1
Isa 3:1-26.
英文原文
Isa 3:1-26.
1. For--continuation of
Isa 2:22.
Lord of hosts--therefore able to do as He says.
doth--present for future, so certain is the accomplishment.
stay . . . staff--the same Hebrew word, the one masculine, the other feminine, an Arabic idiom for all kinds of support. What a change from the previous luxuries
(Isa 2:7)!
Fulfilled in the siege by Nebuchadnezzar and afterwards by Titus
(Jer 37:21; 38:9).
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2. 应验于
（王下 24:14）。
占卜的——希伯来文常意为"占卜者"
（申 18:10-14）；
因此其意为：他们所倚靠的占卜者，在那日必失败。此词也有好的含义
（箴 16:10），
犹太人据此解释为君王；以色列长久以来没有君王
（何 3:4）。
长老——年老而有经验的
（王上 12:6-8）。
英文原文
2. Fulfilled
(2Ki 24:14).
prudent--the Hebrew often means a "soothsayer"
(De 18:10-14);
thus it will mean, the diviners, on whom they rely, shall in that day fail. It is found in a good sense
(Pr 16:10),
from which passage the Jews interpret it a king; "without" whom Israel long has been
(Ho 3:4).
ancient--old and experienced
(1Ki 12:6-8).
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3. 五十夫长——不仅千夫长、百夫长，连半百的五十夫长也必缺乏。
尊贵人——字面即"仪容威严的人"。
巧匠——即技工。围城与随之而来的国家荒凉中，匠人的行业必停顿；工匠并非民族保障中的次要支柱。
巧言的术士——更确切如武加大译本所译，"精于耳语的人"，即行法术念咒者
（诗 58:5）。
见下文
赛 8:19；
关于"谋士"，见
赛 3:2
注释。
英文原文
3. captain of fifty--not only captains of thousands, and centurions of a hundred, but even semi-centurions of fifty, shall fail.
honourable--literally, "of dignified aspect."
cunning--skilful. The mechanic's business will come to a standstill in the siege and subsequent desolation of the state; artisans are no mean "stay" among a nation's safeguards.
eloquent orator--rather, as Vulgate, "skilled in whispering," that is, incantation
(Ps 58:5).
See
Isa 8:19,
below; and on "prudent," see on
Isa 3:2.
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4. 孩童——指治理能力而言；与"老人"相对（见
赛 3:12； 传 10:16）。
婴孩——指战力而言；与"勇士"和"战士"相对。
英文原文
4. children--in ability for governing; antithesis to the "ancient" (see
Isa 3:12; Ec 10:16).
babes--in warlike might; antithesis to "the mighty" and "man of war."
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5. 如此无能的统治者
（赛 3:4）
所产生的无政府状态；彼此间不义的勒索；尊卑之礼被违犯
（利 19:32）。
卑贱——指出身低微。参"末世"的记号
（提后 3:2）。
英文原文
5. The anarchy resulting under such imbecile rulers
(Isa 3:4);
unjust exactions mutually; the forms of respect violated
(Le 19:32).
base--low-born. Compare the marks of "the last days"
(2Ti 3:2).
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6. 富有与能干之人将如此缺乏，以致他们要"拉住"
（赛 4:1）
所遇见的第一个稍有家产的人，要立他为"治理者"。
弟兄——即与恳求他的"人"同样没有世袭的统治权利。
你有衣裳——是我们所没有的。在东方，多件衣裳便是财富
（王下 5:5）。
败落——愿你接管我们败落的事务来挽回。
英文原文
6. Such will be the want of men of wealth and ability, that they will "take hold of"
(Isa 4:1)
the first man whom they meet, having any property, to make him "ruler."
brother--one having no better hereditary claim to be ruler than the "man" supplicating him.
Thou hast clothing--which none of us has. Changes of raiment are wealth in the East
(2Ki 5:5).
ruin--Let our ruined affairs be committed to thee to retrieve.
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7. 起誓——字面意为"举起"，即举起他的手；这是用于庄严作证的姿势。或作举起他的声音，即回答；武加大译本如此。
医治者——医治那病入膏肓的国家躯体
（赛 1:6）。
也没有衣服——足以济助百姓、维持君王的尊严。一个国家的状况必定败坏到了极点，才至于在生来雄心勃勃的人中，竟无一人愿意就任官职。
英文原文
7. swear--literally, "lift up," namely, his hand; the gesture used in solemn attestation. Or, his voice, that is, answer; so Vulgate.
healer--of the body politic, incurably diseased
(Isa 1:6).
neither . . . clothing--so as to relieve the people and maintain a ruler's dignity. A nation's state must be bad indeed, when none among men, naturally ambitious, is willing to accept office.
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8. 先知在此说明众人都逃避政权的缘由。
他荣耀的眼——即在"他"眼前挑衅他"荣耀"的威严（参
赛 49:5； 哈 1:13）。
叙利亚译本与LOWTH稍作希伯来文修改，译为"他荣耀的云"，即舍金纳。
英文原文
8. Reason given by the prophet, why all shrink from the government.
eyes of his glory--to provoke His "glorious" Majesty before His "eyes" (compare
Isa 49:5; Hab 1:13).
The Syriac and LOWTH, by a slight change of the Hebrew, translate, "the cloud of His glory," the Shekinah.
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9. 显示——希伯来文意为「可从其面容上被知道的」[GESENIUS 与 WEISS]。但 MAURER 译为「他们对人的尊敬」；叙利亚译本与迦勒底译本亦然。但平行的词「述说」支持另一种看法。KIMCHI 从阿拉伯语译为「他们的刚硬」
（伯 19:3，
栏注），或面容的厚颜
（耶 3:3）。
他们不仅失去了美德的本体，也失去了其外貌。
见证——文字上「与他们相符」；他们的面貌与其内心品格相符
（何 5:5）。
述说——
（犹 13）。
「吐出自己的羞耻」；非但不隐瞒，反在其上「夸口」
（腓 3:19）。
归于自己——比较「在自己里面」
（箴 1:31; 8:36； 耶 2:19； 罗 1:27）。
英文原文
9. show--The Hebrew means, "that which may be known by their countenances" [GESENIUS and WEISS]. But MAURER translates, "Their respect for person"; so Syriac and Chaldee. But the parallel word "declare" favors the other view. KIMCHI, from the Arabic, translates "their hardness"
(Job 19:3,
Margin), or impudence of countenance
(Jer 3:3).
They have lost not only the substance of virtue, but its color.
witness--literally, "corresponds" to them; their look answers to their inner character
(Ho 5:5).
declare--
(Jude 13).
"Foaming out their own shame"; so far from making it a secret, "glorying" in it
(Php 3:19).
unto themselves--Compare "in themselves"
(Pr 1:31; 8:36; Jer 2:19; Ro 1:27).
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10. 许多人不忠并不能证明所有人都不忠。虽然在池面只听到青蛙的鸣叫，但我们不应推断底下没有鱼[BENGEL]。（见
赛 1:19, 20）。
行为果子——
（箴 1:31）
在好的意义上
（加 6:8； 启 22:14）。
非靠行为的救恩，而是借结出果子的信心
（赛 45:24； 耶 23:6）。
GESENIUS 与 WEISS 译为：论到义人宣告云云。MAURER 译为「要说义人有福。」
英文原文
10. The faithlessness of many is no proof that all are faithless. Though nothing but croaking of frogs is heard on the surface of the pool, we are not to infer there are no fish beneath [BENGEL]. (See
Isa 1:19, 20).
fruit of doings--
(Pr 1:31)
in a good sense
(Ga 6:8; Re 22:14).
Not salvation by works, but by fruit-bearing faith
(Isa 45:24; Jer 23:6).
GESENIUS and WEISS translate, Declare as to the righteous that, &c. MAURER, "Say that the righteous is blessed."
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11. 有祸——与「有益」
（赛 3:10）
相对；斜体字的强调性省略。「有祸！」
手——他的行为；「手」是行动的工具
（传 8:12, 13）。
英文原文
11. ill--antithesis to "well"
(Isa 3:10);
emphatic ellipsis of the words italicized. "Ill!"
hands--his conduct; "hands" being the instrument of acts
(Ec 8:12, 13).
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12.（见
赛 3:4）。
压迫者——文字上「勒索者」，即勒索的首领
（赛 60:17）。
那些本当作保护者的人却是勒索者；不配统治如「孩童」，柔弱如「妇人」。也许还暗示他们在其后宫——宫廷妇女——的影响之下。
引导——希伯来文「称你有福」；即假先知，他们在罪中以平安的应许谄媚百姓；正如第一子句中的政治「首领」。
你行路的偏离——
（耶 6:16）。
律法中所陈明的正路。「毁坏」——希伯来文「吞灭」，即使之全然消失，无一丝痕迹。
英文原文
12. (See
Isa 3:4).
oppressors--literally, "exactors," that is, exacting princes
(Isa 60:17).
They who ought to be protectors are exactors; as unqualified for rule as "children," as effeminate as "women." Perhaps it is also implied that they were under the influence of their harem, the women of their court.
lead--Hebrew, "call thee blessed"; namely, the false prophets, who flatter the people with promises of safety in sin; as the political "rulers" are meant in the first clause.
way of thy paths--
(Jer 6:16).
The right way set forth in the law. "Destroy"--Hebrew, "Swallow up," that is, cause so utterly to disappear that not a vestige of it is left.
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13. 站起来——不再坐着沉默。
审问——对恶民愤慨
（赛 66:16； 结 20:35）。
英文原文
13. standeth up--no longer sitting in silence.
plead--indignant against a wicked people
(Isa 66:16; Eze 20:35).
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14. 长老——因此他们被称为「被除去的」
（赛 3:1, 2）。
葡萄园——犹太神权政体
（赛 5:1-7； 诗 80:9-13）。
吃尽——「烧尽」；即被「欺压的勒索」
（赛 3:12）。
这是耶稣基督时代园户大罪之预表
（太 21:34-41）。
抢夺……房屋——
（太 23:14）。
英文原文
14. ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away"
(Isa 3:1, 2).
vineyard--the Jewish theocracy
(Isa 5:1-7; Ps 80:9-13).
eaten up--"burnt"; namely, by "oppressive exactions"
(Isa 3:12).
Type of the crowning guilt of the husbandmen in the days of Jesus Christ
(Mt 21:34-41).
spoil . . . houses--
(Mt 23:14).
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15. 你们有何权柄殴打云云
（诗 94:5； 弥 3:2, 3）。
磨——借勒索，使他们一无所剩。
脸——人；附带公然和明目张胆之意。「面前」等于「脸」（希伯来文）。
英文原文
15. What right have ye to beat, &c.
(Ps 94:5; Mic 3:2, 3).
grind--by exactions, so as to leave them nothing.
faces--persons; with the additional idea of it being openly and palpably done. "Presence," equivalent to "face" (Hebrew).
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16. 锡安的女子狂傲云云——在乌西雅兴盛的治世中奢华已盛
（代下 26:5）。
伸张——傲然高抬
（诗 75:5）。
卖弄——应译为「使眼睛顾盼流转」，即卖弄风情地
（箴 6:13）
[MAURER]。但 LOWTH 译为「以眼影粉饰眼睛」。东方女子的眼睑常以锑（即铅粉）染色（见
伯 42:14； 耶 4:30
注解，栏注）。
矜扭——以小步徐行。
叮当——两脚踝上的脚环以小链相连，走路时发声，迫使她们迈小步；有时附有小铃
（赛 3:18, 20）。
英文原文
16. Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, &c.--Luxury had become great in Uzziah's prosperous reign
(2Ch 26:5).
stretched forth--proudly elevated
(Ps 75:5).
wanton--rather, "making the eyes to glance about," namely, wantonly
(Pr 6:13)
[MAURER]. But LOWTH, "falsely setting off the eyes with paint." Women's eyelids in the East are often colored with stibium, or powder of lead (see on
Job 42:14;
Jer 4:30,
Margin).
mincing--tripping with short steps.
tinkling--with their ankle-rings on both feet, joined by small chains, which sound as they walk, and compel them to take short steps; sometimes little bells were attached
(Isa 3:18, 20).
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*17. 使……长秃疮——字面作"使之秃头"，即因疾病之故。
露出——使她们遭受女俘所能遭遇的最大羞辱，即被剥去衣服，暴露身体
（Isa 47:3；
参见
Isa 20:4)。
英文原文
17. smite with a scab--literally, "make bald," namely, by disease.
discover--cause them to suffer the greatest indignity that can befall female captives, namely to be stripped naked, and have their persons exposed
(Isa 47:3;
compare with
Isa 20:4).
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*18. 华美——华丽的装饰。
发响的——（见
Isa 3:16)。
发网——头上的网饰。或从阿拉伯词根作"小太阳"，对应"月亮"般的"头饰"或颈饰
（Jud 8:21)。
chumarah 即月牙，也戴在西亚洲头饰的前面。
英文原文
18. bravery--the finery.
tinkling--(See
Isa 3:16).
cauls--network for the head. Or else, from an Arabic root, "little suns," answering to the "tires" or neck-ornaments, "like the moon"
(Jud 8:21).
The chumarah or crescent is also worn in front of the headdress in West Asia.
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*19. 链子——更恰当作坠子，挂于颈上，垂于胸前。
面纱——遮面的面纱，留有眼孔，上方紧贴，下方松垂。该词字根意为"颤动的"，指面纱上亮片变幻的效果。
英文原文
19. chains--rather, pendants, hanging about the neck, and dropping on the breast.
mufflers--veils covering the face, with apertures for the eyes, close above and loosely flowing below. The word radically means "tremulous," referring to the changing effect of the spangles on the veil.
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*20. 华冠——头巾。
腿上的妆饰——从一只脚到另一只脚的短步链，用以约束步伐匀称；附于"发响的饰物"上
（Isa 3:16)。
束腰带——字面作"腰带"。
香盒——更恰当作"气息之屋"，即香盒 [Vulgate]。
耳环——更恰当作悬于颈上或耳上的护符，上面刻有咒语；词根意为"耳语"或"念咒"。
英文原文
20. bonnets--turbans.
ornaments of the legs--the short stepping-chains from one foot to another, to give a measured gait; attached to the "tinkling ornaments"
(Isa 3:16).
headbands--literally, "girdles."
tablets--rather, "houses of the breath," that is, smelling boxes [Vulgate].
earrings--rather, amulets suspended from the neck or ears, with magic formulæ inscribed; the root means to "whisper" or "conjure."
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*21. 鼻环——鼻孔之间的软骨穿洞以佩戴；通常挂在左鼻孔上。
英文原文
21. nose jewels--The cartilage between the nostrils was bored to receive them; they usually hung from the left nostril.
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22. 此处开始是整套的*衣裳。先前所列都是单件饰物。
更换的——出自词根"脱下"；不常穿戴；只在特殊场合穿脱。如礼服
（Zec 3:4)。
外衣——有袖的更宽长的内衣，穿在普通内衣之外，下垂至脚。
贴身衣——即面巾，或头巾。在
Ru 3:15
作"帕子"；此处或作披在头和身上的宽外衣或披肩。
荷包——更恰当作钱包
（2Ki 5:23)。
英文原文
22. Here begin entire articles of apparel. Those before were single ornaments.
changeable--from a root, "to put off"; not worn commonly; put on and off on special occasions. So, dress-clothes
(Zec 3:4).
mantles--fuller tunics with sleeves, worn over the common one, reaching down to the feet.
wimples--that is, mufflers, or hoods. In
Ru 3:15,
"veils"; perhaps here, a broad cloak, or shawl, thrown over the head and body.
crisping pins--rather, money bags
(2Ki 5:23).
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*23. 镜子——磨亮金属所作的镜
（Ex 38:8)。
但七十士译本作透明薄纱般的衣裳。
头巾——裹头巾，或冠冕
（Isa 62:3；
Zec 3:5)。
帕子——大到足以遮盖头和全身。与上文较小的面巾（"蒙巾"）有别
（Ge 24:65)。
为女人顺服的记号
（1Co 11:10)。
英文原文
23. glasses--mirrors of polished metal
(Ex 38:8).
But the Septuagint, a transparent, gauze-like, garment.
hoods--miters, or diadems
(Isa 62:3; Zec 3:5).
veils--large enough to cover the head and person. Distinct from the smaller veils ("mufflers") above
(Ge 24:65).
Token of woman's subjection
(1Co 11:10).
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*24. 臭味——因溃疡所发
（Zec 14:12)。
腰带——用以束紧宽松的东方衣裳，行走时所用。
破裂——七十士译本更佳作"绳子"，贫穷的象征；穷人无别物束衣。
华美的头发——
（1Pe 3:3, 4)。
秃头——
（Isa 3:17)。
华冠——宽而褶的腰带。
麻衣——
（2Sa 3:31)。
晒黑——因头巾和帕子被剥去，不得不在烈日下作俘虏劳作，以致面容晒黑
（So 1:6)。
英文原文
24. stink--arising from ulcers
(Zec 14:12).
girdle--to gird up the loose Eastern garments, when the person walked.
rent--the Septuagint, better, a "rope," an emblem of poverty; the poor have nothing else to gird up their clothes with.
well-set hair--
(1Pe 3:3, 4).
baldness--
(Isa 3:17).
stomacher--a broad plaited girdle.
sackcloth--
(2Sa 3:31).
burning--a sunburnt countenance, owing to their hoods and veils being stripped off, while they had to work as captives under a scorching sun
(So 1:6).
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25. Thy men——指耶路撒冷的男丁。
英文原文
25. Thy men--of Jerusalem.
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26. gates——人们聚集之处被拟人化，为失去曾经常到那里的众多百姓而哀伤。
desolate . . . sit upon . . . ground——正是提多毁灭之后犹太地被铸于奖章上的形像：一位女子坐在棕榈树下，姿态悲伤；铭文为Judæa capta（犹太被掳）
(Job 2:13； La 2:10，
那里与这里主要一样，暗指尼布甲尼撒的毁灭)。
英文原文
26. gates--The place of concourse personified is represented mourning for the loss of those multitudes which once frequented it.
desolate . . . sit upon . . . ground--the very figure under which Judea was represented on medals after the destruction by Titus: a female sitting under a palm tree in a posture of grief; the motto, Judæa capta
(Job 2:13; La 2:10,
where, as here primarily, the destruction by Nebuchadnezzar is alluded to).
赛 3:1-26。
1. 主——承接
赛 2:22。
万军之主——因此能照祂所说的成就。
……必——用现在时表示未来之事，因其成就确凿无疑。
掌权的……支柱——是同一个希伯来文词，一个为阳性，另一个为阴性，是阿拉伯语的惯用法，意指各样的倚靠。与先前的奢华
（赛 2:7）
相比，这是何等的巨变！应验于尼布甲尼撒的围城，以及后来提多的围城
（耶 37:21；38:9）。