1
2Sa 1:1-16.
英文原文
2Sa 1:1-16.
AN AMALEKITE BRINGS TIDINGS OF SAUL'S DEATH.
1. David had abode two days in Ziklag--Though greatly reduced by the Amalekite incendiaries, that town was not so completely sacked and destroyed, but David and his six hundred followers, with their families, could still find some accommodation.
2
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2-12. 有一个人从扫罗的营里出来——前一章所记扫罗之死的事既出于灵感，便当视为真实的记述；而那亚玛力人的话则是他自己编造的谎言，为要在王位假定继承人大卫面前讨好。大卫所问「事情怎样了？」显明他对战事的深切关注，这关注源于高尚而慷慨的爱国之心，并非出于野心。然而那亚玛力人却断定他是出于私心，便编造了一个既不合情理又自相矛盾的故事，以为这样可以得着赏赐。他大概目睹了扫罗自尽的一幕，便想借此为自己谋利，结果因这大错特错的算计而付出了生命的代价（将
撒下1:9
与撒上31:4、5相比较）。
英文原文
2-12. a man came out of the camp from Saul--As the narrative of Saul's death, given in the last chapter, is inspired, it must be considered the true account, and the Amalekite's story a fiction of his own, invented to ingratiate himself with David, the presumptive successor to the throne. David's question, "How went the matter?" evinces the deep interest he took in the war, an interest that sprang from feelings of high and generous patriotism, not from views of ambition. The Amalekite, however, judging him to be actuated by a selfish principle, fabricated a story improbable and inconsistent, which he thought would procure him a reward. Having probably witnessed the suicidal act of Saul, he thought of turning it to his own account, and suffered the penalty of his grievously mistaken calculation (compare
2Sa 1:9 with 1Sa 31:4, 5).
10
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10. 头上的冠冕——一种小型的金属帽或花环，环绕两鬓，起头盔的作用，前面有一个很小的角突出，作为权力的象征。
他臂上的镯子——戴在肘以上的臂环；是古老的王室尊严标志。至今某些东方国家的君王仍佩戴它。
英文原文
10. the crown--a small metallic cap or wreath, which encircled the temples, serving the purpose of a helmet, with a very small horn projecting in front, as the emblem of power.
the bracelet that was on his arm--the armlet worn above the elbow; an ancient mark of royal dignity. It is still worn by kings in some Eastern countries.
13
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13-15. 大卫对少年人说……你是哪里人？——那人起先已说明了自己的身份。但现在这问题是正式而司法性地提出的。对那亚玛力人所施的刑罚似乎过重，但西方对君王的敬意不可当作东方对王室地位所当有敬意的标准。大卫对扫罗作为耶和华受膏者的敬畏，是他曾在多次大试炼中忠实地持守的一个原则。在当前的情势下，公开他的这一原则尤其重要；而使自己免于被视为在弑君这一可憎之罪上有任何瓜葛的嫌疑，既是一位义士的本分，也是一位精明政治家的手腕。
英文原文
13-15. David said unto the young man . . . Whence art thou?--The man had at the outset stated who he was. But the question was now formally and judicially put. The punishment inflicted on the Amalekite may seem too severe, but the respect paid to kings in the West must not be regarded as the standard for that which the East may think due to royal station. David's reverence for Saul, as the Lord's anointed, was in his mind a principle on which he had faithfully acted on several occasions of great temptation. In present circumstances it was especially important that his principle should be publicly known; and to free himself from the imputation of being in any way accessory to the execrable crime of regicide was the part of a righteous judge, no less than of a good politician.
17
2Sa 1:17-27.
2Sa 1:17-27.
大卫为扫罗和约拿单作哀歌。
17、18. 大卫作哀歌哀悼他们——东方人历来有此风俗，在伟大的君王和勇士死后，以挽歌颂扬他们的品德和事迹。这首无与伦比的动人挽歌，许多学者认为后来成了民族的战歌，并以「弓」为名教给年轻的以色列人；这符合希伯来以及许多古典作家以诗歌的主旨来为诗歌命名的惯例
（诗22:1；56:1；60:1；80:1；100:1）。
「教导」二字虽是我们的译者所加，却也未尝不可加入，因为这一括号中的经文，其自然的意思是：大卫立即采取措施教导百姓射箭的知识和技艺，因为他们在这一军备上远逊于敌人，这正是近来国难的主因。
英文原文
2Sa 1:17-27.
DAVID LAMENTS SAUL AND JONATHAN.
17, 18. David lamented with this lamentation--It has always been customary for Eastern people, on the death of great kings and warriors, to celebrate their qualities and deeds in funeral songs. This inimitable pathetic elegy is supposed by many writers to have become a national war song, and to have been taught to the young Israelites under the name of "The Bow," in conformity with the practice of Hebrew and many classical writers in giving titles to their songs from the principal theme
(Ps 22:1; 56:1; 60:1; 80:1; 100:1).
Although the words "the use of" are a supplement by our translators, they may be rightly introduced, for the natural sense of this parenthetical verse is, that David took immediate measures for instructing the people in the knowledge and practice of archery, their great inferiority to the enemy in this military arm having been the main cause of the late national disaster.
19
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19. 以色列的荣耀在你高处被杀——按原文是「以色列的羚羊」。在东方各国，那动物是优美和体态匀称的典型象征。
大英雄何竟死亡！——这构成副歌。
英文原文
19. The beauty of Israel is slain upon thy high places--literally, "the gazelle" or "antelope of Israel." In Eastern countries, that animal is the chosen type of beauty and symmetrical elegance of form.
how are the mighty fallen!--This forms the chorus.
21
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21. 基利波山哪，愿你那里没有雨露——在那些古时耕种的山上，使谷物丰收初熟之果的温和气候一旦被夺去，便被视为诗人那破碎之心所能想象的最大灾祸。这咒诅似乎至今仍在其上；因为基利波山至今光秃贫瘠。
英雄的盾牌，竟然被弃——丢弃盾牌被视为全国的耻辱。然而在吉甲那场致命的战役中，许多从前在以往的战役中表现英勇不屈的犹太兵士，竟忘记了自己的名声和国家的荣誉，丢掉盾牌，从战场上逃跑了。这可耻而懦怯的行为，被以极其动人的哀婉笔调所提及。
英文原文
21. let there be no dew, neither let there be rain--To be deprived of the genial atmospheric influences which, in those anciently cultivated hills, seem to have reared plenty of first-fruits in the corn harvests, was specified as the greatest calamity the lacerated feelings of the poet could imagine. The curse seems still to lie upon them; for the mountains of Gilboa are naked and sterile.
the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away--To cast away the shield was counted a national disgrace. Yet, on that fatal battle of Gilboa, many of the Jewish soldiers, who had displayed unflinching valor in former battles, forgetful of their own reputation and their country's honor, threw away their shields and fled from the field. This dishonorable and cowardly conduct is alluded to with exquisitely touching pathos.
24
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24-27. 以色列的女子啊，当为扫罗哭号。他曾使你们穿朱红色的美衣等等——古代东方女子对衣裳的喜爱，至今仍是她们的特征。这表现在她们喜爱鲜艳、欢快、多样的颜色，大量炫耀饰物，以及其他种种形式。诗人内心深处的情感被触动，他那仁厚的性情也表现在他热切地想要颂扬扫罗以及约拿单的美德上。但后者乃是他这首诗的重心，全诗以那位卓越的王子为始，也以他为终。
英文原文
24-27. Ye daughters of Israel, weep over Saul, who clothed you in scarlet, with other delights, &c.--The fondness for dress, which anciently distinguished Oriental women, is their characteristic still. It appears in their love of bright, gay, and divers colors, in profuse display of ornaments, and in various other forms. The inmost depths of the poet's feeling are stirred, and his amiable disposition appears in the strong desire to celebrate the good qualities of Saul, as well as Jonathan. But the praises of the latter form the burden of the poem, which begins and ends with that excellent prince.
2Sa 1:1-16.
亚玛力人报扫罗死讯。
1. 大卫在洗革拉住了两天——虽然那城被亚玛力人纵火焚掠，损失惨重，却并未被完全劫毁，以致大卫和他的六百随从及其家眷仍能在此找到一些安身之处。