1
Ge 49:1-33.
英文原文
Ge 49:1-33.
PATRIARCHAL BLESSING.
1. Jacob called unto his sons--It is not to the sayings of the dying saint, so much as of the inspired prophet, that attention is called in this chapter. Under the immediate influence of the Holy Spirit he pronounced his prophetic benediction and described the condition of their respective descendants in the last days, or future times.
3
Ge 49:3, 4.
Ge 49:3, 4.
流便因他的罪行丧失了长子名分的权利与尊荣。他的后裔从未有什么建树；没有士师、先知或官长出自这支派。
英文原文
Ge 49:3, 4.
REUBEN forfeited by his crime the rights and honors of primogeniture. His posterity never made any figure; no judge, prophet, nor ruler, sprang from this tribe.
5
Ge 49:5-7.
Ge 49:5-7.
西缅和利未在恶事上同伙，同样的预言对两支派同样适用。利未人在每一支派中都有所得城邑
(Jos 21:1-45)。
因他们对付偶像的热心，他们荣耀地“在雅各中分散”；而西缅支派因犯了最严重的偶像崇拜及其不离之恶习，则被可耻地“分拆”。
英文原文
Ge 49:5-7.
SIMEON AND LEVI were associate in wickedness, and the same prediction would be equally applicable to both their tribes. Levi had cities allotted to them
(Jos 21:1-45)
in every tribe. On account of their zeal against idolatry, they were honorably "divided in Jacob"; whereas the tribe of Simeon, which was guilty of the grossest idolatry and the vices inseparable from it, were ignominiously "scattered."
8
Ge 49:8-12.
Ge 49:8-12.
犹大——这支派被定意要得极高的优越地位
(Nu 10:14； Jud 1:2)。
除了给应许之地起名的尊荣之外，大卫，以及比大卫更大的那位——弥赛亚——都出自这支派。在众支派中居首，“它从狮子的幼崽长成”——即从小势力——直至成为“老狮”——即平静安稳却仍令人畏惧。
英文原文
Ge 49:8-12.
JUDAH--A high pre-eminence is destined to this tribe
(Nu 10:14; Jud 1:2).
Besides the honor of giving name to the Promised Land, David, and a greater than David--the Messiah--sprang from it. Chief among the tribes, "it grew up from a lion's whelp"--that is, a little power--till it became "an old lion"--that is, calm and quiet, yet still formidable.
10
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10. 直等细罗来到——细罗——这隐晦的词有各种解释：意为“受差者”
(Joh 17:3)，
“苗裔”
(Isa 11:1)，
“和平或兴旺之者”
(Eph 2:14)——
即弥赛亚
(Isa 11:10； Ro 15:12)；
他来时，“犹大支派便不再有自己的独立君王或士师”〔CALVIN〕。犹太人自细罗来到之后，已十八世纪没有君王，没有士师；“万民都归顺他”。
英文原文
10. until Shiloh come--Shiloh--this obscure word is variously interpreted to mean "the sent"
(Joh 17:3),
"the seed"
(Isa 11:1),
the "peaceable or prosperous one"
(Eph 2:14)
--that is, the Messiah
(Isa 11:10; Ro 15:12);
and when He should come, "the tribe of Judah should no longer boast either an independent king or a judge of their own" [CALVIN]. The Jews have been for eighteen centuries without a ruler and without a judge since Shiloh came, and "to Him the gathering of the people has been."
13
Ge 49:13.
Ge 49:13.
西布伦将得其分于沿海，靠近西顿，并要像那邦一样从事航海事业和商业。
英文原文
Ge 49:13.
ZEBULUN was to have its lot on the seacoast, close to Zidon, and to engage, like that state, in maritime pursuits and commerce.
14
Ge 49:14, 15.
Ge 49:14, 15.
以萨迦——
14. 强壮的驴卧在羊圈之间——即这支派要活跃、忍耐、勤于农业。他们定居在下加利利——一块“好地”，与迦南人同居，为求安静，“便低肩背重，成为服苦的仆人”。
英文原文
Ge 49:14, 15.
ISSACHAR--
14. a strong ass couching down between two burdens--that is, it was to be active, patient, given to agricultural labors. It was established in lower Galilee--a "good land," settling down in the midst of the Canaanites, where, for the sake of quiet, they "bowed their shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute."
16
Ge 49:16-18.
Ge 49:16-18.
但——虽是次妻之子，却要“作以色列支派之一”。
英文原文
Ge 49:16-18.
DAN--though the son of a secondary wife, was to be "as one of the tribes of Israel."
17
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17. 但——“审判者”。
蛇……虺——蛇、虺暗示狡猾和计谋；这正是参孙——这支派最著名的士师——突出的品格。
英文原文
17. Dan--"a judge."
a serpent . . . an adder--A serpent, an adder, implies subtlety and stratagem; such was pre-eminently the character of Samson, the most illustrious of its judges.
19
Ge 49:19.
Ge 49:19.
迦得——这支派将常常被边境的敌对势力所攻击和蹂躏
(Jud 10:8； Jer 49:1)。
但他们通常在战事末了得胜。
英文原文
Ge 49:19.
GAD--This tribe should be often attacked and wasted by hostile powers on their borders
(Jud 10:8; Jer 49:1).
But they were generally victorious in the close of their wars.
20
Ge 49:20.
Ge 49:20.
亚设——"有福的"。其所得的地业是推罗与迦密之间的沿海地带，是全巴勒斯坦出产最上等五谷和橄榄油的地带。
英文原文
Ge 49:20.
ASHER--"Blessed." Its allotment was the seacoast between Tyre and Carmel, a district fertile in the production of the finest corn and oil in all Palestine.
21
Ge 49:21.
Ge 49:21.
拿弗他利——据我们所知最好的译法是："拿弗他利是被释放的母鹿；他放出秀美的枝条"，或威严的鹿角〔TAYLOR，《圣经图解》〕。这预言的意思似乎是：拿弗他利支派将被安置在一片如此肥沃和平安的地业上，以致他得饱最丰盛的草场，像一只鹿那样展开分叉的鹿角。
英文原文
Ge 49:21.
NAPHTALI--The best rendering we know is this, "Naphtali is a deer roaming at liberty; he shooteth forth goodly branches," or majestic antlers [TAYLOR, Scripture Illustrations], and the meaning of the prophecy seems to be that the tribe of Naphtali would be located in a territory so fertile and peaceable, that, feeding on the richest pasture, he would spread out, like a deer, branching antlers.
22
Ge 49:22-26.
Ge 49:22-26.
约瑟——
22. 是多结果子的树枝，等等——指那支派格外的繁衍（参
民 1:33-35； 书 17:17； 申 33:17）。
先祖描述他被嫉妒、复仇、试探、忘恩所攻击；然而靠着神的恩典，他仍胜过一切反对，成为以色列的维系者；接着他便将各样福气倾注在这位蒙爱儿子头上。以法莲和玛拿西两支派的历史，表明这些福气是如何完全应验的。
英文原文
Ge 49:22-26.
JOSEPH--
22. a fruitful bough, &c.--denotes the extraordinary increase of that tribe (compare
Nu 1:33-35; Jos 17:17; De 33:17).
The patriarch describes him as attacked by envy, revenge, temptation, ingratitude; yet still, by the grace of God, he triumphed over all opposition, so that he became the sustainer of Israel; and then he proceeds to shower blessings of every kind upon the head of this favorite son. The history of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh shows how fully these blessings were realized.
27
Ge 49:27-33.
Ge 49:27-33.
便雅悯
27. 必像撕掠的狼——这支派在早期历史中，将其精力花在琐碎或不光彩的争战上，尤其是在与其他支派那暴力而不义的争斗中
(士 19:1-20:48)，
当时它虽然两度得胜，却几乎被灭绝。
英文原文
Ge 49:27-33.
BENJAMIN
27. shall ravin like a wolf--This tribe in its early history spent its energies in petty or inglorious warfare and especially in the violent and unjust contest
(Jud 19:1-20:48),
in which it engaged with the other tribes, when, notwithstanding two victories, it was almost exterminated.
28
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28. 这一切是以色列的十二支派——即十二位先祖。雅各预言的话显然更多指以色列的支派，而非众子本身。
英文原文
28. all these are the twelve tribes of Israel--or ancestors. Jacob's prophetic words obviously refer not so much to the sons as to the tribes of Israel.
29
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29. 他又嘱咐他们——这吩咐早已给过，并已郑重承接
(Ge 47:31)。
但他在此时提及自己的心愿，并复述与购置麦比拉相关的一切情形，乃是要在全家面前，用他最后的一口气宣告：他是与亚伯拉罕以同样的信心而死。
英文原文
29. he charged them--The charge had already been given and solemnly undertaken
(Ge 47:31).
But in mentioning his wishes now and rehearsing all the circumstances connected with the purchase of Machpelah, he wished to declare, with his latest breath, before all his family, that he died in the same faith as Abraham.
33
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33. 雅各嘱咐众子已毕——大概他得了超然的力量，来履行先祖这最后重大的职务；当神的默示停止时，他衰竭的体力随之崩塌，他便气绝而死，归到列祖那里。
英文原文
33. when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons--It is probable that he was supernaturally strengthened for this last momentous office of the patriarch, and that when the divine afflatus ceased, his exhausted powers giving way, he yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.
Ge 49:1-33.
列祖的祝福。
1. 雅各叫了他的儿子们来——本章所唤起人注意的，与其说是这位垂死圣徒的话，不如说是受默示先知的话。他在圣灵直接的感动下，发出了他预言性的祝福，并描述了他们各自后裔在末后日子，即将来之时的情况。