1
De 5:1-29.
英文原文
De 5:1-29.
A COMMEMORATION OF THE COVENANT IN HOREB.
1. Hear, O Israel, the statutes and judgments--Whether this rehearsal of the law was made in a solemn assembly, or as some think at a general meeting of the elders as representatives of the people, is of little moment; it was addressed either directly or indirectly to the Hebrew people as principles of their peculiar constitution as a nation; and hence, as has been well observed, "the Jewish law has no obligation upon Christians, unless so much of it as given or commanded by Jesus Christ; for whatever in this law is conformable to the laws of nature, obliges us, not as given by Moses, but by virtue of an antecedent law common to all rational beings" [BISHOP WILSON].
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3. 耶和华不是与我们列祖立约，乃是与我们立约——意思是："不仅与我们的列祖"立约，"也与"我们"立约——若视其为恩典之约。也可理解为根本"不是与我们的列祖"立约——若所指为西奈之约的特定设立；律法没有像赐给我们那样赐给他们，这约也没有以同样公开的方式、同样的庄严保证来批准。最后，这意思也可能是"不是与我们的列祖"——他们因悖逆而死在旷野，神没有把只应许给忠信之人的赏赐赐给他们；而是"与我们"——严格说来，唯独我们要进入应许之地、享受这约的福分。
英文原文
3. The Lord made not this covenant with our fathers, but with us--The meaning is, "not with our fathers" only, "but with us" also, assuming it to be "a covenant" of grace. It may mean "not with our fathers" at all, if the reference is to the peculiar establishment of the covenant of Sinai; a law was not given to them as to us, nor was the covenant ratified in the same public manner and by the same solemn sanctions. Or, finally, the meaning may be "not with our fathers" who died in the wilderness, in consequence of their rebellion, and to whom God did not give the rewards promised only to the faithful; but "with us," who alone, strictly speaking, shall enjoy the benefits of this covenant by entering on the possession of the promised land.
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4. 耶和华在山上，从火中面对面与你说话——并非以有形可见的身体样式，对此毫无痕迹
(申 4:12, 15)，
而是自由地、亲切地，且其方式使人对祂的同在毫无疑虑。
英文原文
4. The Lord talked with you face to face in the mount--not in a visible and corporeal form, of which there was no trace
(De 4:12, 15),
but freely, familiarly, and in such a manner that no doubt could be entertained of His presence.
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5. 那时我站在耶和华和你们中间——作你天上君王的使者和翻译，将相距遥远的两方——即神与百姓——带至相近
(加 3:19)。
摩西在此身份上是基督的预表；基督是神与人之间唯一的中保
(提前 2:5)，
是更美之约的中保
(来 8:6; 9:15; 12:24)。
将耶和华的话传给你们——不是十诫——因为十诫是由神圣的发言者亲自直接宣告的——而是本书后文所重申的律例和典章。
英文原文
5. I stood between the Lord and you at that time--as the messenger and interpreter of thy heavenly King, bringing near two objects formerly removed from each other at a vast distance, namely, God and the people
(Ga 3:19).
In this character Moses was a type of Christ, who is the only mediator between God and men
(1Ti 2:5),
the Mediator of a better covenant
(Heb 8:6; 9:15; 12:24).
to show you the word of the Lord--not the ten commandments--for they were proclaimed directly by the Divine Speaker Himself, but the statutes and judgments which are repeated in the subsequent portion of this book.
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6-20. 我是耶和华你的神——"耶和华"一词表达的是权柄或主权；神无论是按天然的权利还是按圣约的关系，都有资格对祂的百姓以色列行使至高的权柄，因此有绝对的权利为他们制定律法以治理他们。〔参
出 20:2。〕
以下诫命与从前所记的
(出 20:1-17)
基本相同，仅有少许细微的措辞改动，其中一些还明确地回指那次颁布。
英文原文
6-20. I am the Lord thy God--The word "Lord" is expressive of authority or dominion; and God, who by natural claim as well as by covenant relation was entitled to exercise supremacy over His people Israel, had a sovereign right to establish laws for their government. [See on
Ex 20:2.]
The commandments which follow are, with a few slight verbal alterations, the same as formerly recorded
(Ex 20:1-17),
and in some of them there is a distinct reference to that promulgation.
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12. 当照耶和华你神所吩咐的，守安息日为圣日——即要将其铭记于心，作为既有古制、又有永久义务的神圣制度。〔参
出 20:8〕。
英文原文
12. Keep the sabbath day to sanctify it, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee--that is, keep it in mind as a sacred institution of former enactment and perpetual obligation. [See on
Ex 20:8].
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14. 使你的仆婢可以和你一样安息——这是守安息日的另一个理由，与
出 20:8-11
所给的不同，那里说那日是创造的记念。但增加一个守日的动机，并不一定与另一个相悖；有人认为，由于这制度的纪念用意众所周知，在此次重申律法时特别提另一个理由，是为了确保仆人享有安息日休息的特权——在某些希伯来家庭中，他们曾被剥夺了这一特权。按此观点，对埃及为奴时期的引述
(申 5:15)
——那时他们自己既不得守安息日为休息之日，也不得守为公众敬拜之日——格外合时而有意义，恰能直抵他们的生活与心灵深处。
英文原文
14. that thy man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou--This is a different reason for the observance of the Sabbath from what is assigned in
Ex 20:8-11,
where that day is stated to be an appointed memorial of the creation. But the addition of another motive for the observance does not imply any necessary contrariety to the other; and it has been thought probable that, the commemorative design of the institution being well known, the other reason was specially mentioned on this repetition of the law, to secure the privilege of sabbatic rest to servants, of which, in some Hebrew families, they had been deprived. In this view, the allusion to the period of Egyptian bondage
(De 5:15),
when they themselves were not permitted to observe the Sabbath either as a day of rest or of public devotion, was peculiarly seasonable and significant, well fitted to come home to their business and bosoms.
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16. 使你得福——此句不在《出埃及记》中，但被收入
弗 6:3。
英文原文
16. that it may go well with thee--This clause is not in Exodus, but admitted into
Eph 6:3.
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21. 不可贪恋你邻舍的妻……房屋、田地——此处对措辞有所改动（参
出 20:17)，
但改动如此细微（"妻"放在第一句，"房屋"放在第二句），若非这互换本身证明——与某些著名批评学者的意见相反——这两个对象同属一条诫命，本不值得特意提及。
英文原文
21. Neither shalt thou desire thy neighbour's wife, . . . house, his field--An alteration is here made in the words (see
Ex 20:17),
but it is so slight ("wife" being put in the first clause and "house" in the second) that it would not have been worth while noticing it, except that the interchange proves, contrary to the opinion of some eminent critics, that these two objects are included in one and the same commandment.
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22. 此外并没有加添——
(出 20:1)。
这十条诫命的卓越地位，体现在神直接宣告它们：其他律法和制度是借摩西为器皿传达给百姓的。
英文原文
22. he added no more--
(Ex 20:1).
The pre-eminence of these ten commandments was shown in God's announcing them directly: other laws and institutions were communicated to the people through the instrumentality of Moses.
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23-28. ……那时你们就近我——（参
出 20:19)。
英文原文
23-28. And . . . ye came near unto me--(See on
Ex 20:19).
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29. 惟愿他们存这样的心敬畏我——神能赐下这样的心，并且凡求告之处祂已应许赐下
(耶 32:40)。
但此处神为以色列人的敬虔和坚贞顺从而发的愿望，与其说关乎他们个人，不如说关乎他们作为一个国家——其宗教特性和进程将对全世界产生巨大的影响。
英文原文
29. Oh, that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me--God can bestow such a heart, and has promised to give it, wherever it is asked
(Jer 32:40).
But the wish which is here expressed on the part of God for the piety and steadfast obedience of the Israelites did not relate to them as individuals, so much as a nation, whose religious character and progress would have a mighty influence on the world at large.
De 5:1-29.
在何烈山立约的记念。
1. 以色列人哪，你们要听这律例和典章——这次律法的重申，究竟是在庄严的集会中宣告，还是有如某些人所认为的，在众长老作为百姓代表的一次大会中宣讲，都无关紧要；它是直接或间接地针对希伯来百姓而发，作为他们作为一国独特政体的原则；因此，正如有人精辟地指出的：「犹太律法对基督徒并无约束力，除非其中由耶稣基督所赐或所吩咐的那部分；因为在这律法中，凡与自然律相合的，约束我们，并非因其为摩西所赐，而是凭借一条先存的、为一切有理性之人所共有的律法」[BISHOP WILSON]。