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Jud 4:1-17.
英文原文
Jud 4:1-17.
DEBORAH AND BARAK DELIVER ISRAEL FROM JABIN AND SISERA.
1. The children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the Lord, when Ehud was dead--The removal of the zealous judge Ehud again left his infatuated countrymen without the restraint of religion.
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2、3. 迦南王耶宾——「耶宾」是王室的头衔
（参见
书11:1的注释）。
第二位耶宾在旧城废墟上建了新都
（书11:10、11）。
北方迦南人已从约书亚时代那场惨败中恢复过来，如今轮到他们反过来胜过以色列。这是以色列人所受最严苛的压迫。但这次重压主要落在北方诸支派身上，直到经过二十年的苦役之后，他们才醒悟过来，视之为自己罪的刑罚，向神寻求拯救。
英文原文
2, 3. Jabin king of Canaan--"Jabin," a royal title (see on
Jos 11:1).
The second Jabin built a new capital on the ruins of the old
(Jos 11:10, 11).
The northern Canaanites had recovered from the effect of their disastrous overthrow in the time of Joshua, and now triumphed in their turn over Israel. This was the severest oppression to which Israel had been subjected. But it fell heaviest on the tribes in the north, and it was not till after a grinding servitude of twenty years that they were awakened to view it as the punishment of their sins and to seek deliverance from God.
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4. 女先知底波拉——一位在知识、智慧、敬虔上超群的女子，由圣灵教导属神之事，并惯于阐释祂的旨意；她获得了广泛的影响，受到普遍的尊敬，以致成为政府的灵魂人物，履行了一位士师当尽的一切特殊职责，唯独不作军事统帅。
拉比多的妻——有人译作「光辉的女子」。
英文原文
4. And Deborah, a prophetess--A woman of extraordinary knowledge, wisdom, and piety, instructed in divine knowledge by the Spirit and accustomed to interpret His will; who acquired an extensive influence, and was held in universal respect, insomuch that she became the animating spirit of the government and discharged all the special duties of a judge, except that of military leader.
the wife of Lapidoth--rendered by some, "a woman of splendors."
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5. 她住在棕树下——或就全体而言为「棕树林」。在东方至今仍常见在户外或枝叶繁茂的树下审断是非。
英文原文
5. she dwelt under the palm tree--or, collectively, "palm-grove." It is common still in the East to administer justice in the open air, or under the canopy of an umbrageous tree.
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6. 她打发人召了巴拉来——这是以她士师的职分权柄而行的。
基低斯拿弗他利——位于一处高地上，加利利海略偏北；此名是为与以萨迦的另一座基低斯相区别。
耶和华以色列的神岂不是吩咐你么？——这是希伯来人作郑重宣告的常用句式。
你前往他泊山去——他泊山是加利利的一座孤立山峰，在以斯德伦平原的东北角。这是便利的集结之地；招募的人数不应只限于一万，因为更少的兵力是远远不够的。
英文原文
6. she sent and called Barak--by virtue of her official authority as judge.
Kedesh-naphtali--situated on an eminence, little north of the Sea of Galilee, and so called to distinguish it from another Kedesh in Issachar.
Hath not the Lord God of Israel commanded?--a Hebrew form of making an emphatic communication.
Go and draw toward mount Tabor--an isolated mountain of Galilee, northeast corner of the plain of Esdraelon. It was a convenient place of rendezvous, and the enlistment is not to be considered as limited to ten thousand, though a smaller force would have been inadequate.
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8. 巴拉对她说，你若同我去，我就去——他这要求底波拉同行的请求，有些不寻常，却并非全然出于软弱。东方人打仗时总要带着他们最珍视的人同去，他们认为这样能激励他们更奋勇作战。巴拉要这位女先知同在的策略，完全可以理解：她的临场既能鼓舞士兵的勇气，又能使以色列人眼睛明亮，认为这次反抗像耶宾这样强大的压迫者，是名正言顺的。
英文原文
8. Barak said unto her, If thou wilt go with me, then I will go--His somewhat singular request to be accompanied by Deborah was not altogether the result of weakness. The Orientals always take what is dearest to the battlefield along with them; they think it makes them fight better. The policy of Barak, then, to have the presence of the prophetess is perfectly intelligible as it would no less stimulate the valor of the troops, than sanction, in the eyes of Israel, the uprising against an oppressor so powerful as Jabin.
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9. 耶和华必将西西拉交在一个妇人手里——这是巴拉当时所不能明白的预言；但其中的语调却含着对他懦弱之惧的责备。
英文原文
9. the Lord shall sell Sisera into the hand of a woman--This was a prediction which Barak could not understand at the time; but the strain of it conveyed a rebuke of his unmanly fears.
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11. 基尼人希百……在那里支搭帐棚——直到今日，东方的牧民族群仍在有人居住之国腹地的广阔公地上放牧羊群（参见
士1:16的注释），并不罕见。
撒拿音平原——此乃误译，应作「漂泊者的橡树」。安营之处是在基低斯高地谷中的一片橡树或笃耨香树林下。
英文原文
11. Now Heber the Kenite . . . pitched his tent--It is not uncommon, even in the present day, for pastoral tribes to feed their flocks on the extensive commons that lie in the heart of inhabited countries in the East (see on
Jud 1:16).
plain of Zaanaim--This is a mistranslation for "the oaks of the wanderers." The site of the encampment was under a grove of oaks, or terebinths, in the upland valley of Kedesh.
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13. 基顺河——河边的平原为西西拉自己所选的战场；他不知不觉被引到那里，正成了他全军的覆灭之所。
英文原文
13. the river of Kishon--The plain on its bank was chosen as the battlefield by Sisera himself, who was unconsciously drawn thither for the ruin of his army.
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14. 巴拉下了他泊山——巴拉和他的军队肯放弃山上居高临下的有利地势，迎着他们素来惧怕的铁车冲入平原，有力地证明他们对底波拉所赐得胜的保证满怀信心。
英文原文
14. Barak went down from mount Tabor--It is a striking proof of the full confidence Barak and his troops reposed in Deborah's assurance of victory, that they relinquished their advantageous position on the hill and rushed into the plain in face of the iron chariots they so much dreaded.
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15. 耶和华使西西拉的全军混乱——希伯来文为「使他的军队陷入混乱」；人、马、车混杂在一起，乱作一团。这混乱是由超然的恐慌所造成的（参见
士5:20的注释）。
西西拉看见全军混乱，便从车上跳下来，步行逃跑——他的战车大概因形体高大、装饰华美而与众不同，容易暴露乘车者的身份；因此他看明，唯一逃生的机会在于弃车步行。
英文原文
15. the Lord discomfited Sisera--Hebrew, "threw his army into confusion"; men, horses, and chariots being intermingled in wild confusion. The disorder was produced by a supernatural panic (see on
Jud 5:20).
so that Sisera lighted down off his chariot, and fled away on his feet--His chariot being probably distinguished by its superior size and elegance, would betray the rank of its rider, and he saw therefore that his only chance of escape was on foot.
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16. 巴拉追赶……直到夏罗设——西西拉大军的主力溃败奔逃，向北而去；有的被赶入基顺河淹死（参见
士5:21的注释）。
英文原文
16. But Barak pursued . . . unto Harosheth--Broken and routed, the main body of Sisera's army fled northward; others were forced into the Kishon and drowned (see on
Jud 5:21).
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17、18. 西西拉逃跑……到了雅亿的帐棚——按游牧民族的习俗，酋长不在时，接待客旅的责任便落在其妻身上；而客人一旦被请进他的帐棚，他受保护或被隐藏于追兵之外的权利便确立了。
英文原文
17, 18. Sisera fled . . . to the tent of Jael--According to the usages of nomadic people, the duty of receiving the stranger in the sheik's absence devolves on his wife, and the moment the stranger is admitted into his tent, his claim to be defended or concealed from his pursuers is established.
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19. 雅亿给他奶子喝，用皮子遮盖他——西西拉以此为安全的保证，尤其是在一位友好的酋长的帐棚里。在他用了饮食、被领进内室——即女眷之处——之后，这保证是他所能寻求或得着的最有力的。
英文原文
19. she . . . gave him drink, and covered him--Sisera reckoned on this as a pledge of his safety, especially in the tent of a friendly sheik. This pledge was the strongest that could be sought or obtained, after he had partaken of refreshments, and been introduced in the inner or women's apartment.
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20. 西西拉对她说……若有人来查问说，这里有人没有？你就说没有——内眷之所的隐秘，即便在帐棚中，若不得明示许可，也不能擅闯。
英文原文
20. he said unto her, . . . when any man doth come and enquire of thee and say, Is there any man here? that thou shalt say, No--The privacy of the harem, even in a tent, cannot be intruded on without express permission.
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21. 雅亿便拿着帐棚的橛子——大概就是用来将帐棚绳索固定在地上的钉子。西西拉几乎无路可逃。但雅亿亲手取他性命，乃是谋杀。这直接违背了牧民族群中通常视为神圣的荣誉与友谊之道；而身处雅亿这样的境况，实在难以想象一个妇人会有何动机，除非是要讨好得胜的一方。这事虽为底波拉所预言
[士4:9]， 却只是出于神的预知——并非神的任命或认可；虽在歌中受赞
[士5:24-27]， 这赞颂当视为不是对那妇人的品格与她所行之举的道德表彰，而是对在神掌管的护理下由此而出的公益之颂扬。
英文原文
21. Then Jael took a nail of the tent--most probably one of the pins with which the tent ropes are fastened to the ground. Escape was almost impossible for Sisera. But the taking of his life by the hand of Jael was murder. It was a direct violation of all the notions of honor and friendship that are usually held sacred among pastoral people, and for which it is impossible to conceive a woman in Jael's circumstances to have had any motive, except that of gaining favor with the victors. Though predicted by Deborah
[Jud 4:9],
it was the result of divine foreknowledge only--not the divine appointment or sanction; and though it is praised in the song
[Jud 5:24-27],
the eulogy must be considered as pronounced not on the moral character of the woman and her deed, but on the public benefits which, in the overruling providence of God, would flow from it.
Jud 4:1-17.
底波拉和巴拉拯救以色列脱离耶宾与西西拉之手。
1. 以笏死后，以色列人又行耶和华眼中看为恶的事——敬虔的士师以笏一旦被挪去，他那执迷不悟的同胞便再次失去了宗教信仰的约束。