为他们有义务在君王征召时服役；他们的报酬只在于可能掳获的战利品。这笔款项约合英镑五万镑，每人约十先令，包括军官在内——与本国所发士兵的赏金相比，实在微薄。但须记得古时战役为期不长，服役的危险也相对较小。
英文原文
6. He hired also an hundred thousand mighty men of valour . . . for an hundred talents of silver--This sum was paid into the treasury of Jehoahaz--not given as bounty to the mercenaries who were obliged to serve at the sovereign's call; their remuneration consisting only in the booty they might obtain. It was about £50,000 sterling, being 10s. per man, including officers--a very paltry pay, compared with the bounty given for a soldier in this country. But it must be remembered that in ancient times campaigns were short and the hazards of the service comparatively small.
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7, 8. 有一个神人来——奉差遣来劝阻亚玛谢所行的路，理由是「耶和华不与以色列人同在」。这话对王而言完全明白。但很久以后写史的史家认为这话可能需要解释，于是加上注解：「和以法莲的众子。」偶像崇拜早已是该王国盛行的宗教，而以法莲是其大本营。至于先知劝言的另一部分
(2Ch 25:8)，
照经文现在的样子，颇有晦涩之处；因此一些优秀的学者建议在中间分句中加一「不」字，全节便作：「你若〔单独〕要去，就去，奋勇作战吧；神必不使你在敌人面前仆倒。」
英文原文
7, 8. there came a man of God--sent to dissuade Amaziah from the course he was following, on the ground that "the Lord is not with Israel." This statement was perfectly intelligible to the king. But the historian, writing long after, thought it might require explanation, and therefore added the comment, "with all the children of Ephraim." Idolatry had long been the prevailing religion in that kingdom, and Ephraim its headquarters. As to the other part of the prophet's advice
(2Ch 25:8),
considerable obscurity hangs over it, as the text stands; and hence some able critics have suggested the insertion of "not" in the middle clause, so that the verse will be thus: "But if thou wilt go [alone], do, be strong for the battle; God shall not make thee fall before the enemy."
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10. 将他们……以法莲的军兵……分别出来……他们的怒气向犹大发作——亚玛谢既知自己作为耶和华代理人的地位，便依从先知的劝告，情愿损失雇用以色列兵丁的银钱，将他们遣散。他们因这待遇大为愤怒，决意要为自己所失的预期战利品寻求补偿，于是在归途上劫掠沿途一切城镇，大肆杀人毁物，畅通无阻，因为犹大王和他的军队已经出征去了
(2Ki 14:7)。
英文原文
10. separated them . . . the army . . . out of Ephraim . . . their anger was greatly kindled against Judah--Amaziah, who knew his position as the Lord's viceroy, complied with the prophet's counsel, and, consenting to forfeit the purchase money of the Israelitish soldiers, discharged them. Exasperated at this treatment, they resolved to indemnify themselves for the loss of their expected booty, and so on their return home they plundered all the towns in their way, committing great havoc both of life and property without any stoppage, as the king of Judah and his army had set out on their expedition
(2Ki 14:7).
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11. 盐谷——这峡谷位于死海以南。亚玛谢因顺服神旨，其军兵大获全胜——一万以东人在战场上被杀，另有同样数目的人被俘，被「从崖顶」抛下而死
[2Ch 25:12]。
这崖也许在战场附近，但更可能它是 selah（即以东的首都）那些高耸崎岖的悬崖之一——亚玛谢从盐谷径直进军那里，并将其攻取
(2Ki 14:7)。
对他们所施的野蛮残忍，要么是为希伯来人所受的类似暴行报仇，要么是为使这叛逆之民日后畏惧。这种以摔在石头上
(Ps 137:9)
处死的方式，在许多古国中都常见。
英文原文
11. valley of salt--This ravine lies to the south of the Dead Sea. The arms of Amaziah, in reward for his obedience to the divine will, were crowned with victory--ten thousand of the Edomites were slain on the field, and as many taken prisoners, who were put to death by precipitation "from the top of the rock"
[2Ch 25:12].
This rock might be situated in the neighborhood of the battlefield, but more probably it formed one of the high craggy cliffs of Selah (Petra), the capital of the Edomites, whither Amaziah marched directly from the Valley of Salt, and which he captured
(2Ki 14:7).
The savage cruelty dealt out to them was either in retaliation for similar barbarities inflicted on the Hebrews, or to strike terror into so rebellious a people for the future. The mode of execution, by dashing against stones
(Ps 137:9),
was common among many ancient nations.
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14-16. 亚玛谢……带了西珥人的神像——以东人在不同形式下、以各种礼仪敬拜日头。但在祭坛上烧香是敬拜的主要举动，而这正是亚玛谢被描述为以荒唐的痴迷所行的事。无论是他被那些神像的华美所迷，还是指望借尊崇这些神来平息他们因其征服并苛待其信众而生的怒气，他在耶路撒冷设立这些敬拜之物，都是愚昧无知的，并且大大得罪神；神便差遣一位先知责备他的背道，并警告他不久之后将临到他的灾祸。
英文原文
14-16. Amaziah . . . brought the gods of the children of Seir--The Edomites worshipped the sun under different forms and with various rites. But burning incense upon altars was a principal act of worship, and this was the very thing Amaziah is described as having with strange infatuation performed. Whether he had been captivated with the beauty of the images, or hoped by honoring the gods to disarm their spite at him for his conquest and harsh treatment of their votaries, his conduct in establishing these objects of religious homage in Jerusalem was foolish, ignorant, and highly offensive to God, who commissioned a prophet to rebuke him for his apostasy, and threaten him with the calamity that soon after befell him.
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16. 他正与先知说话的时候等——凡受先知之职分的人都有权劝谏君王。亚玛谢若不是因逆耳的真理而动怒，本应承认这位先知所求；这先知大概就是在与以东之战以前曾给他进言的同一位。但胜利使他得意忘形、目眩心盲。
英文原文
16. as he talked with him, &c.--Those who were invested with the prophetic character were entitled to counsel kings. Amaziah, had he not been offended by unwelcome truths, would have admitted the claim of this prophet, who was probably the same that had given him counsel previous to the war with Edom. But victory had elated and blinded him.
17
2Ch 25:17.
2Ch 25:17.
他挑衅约阿施以致倾覆
17. 亚玛谢……差遣使者去见约阿施……你来，我们彼此见面吧——（参看
2Ki 14:8-20
的注释）。
英文原文
2Ch 25:17.
HE PROVOKES JOASH TO HIS OVERTHROW.
17. Then Amaziah . . . sent to Joash . . . Come, let us see one another in the face--(See on
2Ki 14:8-20).
2Ch 25:1-4.
亚玛谢初登基时行善
1. 亚玛谢登基的时候年二十五岁等——（参
2Ki 14:1-6）。