1
2Ch 3:1, 2.
英文原文
2Ch 3:1, 2.
PLACE AND TIME OF BUILDING THE TEMPLE.
1. Mount Moriah, where the Lord appeared unto David--These words seem to intimate that the region where the temple was built was previously known by the name of Moriah
(Ge 22:2),
and do not afford sufficient evidence for affirming, as has been done [STANLEY], that the name was first given to the mount, in consequence of the vision seen by David. Mount Moriah was one summit of a range of hills which went under the general name of Zion. The platform of the temple is now, and has long been, occupied by the haram, or sacred enclosure, within which stand the three mosques of Omar (the smallest), of El Aksa, which in early times was a Christian church, and of Kubbet el Sakhara, "The dome of the rock," so called from a huge block of limestone rock in the center of the floor, which, it is supposed, formed the elevated threshing-floor of Araunah, and on which the great brazen altar stood. The site of the temple, then, is so far established for an almost universal belief is entertained in the authenticity of the tradition regarding the rock El Sakhara; and it has also been conclusively proved that the area of the temple was identical on its western, eastern, and southern sides with the present enclosure of the haram [ROBINSON]. "That the temple was situated somewhere within the oblong enclosure on Mount Moriah, all topographers are agreed, although there is not the slightest vestige of the sacred fane now remaining; and the greatest diversity of sentiment prevails as to its exact position within that large area, whether in the center of the haram, or in its southwest corner" [BARCLAY]. Moreover, the full extent of the temple area is a problem that remains to be solved, for the platform of Mount Moriah being too narrow for the extensive buildings and courts attached to the sacred edifice, Solomon resorted to artificial means of enlarging and levelling it, by erecting vaults, which, as JOSEPHUS states, rested on immense earthen mounds raised from the slope of the hill. It should be borne in mind at the outset that the grandeur of the temple did not consist in its colossal structure so much as in its internal splendor, and the vast courts and buildings attached to it. It was not intended for the reception of a worshipping assembly, for the people always stood in the outer courts of the sanctuary.
3
2Ch 3:3-7.
2Ch 3:3-7.
殿的尺寸与装饰
3. 所罗门建神殿的尺寸如此——乃根据他父亲交给他的书面图则与规格。尺寸按肘尺计算，「按古时的尺度」，即摩西时代的旧标准。但对此众说纷纭，有人以肘尺为十八英寸，有人则以为二十一英寸。圣殿以更坚固耐久的材料体现了会幕的基本形制（只是大小加倍），是一座长方形建筑：东西长七十肘，南北宽二十肘。
英文原文
2Ch 3:3-7.
MEASURES AND ORNAMENTS OF THE HOUSE.
3. these are the things wherein Solomon was instructed for the building of the house of God--by the written plan and specifications given him by his father. The measurements are reckoned by cubits, "after the first measure," that is, the old Mosaic standard. But there is great difference of opinion about this, some making the cubit eighteen, others twenty-one inches. The temple, which embodied in more solid and durable materials the ground-form of the tabernacle (only being twice as large), was a rectangular building, seventy cubits long from east to west, and twenty cubits wide from north to south.
4
无标题
4. 廊子——殿的宽度（殿的长度为自东向西）在此被用为廊子长度的尺度。如此廊子长约三十至三十五英尺，宽约十五至十七英尺半。
高一百二十肘——若以一肘为十八英寸，则高一百八十英尺；若以二十一英寸计，则高二百一十英尺；因此这廊子当如塔楼，或如两座金字塔形的塔楼，其合高为一百二十肘，各高约九十至一百零五英尺 [施蒂格利茨（STIEGLITZ）]。 这样的廊子便类似科尔萨巴德（Khorsabad）宫殿的塔门 [拉亚德（LAYARD）]，或埃德富（Edfou）神庙的塔门。
英文原文
4. the porch--The breadth of the house, whose length ran from east to west, is here given as the measure of the length of the piazza. The portico would thus be from thirty to thirty-five feet long, and from fifteen to seventeen and a half feet broad.
the height was an hundred and twenty cubits--This, taking the cubit at eighteen inches, would be one hundred eighty feet; at twenty-one inches, two hundred ten feet; so that the porch would rise in the form of a tower, or two pyramidal towers, whose united height was one hundred twenty cubits, and each of them about ninety or one hundred five feet high [STIEGLITZ]. This porch would thus be like the propylæum or gateway of the palace of Khorsabad [LAYARD], or at the temple of Edfou.
5
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5. 大殿——即圣所，前面的外殿（参
1Ki 6:17）。
英文原文
5. the greater house--that is, the holy places, the front or outer chamber (see
1Ki 6:17).
6
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6. 他用宝贵的石头装饰这殿，使其华美——更佳的译法是：他用宝贵华美的大理石铺殿之地 [基托（KITTO）]。也许这些终究是带有各色纹理、用以装饰墙壁的石头。这是一种古老而地道的东方装饰方式。其下有一层大理石的铺石，上面铺以松木板。整个内部都以木板镶嵌，并加以精雕细琢的雕刻装饰，有叶簇与花朵的图案，其中石榴和莲花（睡莲）尤为显目；除地板外，全部以金包裹，或贴金箔，或用金版
(1Ki 6:1-38)。
英文原文
6. he garnished the house with precious stones for beauty--better, he paved the house with precious and beautiful marble [KITTO]. It may be, after all, that these were stones with veins of different colors for decorating the walls. This was an ancient and thoroughly Oriental kind of embellishment. There was an under pavement of marble, which was covered with planks of fir. The whole interior was lined with boards, richly decorated with carved work, clusters of foliage and flowers, among which the pomegranate and lotus (or water-lily) were conspicuous; and overlaid, excepting the floor, with gold, either by gilding or in plates
(1Ki 6:1-38).
8
2Ch 3:8-13.
2Ch 3:8-13.
至圣所的尺寸等
8. 至圣所——它是一个完整的立方体（参
1Ki 6:20）。
贴上……金子，共六百他连得——按每盎司 4 镑计，合 3,600,000 镑。
英文原文
2Ch 3:8-13.
DIMENSIONS, &C., OF THE MOST HOLY HOUSE.
8. the most holy house--It was a perfect cube (compare
1Ki 6:20).
overlaid it with . . . gold, amounting to six hundred talents--at £4 per ounce, equal to £3,600,000.
10
无标题
10-13. 两个基路伯——会幕中的这些像乃是纯金所造
(Ex 25:1-40)，
其翅膀遮掩施恩座。圣殿中所放的两个则是用橄榄木制造，外包金子。它们体型巨大，如亚述的雕像；每一个展开双翅，所占空间高、长各十肘——两翅彼此相接，另两翅触及对面墙壁；它们的面孔朝内，即朝向至圣所，这与它们的功用相符——遮掩约柜。
英文原文
10-13. two cherubims--These figures in the tabernacle were of pure gold
(Ex 25:1-40)
and overshadowed the mercy seat. The two placed in the temple were made of olive wood, overlaid with gold. They were of colossal size, like the Assyrian sculptures; for each, with expanded wings, covered a space of ten cubits in height and length--two wings touched each other, while the other two reached the opposite walls; their faces were inward, that is, towards the most holy house, conformably to their use, which was to veil the ark.
14
2Ch 3:14-17.
2Ch 3:14-17.
幔子和柱子
（参
1Ki 6:21）。
此处给出的是合高；虽然精确尺寸应为三十六肘，但每根柱子只有十七肘半，因柱顶或柱座占了半肘。它们大概是按在模中尚未竖起、并放在一起时的样子来描述的 [普尔（POOLE）]。其周径约十八至二十一英尺，高四十英尺。这些柱子——也有人称之为方尖碑——装饰华丽，构成与圣殿华丽内部相称的门面。
英文原文
2Ch 3:14-17.
VEIL AND PILLARS
(see
1Ki 6:21).
The united height is here given; and though the exact dimensions would be thirty-six cubits, each column was only seventeen cubits and a half, a half cubit being taken up by the capital or the base. They were probably described as they were lying together in the mould before they were set up [POOLE]. They would be from eighteen to twenty-one feet in circumference, and stand forty feet in height. These pillars, or obelisks, as some call them, were highly ornamented, and formed an entrance in keeping with the splendid interior of the temple.
2Ch 3:1, 2.
建造圣殿的地点与时间
1. 摩利亚山，就是耶和华向大卫显现的地方——这些话似乎暗示，建殿的所在原先就以摩利亚之名而为人所知
(Ge 22:2)，
并不足以证明——如有人所主张的那样 [斯坦利（STANLEY）]——这名字是因大卫所见之异象才首次加给此山的。摩利亚山是统称为锡安的连绵山脉中的一座山峰。如今殿的平台——并且长久以来一直如此——为「禁地」（haram，即圣殿区的围地）所占，区内有三座清真寺：奥马尔寺（Omar，最小的一座）、阿克萨寺（El Aksa，在早期曾是一座基督教教堂），以及「库贝特·萨赫拉」（Kubbet el Sakhara），即「磐石圆顶殿」，因堂中地板中央有一块巨大石灰岩而得名；据推测，这块磐石就是亚劳拿那高处的打谷场，大铜坛就立在其上。因此，圣殿的遗址可以说在这一点上已基本确定，因为人们几乎普遍相信关于萨赫拉磐石（El Sakhara）这一传统的真实性；并且也已确凿证明，圣殿的面积在西、东、南三面与今日禁地的范围完全吻合 [罗宾逊（ROBINSON）]。 「圣殿位于摩利亚山那块长方形围地之内某处，这是所有地理学者所公认的，尽管如今已无丝毫圣迹存留；至于它在那片广大区域内确切的位置究竟是在禁地的中央，还是在其西南角，则众说纷纭、意见分歧」[巴克莱（BARCLAY）]。此外，圣殿区域的确切范围也是一个尚待解决的问题，因为摩利亚山的台地对于这座圣殿及其附属的众多建筑和院宇来说过于狭窄；所罗门于是采用人工的方法加以扩展和平整，建造了一些拱顶地下室，正如约瑟夫（JOSEPHUS）所述，这些拱顶支撑在从山坡上垒起的大片土墩之上。首先应当记住的是：圣殿之所以宏伟，与其说在于其巨大的结构，不如说在于其内部的华美，以及附属于它的广大院宇和建筑物。它本不是为容纳敬拜的会众而设，因为百姓向来都是站在圣所的外院之中。