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Jer 39:1-18.
英文原文
Jer 39:1-18.
JERUSALEM TAKEN. ZEDEKIAH'S FATE. JEREMIAH CARED FOR. EBED-MELECH ASSURED.
This chapter consists of two parts: the first describes the capture of Jerusalem, the removal of the people to Babylon, and the fate of Zedekiah, and that of Jeremiah. The second tells of the assurance of safety to Ebed-melech.
1. ninth year . . . tenth month--and on the tenth day of it
(Jer 52:4; 2Ki 25:1-4).
From
Jer 39:2,
"eleventh year . . . fourth month . . . ninth day," we know the siege lasted one and a half years, excepting the suspension of it caused by Pharaoh. Nebuchadnezzar was present in the beginning of the siege, but was at Riblah at its close
(Jer 39:3, 6;
compare
Jer 38:17).
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3. 坐——表示军事占领或扎营。
中门——从上城（包括锡安山）通往下城（位于前者以北，且地势低得多）的门；迦勒底人正是从下城（北侧）攻入，并在介于上下城之间“中”墙的城门对面驻扎。西底家则朝相反方向，即南方逃跑
(Jer 39:4)。
尼甲沙利薛、撒玛基米波——是由偶像尼甲和尼波之名构成的人名
(2Ki 17:30； Isa 46:1)。
拉撒力——意为“太监长”。
拉磨——术士长；随军带来，为要借他的占星术预知战事结局。Mag是波斯词，意为“伟大”、“有权能”。术士是玛代人中的一个祭司阶层，拥护琐罗亚斯德教。
英文原文
3. sat--expressing military occupation or encampment.
middle gate--the gate from the upper city (comprehending Mount Zion) to the lower city (north of the former and much lower); it was into the latter (the north side) that the Chaldeans forced an entry and took up their position opposite the gate of the "middle" wall, between the lower and upper city. Zedekiah fled in the opposite, that is, the south direction
(Jer 39:4).
Nergalsharezer, Samgarnebo--proper names formed from those of the idols, Nergal and Nebo
(2Ki 17:30; Isa 46:1).
Rab-saris--meaning "chief of the eunuchs."
Rab-mag--chief of the magi; brought with the expedition in order that its issue might be foreknown through his astrological skill. Mag is a Persian word, meaning "great," "powerful." The magi were a sacerdotal caste among the Medes, and supported the Zoroastrian religion.
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4. 王园——从上城通到王园的"门"只供王使用；有台阶从锡安山和王宫下到下面的王园
(Ne 3:15)。
两道城墙——西底家本可更久守住上城，但因粮食缺乏，被迫沿锡安以南的双城墙朝耶利哥平原逃跑
(Jer 39:5)，
好逃过约旦河到阿拉伯旷野。他在墙上打了一个缺口出来
(Eze 12:12)。
英文原文
4. the king's garden--The "gate" to it from the upper, city above was appropriated to the kings alone; stairs" led down from Mount Zion and the palace to the king's garden below
(Ne 3:15).
two walls--Zedekiah might have held the upper city longer, but want of provisions drove him to flee by the double wall south of Zion, towards the plains of Jericho
(Jer 39:5),
in order to escape beyond Jordan to Arabia-Deserta. He broke an opening in the wall to get out
(Eze 12:12).
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5. 利比拉——巴勒斯坦以北（参
Jer 1:14； Nu 34:11)。
注释家认为哈马就是叙利亚俄隆特河上的安提阿，又称以皮法尼亚，得名于安提阿古·以皮法尼。
向他宣判——字面作"与他断定审判"，即把他当作普通罪犯而非君王来审判。他违背了自己的誓言
(Eze 17:13-19； 2Ch 36:13)。
英文原文
5. Riblah--north of Palestine (see
Jer 1:14; Nu 34:11).
Hamath is identified by commentators with Antioch, in Syria, on the Orontes, called Epiphania, from Antiochus Epiphanes.
gave judgment upon him--literally, "spake judgments with him," that is, brought him to trial as a common criminal, not as a king. He had violated his oath
(Eze 17:13-19; 2Ch 36:13).
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6. 杀了……众子……在他眼前——在他眼睛被"挖出"
(Jer 39:7)
之前；字面作"挖出"。亚述的雕刻描绘君王们如何乐意亲手把被掳君王的眼睛挖出，往往亲自下手。本节使
Jer 32:4
"他的眼要见我的眼"与
Eze 12:13
"他虽死在那里，却看不见巴比伦"得以和谐。
杀了……贵胄——
(Jer 27:20)。
英文原文
6. slew . . . sons . . . before his eyes--previous to his eyes being "put out"
(Jer 39:7);
literally, "dug out." The Assyrian sculptures depict the delight with which the kings struck out, often with their own hands, the eyes of captive princes. This passage reconciles
Jer 32:4,
"his eyes shall behold his eyes"; with
Eze 12:13,
"he shall not see Babylon, though he shall die there."
slew all . . . nobles--
(Jer 27:20).
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8. 焚烧……房屋——
(Jer 52:12, 13)。
不是在城被攻取之后立即，而是在次月，即第五个月（比较
Jer 39:2)。
迟延大概是因为首领们需要差人到利比拉去请示王对这城的旨意。
英文原文
8. burned . . . the houses--
(Jer 52:12, 13).
Not immediately after the taking of the city, but in the month after, namely, the fifth month (compare
Jer 39:2).
The delay was probably caused by the princes having to send to Riblah to know the king's pleasure as to the city.
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9. remnant（余民）——除了最贫穷的人以外
(Jer 39:10)，
他们不会使尼布甲尼撒有任何忧虑。
those . . . that fell to him（那些……归他的）——叛逃者不被信任；也可能是他们自己请求被迁移，免得迦勒底人离去以后，百姓将他们当作叛徒泄愤。
rest . . . that remained（其余……所剩下的）——与前一句的"余民"不同；那里指的是被围困在城中而被尼布甲尼撒宽恕的余民；这里指的是散居在国内未被围困之各处的余民[加尔文（CALVIN）]。
英文原文
9. remnant--excepting the poorest
(Jer 39:10),
who caused Nebuchadnezzar no apprehensions.
those . . . that fell to him--the deserters were distrusted; or they may have been removed at their own request, lest the people should vent their rage on them as traitors, after the departure of the Chaldeans.
rest . . . that remained--distinct from the previous "remnant"; there he means the remnant of those besieged in the city, whom Nebuchadnezzar spared; here, those scattered through various districts of the country which had not been besieged [CALVIN].
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10. left . . . the poor . . . which had nothing（留下……穷人……一无所有的）——穷人损失最少，这是他们命运中一项护理上的补偿。从前被富足的犹太人剥夺了财产的人，如今不仅得回自己的，还得了别人的。
英文原文
10. left . . . the poor . . . which had nothing--The poor have least to lose; one of the providential compensations of their lot. They who before had been stripped of their possessions by the wealthier Jews obtain, not only their own, but those of others.
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11. 耶利米的预言，尼布甲尼撒是从叛逃者那里得知的
(Jer 39:9; Jer 38:19)，
也是从与约雅斤一同被掳到巴比伦的犹太人那里得知的（参
Jer 40:2)。
王对他以礼相待，正是因此。
英文原文
11. Jeremiah's prophecies were known to Nebuchadnezzar through deserters
(Jer 39:9; Jer 38:19),
also through the Jews carried to Babylon with Jeconiah (compare
Jer 40:2).
Hence the king's kindness to him.
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12. look well to him（好好地看待他）——希伯来文作"将你的眼目定在他身上"；为他的好处预备。
英文原文
12. look well to him--Hebrew, "set thine eyes upon him"; provide for his well-being.
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13. Nebuzara-dan . . . sent（尼布撒拉旦……打发）——那时他在拉玛
(Jer 40:1)。
英文原文
13. Nebuzara-dan . . . sent--He was then at Ramah
(Jer 40:1).
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14. Gedaliah（基大利）——亚希甘的儿子；亚希甘从前是耶利米的支持者
(Jer 26:24)。
基大利是叛投迦勒底人的首领，被派管理犹大的余民，因他可能忠于尼布甲尼撒。他住在米斯巴
(Jer 40:5)。
home（家中）——基大利的家，耶利米可以住在其中，如同安全的避难所。由于
Jer 40:1
说耶利米在拉玛被掳的人中"带着锁链"将要被带到巴比伦，因此 MAURER 认为此处耶利米的释放与
Jer 40:5, 6
的释放是两回事。但他似乎先从监院获释，被带到拉玛时仍带着锁链，然后才被交托给基大利得以自由。
dwelt among the people（住在百姓中间）——即被释放得自由。
英文原文
14. Gedaliah--son of Ahikam, the former supporter of Jeremiah
(Jer 26:24).
Gedaliah was the chief of the deserters to the Chaldeans, and was set over the remnant in Judea as one likely to remain faithful to Nebuchadnezzar. His residence was at Mizpah
(Jer 40:5).
home--the house of Gedaliah, wherein Jeremiah might remain as in a safe asylum. As in
Jer 40:1
Jeremiah is represented as "bound in chains" when he came to Ramah among the captives to be carried to Babylon, this release of Jeremiah is thought by MAURER to be distinct from that in
Jer 40:5, 6.
But he seems first to have been released from the court of the prison and to have been taken to Ramah, still in chains, and then committed in freedom to Gedaliah.
dwelt among the people--that is, was made free.
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15-18. 属于城尚未被攻取、耶利米仍在监院之时
(Jer 38:13)。
这段经文插在此处，是因为以伯米勒的善行
(Jer 38:7-12; Mt 25:43)
如今要在他得拯救的事上得赏。
英文原文
15-18. Belonging to the time when the city was not yet taken, and when Jeremiah was still in the court of the prison
(Jer 38:13).
This passage is inserted here because it was now that Ebed-melech's good act
(Jer 38:7-12; Mt 25:43)
was to be rewarded in his deliverance.
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16. Go（去）——不是字面意义，因为他被囚禁，而是比喻。
before thee（在你眼前）——在你眼前。
英文原文
16. Go--not literally, for he was in confinement, but figuratively.
before thee--in thy sight.
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17. the men of whom thou art afraid（你所惧怕的人）——
(Jer 38:1, 4-6)。
那些因你释放了耶利米而与你为敌的臣仆和首领，将有一灾祸临到他们自身，以至于无力害你。以探他从前无所畏惧，如今却惧怕了；因此这预言对他更显得可贵。
英文原文
17. the men of whom thou art afraid--
(Jer 38:1, 4-6).
The courtiers and princes hostile to thee for having delivered Jeremiah shall have a danger coming so home to themselves as to have no power to hurt. Heretofore intrepid, he was now afraid; this prophecy was therefore the more welcome to him.
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18. life . . . for a prey（性命……为掠物）——
(参
Jer 21:9；
Jer 38:2；
Jer 45:5)。
put . . . trust in me（依靠……我）——
(Jer 38:7-9)。
信靠神是他不怕人怒的根源，也是他对先知发恻隐之心的根源
(1Ch 5:20; Ps 37:40)。
他这样舍命的"性命"，将成为他的赏赐——在仇敌性命必被除灭（"为掠物"）之时，他必出乎意料地得存留。
英文原文
18. life . . . for a prey--(See on
Jer 21:9;
Jer 38:2;
Jer 45:5).
put . . . trust in me--
(Jer 38:7-9).
Trust in God was the root of his fearlessness of the wrath of men, in his humanity to the prophet
(1Ch 5:20; Ps 37:40).
The "life" he thus risked was to be his reward, being spared beyond all hope, when the lives of his enemies should be forfeited ("for a prey").
耶 39:1-18。
耶路撒冷被攻取。西底家的结局。耶利米受照顾。以伯米勒蒙安慰。
本章分两部分：第一部分描述耶路撒冷被攻取，百姓被掳到巴比伦，以及西底家和耶利米的结局。第二部分讲述以伯米勒得平安的保证。
1. 第九年……十月——即该月初十日
(耶 52:4； 王下 25:1-4)。
从
耶 39:2
"第十一年……四月……初九日"可知，围城共历一年半，除了法老引起的暂停之外。尼布甲尼撒在围城之初在场，但围城之末则在利比拉
(耶 39:3, 6；
试将
耶 38:17
相比较)。