1
De 30:1-10.
英文原文
De 30:1-10.
GREAT MERCIES PROMISED UNTO THE PENITENT.
1-10. when all these things are come upon thee, . . . and thou shalt return . . . then the Lord thy God will turn thy captivity--The hopes of the Hebrew people are ardently directed to this promise, and they confidently expect that God, commiserating their forlorn and fallen condition, will yet rescue them from all the evils of their long dispersion. They do not consider the promise as fulfilled by their restoration from the captivity in Babylon, for Israel was not then scattered in the manner here described--"among all the nations," "unto the utmost parts of heaven"
(De 30:4).
When God recalled them from that bondage, all the Israelites were not brought back. They were not multiplied above their fathers
(De 30:5),
nor were their hearts and those of their children circumcised to love the Lord
(De 30:6).
It is not, therefore, of the Babylonish captivity that Moses was speaking in this passage; it must be of the dispersed state to which they have been doomed for eighteen hundred years. This prediction may have been partially accomplished on the return of the Israelites from Babylon; for, according to the structure and design of Scripture prophecy, it may have pointed to several similar eras in their national history; and this view is sanctioned by the prayer of Nehemiah
(Ne 1:8, 9).
But undoubtedly it will receive its full and complete accomplishment in the conversion of the Jews to the Gospel of Christ. At the restoration from the Babylonish captivity, that people were changed in many respects for the better. They were completely weaned from idolatry; and this outward reformation was a prelude to the higher attainments they are destined to reach in the age of Messiah, "when the Lord God will circumcise their hearts and the hearts of their seed to love the Lord." The course pointed out seems clearly to be this: that the hearts of the Hebrew people shall be circumcised
(Col 2:2);
in other words, by the combined influences of the Word and spirit of God, their hearts will be touched and purified from all their superstition and unbelief. They will be converted to the faith of Jesus Christ as their Messiah--a spiritual deliverer, and the effect of their conversion will be that they will return and obey the voice (the Gospel, the evangelical law) of the Lord. The words may be interpreted either wholly in a spiritual sense
(Joh 11:51, 52),
or, as many think, in a literal sense also
(Ro 11:1-36).
They will be recalled from all places of the dispersion to their own land and enjoy the highest prosperity. The mercies and favors of a bountiful Providence will not then be abused as formerly
(De 31:20; 32:15).
They will be received in a better spirit and employed to nobler purposes. They will be happy, "for the Lord will again rejoice over them for good, as He rejoiced over their fathers."
11
De 30:11-14.
申 30:11-14.
这诫命是显明的。
11-14. 这诫命……不是隐藏的……也不是离你远的——摩西所讲论的那爱神、顺服神的律法，是以色列人所熟知的。他们不能以不知其存在和要求为借口。它并没有作为不可解的奥秘隐藏在天上，因为它已经启示出来；也没有作为危险的发现而对百姓严加保密；因为最年幼、最卑微的人都在其真理上受教——而这些真理正是别国最伟大、最有智慧者所热切研究和探讨的对象。他们不必像许多古代哲人那样踏上长途或远航以寻求知识。他们享有与之熟悉的独特特权。它是他们日常交谈的话题，铭刻在他们心上，并常常在其心中加以解释和谆谆教诲。使徒保罗
(罗 10:6-8)
将此段应用于福音；因为基督的律法与摩西的律法实质上相同，只是在其属灵性质和广泛应用上彰显得更为清晰；并在福音恩典的辅助之下，它是可行而容易的。
英文原文
De 30:11-14.
THE COMMANDMENT IS MANIFEST.
11-14. For this commandment . . . is not hidden . . . neither is it far off--That law of loving and obeying God, which was the subject of Moses' discourse, was well known to the Israelites. They could not plead ignorance of its existence and requirements. It was not concealed as an impenetrable mystery in heaven, for it had been revealed; nor was it carefully withheld from the people as a dangerous discovery; for the youngest and humblest of them were instructed in those truths, which were subjects of earnest study and research among the wisest and greatest of other nations. They were not under a necessity of undertaking long journeys or distant voyages, as many ancient sages did in quest of knowledge. They enjoyed the peculiar privilege of a familiar acquaintance with it. It was with them a subject of common conversation, engraven on their memories, and frequently explained and inculcated on their hearts. The apostle Paul
(Ro 10:6-8)
has applied this passage to the Gospel, for the law of Christ is substantially the same as that of Moses, only exhibited more clearly in its spiritual nature and extensive application; and, accompanied with the advantages of Gospel grace, it is practicable and easy.
15
De 30:15-20.
申 30:15-20.
生死陈明在以色列人面前。
15-20. 看哪，我今日将生与福、死与祸陈明在你面前——即美好幸福的生活，与悖逆悲惨的生活之间的抉择。爱神并遵行祂的旨意，是得福避祸的唯一途径。选择留给他们自己；在以种种理由劝勉他们作明智抉择时，摩西的语气渐趋庄严而动人心魄，一如保罗对以弗所长老的态度
(徒 20:26, 27)。
英文原文
De 30:15-20.
DEATH AND LIFE ARE SET BEFORE THE ISRAELITES.
15-20. See, I have set before thee this day life and good, and death and evil--the alternative of a good and happy, or a disobedient and miserable life. Love of God and compliance with His will are the only ways of securing the blessings and avoiding the evils described. The choice was left to them, and in urging upon them the inducements to a wise choice, Moses warmed as he proceeded into a tone of solemn and impressive earnestness similar to that of Paul to the elders of Ephesus
(Ac 20:26, 27).
申 30:1-10。
应许赐给悔改者的丰盛恩典。
1-10. 我所陈明在你面前的这一切咒诅临到你身上……你心里归向……那时耶和华你的神必怜恤你，救回你这被掳的子民——希伯来人的盼望热切地指向这一应许，他们深信神必怜悯他们凄凉倾覆的处境，终必救他们脱离长久分散中所受的种种灾祸。他们并不认为这应许已因从巴比伦被掳归回而应验，因为那时以色列并未如本处所言那般分散——「在万国中」、「到天边」
（申 30:4）。
当神从那奴役中召回他们时，并非所有以色列人都被带回。他们并未比他们的列祖更繁多
（申 30:5），
他们的心和他们子孙的心也未受割礼去爱耶和华
（申 30:6）。
因此，摩西在本段所说的，并非指巴比伦之囚；必是指他们一千八百年来所被判定分散的境况。这预言可能在他们从巴比伦归回时已部分应验；因为按照圣经预言的结构与宗旨，它可能指向他们国史上几个相似的时代；这一观点也为尼希米的祷告所认可
（尼 1:8, 9）。
但无疑地，这预言将在犹太人归信基督的福音时得着完全而圆满的应验。在从巴比伦之囚归回时，那百姓在多方面有所改善。他们完全脱离了偶像崇拜；这种外在的改革，正是他们在弥赛亚时代将达至更高境界的前奏——「那时耶和华你神必将你和你后裔心里的污秽除掉（受割礼），好叫他们爱耶和华」。所指示的路径似乎显然如下：希伯来人的心将受割礼
（西 2:2）；
换言之，藉着神之道与神之灵共同的运行，他们的心将被感动，从一切迷信与不信中得着洁净。他们必归信耶稣基督为他们的弥赛亚——一位属灵的拯救者；而他们归信的果效，便是他们要回转，顺从耶和华的声音（即福音、属福音的律法）。这些话可全然按属灵意义解释
（约 11:51, 52），
或如许多人所信的，亦可按字面意义解释
（罗 11:1-36）。
他们将从分散的各处被召回归故土，享受至高的繁荣。丰盛之天命所赐的恩惠与福分，那时不再像从前那样被滥用
（申 31:20；32:15），
而要以更美的心态领受，用于更高尚的用途。他们必享福乐，「因为耶和华必再喜悦他们，降福与他们，像从前喜悦他们的列祖一样」。