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英文原文
THIRD SERIES.
Job 26:1-14.
JOB'S REPLY.
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2、3. 无能……无力……无智（without power . . . no strength . . . no wisdom）——此处以否定式代替肯定式，即“无能”等，是刻意的用法（参赛31:8；申32:21）。就算我如你所说的（伯18:17；15:2）本身就是无能，云云。“你这样无能无力的人，你何曾帮助过？”
拯救（savest）——即扶持。
英文原文
2, 3. without power . . . no strength . . . no wisdom--The negatives are used instead of the positives, powerlessness, &c., designedly (so
Isa 31:8; De 32:21).
Granting I am, as you say
(Job 18:17; 15:2),
powerlessness itself, &c. "How hast thou helped such a one?"
savest--supportest.
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3. 丰盛……理当的事（plentifully . . . the thing as it is）——更当译作“丰盛——智慧”。比勒达曾大肆夸耀自己有丰盛的智慧。他怎样将这智慧显明出来呢？
英文原文
3. plentifully . . . the thing as it is--rather, "abundantly--wisdom." Bildad had made great pretensions to abundant wisdom. How has he shown it?
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4. 你的话是为教训谁的呢？若是为教训我，我（对神的全能这题目）比我的师傅知道得更清楚；伯26:5-14就是约伯对此题目认识的样本。
谁的灵（whose spirit）——不是神的灵（伯32:8）；倒不如说是以利法借来的见解（伯4:17-19；15:14-16）。
英文原文
4. For whose instruction were thy words meant? If for me I know the subject (God's omnipotence) better than my instructor;
Job 26:5-14
is a sample of Job's knowledge of it.
whose spirit--not that of God
(Job 32:8);
nay, rather, the borrowed sentiment of Eliphaz
(Job 4:17-19; 15:14-16).
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5-14. 正如先前在第九、十二章中，约伯已表明自己并不亚于朋友们那样无法描述神的伟大，如今他描述神在阴间（死者之境）所彰显的伟大，伯26:5、6；在地上，伯26:7；在天空，伯26:8-11；在海上，伯26:12；在诸天，伯26:13。
死者之物被造（Dead things are formed）——更当译作：“死人的魂（Rephaim）战兢”。神的大能不仅如比勒达所说（伯25:2）存在于“高处”（天上），更及于死者之境。Rephaim 此处以及箴21:16与赛14:9中，源自一希伯来字根，意为“软弱”，故即“已死之人”；在创14:5中指迦南的巨人；也许是讥讽之意，表达他们虽有巨大的身躯，与耶和华相比仍是软弱的[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]；或因活人对鬼影的想象加以放大，此词原用于指鬼魂，后来泛指巨人[马吉（MAGEE）]。
从下边（from under）——翁布雷特（UMBREIT）将此与前一字相连：“从下边战兢”（参赛14:9）。但马所拉文本（Masoretic）将此连于“在水下”。如此，死者之地便被描绘为“在水下”（诗18:4、5）；而水则在地下（诗24:2）。马吉（MAGEE）译得甚佳：“死人的魂战兢；（诸处）在水下，及其中的居民。”如此既保留了马所拉的连接，又使平行句匀称平衡。“水底下诸处的居民”即那些在 Gehenna 中的人——犹太人将阴间（Sheol）分为上下两部分，Gehenna 是较低的那部分；他们对应于伯26:6中的“灭亡”，即恶人之处；正如“Rephaim”（伯26:5）对应于“阴间”（Sheol）（伯26:6）。“Sheol”源自一希伯来字根——“求”，因它永不满足（箴27:20）；或作“如债借贷，需归还”，暗示阴间不过是暂时的居所，在复活之前；故英文译本（English Version）的“被造”，七十士译本（Septuagint）与迦勒底译本（Chaldee）译作“将被生”或“再生”，暗示死人将从阴间交还，再生入新的状态[马吉（MAGEE）]。
英文原文
5-14. As before in the ninth and twelfth chapters, Job had shown himself not inferior to the friends' inability to describe God's greatness, so now he describes it as manifested in hell (the world of the dead),
Job 26:5, 6;
on earth,
Job 26:7;
in the sky,
Job 26:8-11;
the sea,
Job 26:12;
the heavens,
Job 26:13.
Dead things are formed--Rather, "The souls of the dead (Rephaim) tremble." Not only does God's power exist, as Bildad says
(Job 25:2),
"in high places" (heaven), but reaches to the region of the dead. Rephaim here, and in
Pr 21:16 and Isa 14:9,
is from a Hebrew root, meaning "to be weak," hence "deceased"; in
Ge 14:5
it is applied to the Canaanite giants; perhaps in derision, to express their weakness, in spite of their gigantic size, as compared with Jehovah [UMBREIT]; or, as the imagination of the living magnifies apparitions, the term originally was applied to ghosts, and then to giants in general [MAGEE].
from under--UMBREIT joins this with the previous word "tremble from beneath" (so
Isa 14:9).
But the Masoretic text joins it to "under the waters." Thus the place of the dead will be represented as "under the waters"
(Ps 18:4, 5);
and the waters as under the earth
(Ps 24:2).
MAGEE well translates thus: "The souls of the dead tremble; (the places) under the waters, and their inhabitants." Thus the Masoretic connection is retained; and at the same time the parallel clauses are evenly balanced. "The inhabitants of the places under the waters" are those in Gehenna, the lower of the two parts into which Sheol, according to the Jews, is divided; they answer to "destruction," that is, the place of the wicked in
Job 26:6,
as "Rephaim"
(Job 26:5)
to "Hell" (Sheol)
(Job 26:6).
"Sheol" comes from a Hebrew root--"ask," because it is insatiable
(Pr 27:20);
or "ask as a loan to be returned," implying Sheol is but a temporary abode, previous to the resurrection; so for English Version "formed," the Septuagint and Chaldee translate; shall be born, or born again, implying the dead are to be given back from Sheol and born again into a new state [MAGEE].
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6. （伯38:17；诗139:8；箴5:11）。
灭亡（destruction）——指灭亡之所，即失丧灵魂之处。希伯来文作 Abaddon（启9:11）。
没有遮蔽（no covering）——在神眼前无所遁形。
英文原文
6.
(Job 38:17; Ps 139:8; Pr 5:11).
destruction--the abode of destruction, that is, of lost souls. Hebrew, Abaddon
(Re 9:11).
no covering--from God's eyes.
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7. 暗示大地真正的理论。第二句说明了大地悬于虚空。第一句特别提到北方，因北方被认为是大地最高之处（赛14:13）。也包括北半天球或天穹，常被比作铺张的帐幔（诗104:2）。南方诸室在伯9:9被提及，即南半球，与大地球形相符。
英文原文
7. Hint of the true theory of the earth. Its suspension in empty space is stated in the second clause. The north in particular is specified in the first, being believed to be the highest part of the earth
(Isa 14:13).
The northern hemisphere or vault of heaven is included; often compared to a stretched-out canopy
(Ps 104:2).
The chambers of the south are mentioned
(Job 9:9),
that is, the southern hemisphere, consistently with the earth's globular form.
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8. 在……云中（in . . . clouds）——仿佛在轻飘的器皿中，这些器皿虽轻，却不因其中水的重量而破裂（箴30:4）。
英文原文
8. in . . . clouds--as if in airy vessels, which, though light, do not burst with the weight of water in them
(Pr 30:4).
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9. 更当译作：祂环绕或封闭。神以云彩为帕子，不仅遮蔽祂本体的荣耀，甚至遮蔽祂宝座外表的荣耀，免得被亵渎的眼目看见。祂的作为无处不在，祂自己却不可见（诗18:11；104:3）。
英文原文
9. Rather, He encompasseth or closeth. God makes the clouds a veil to screen the glory not only of His person, but even of the exterior of His throne from profane eyes. His agency is everywhere, yet He Himself is invisible
(Ps 18:11; 104:3).
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10. 更当译作：“祂在水面上画了一个圆形的界限”（箴8:27；诗104:9）。地平线看起来是一个圆。此处暗示了地球的球形。
直到白昼……云云（until the day, &c.）——即光暗的交界处。当光照在我们的地平线上时，另一半球便是暗的。翁布雷特（UMBREIT）与毛雷尔（MAURER）译作：“祂最完美地（原文作：到完美）在光暗之间画了界限（取自第一句）”（参创1:4、6、9）：那里将光与暗的分开，同样与水的界限紧邻。
英文原文
10. Rather, "He hath drawn a circular bound round the waters"
(Pr 8:27; Ps 104:9).
The horizon seems a circle. Indication is given of the globular form of the earth.
until the day, &c.--to the confines of light and darkness. When the light falls on our horizon, the other hemisphere is dark. UMBREIT and MAURER translate "He has most perfectly (literally, to perfection) drawn the bound (taken from the first clause) between light and darkness" (compare
Ge 1:4, 6, 9):
where the bounding of the light from darkness is similarly brought into proximity with the bounding of the waters.
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11. 柱子（pillars）——诗意地指那些似乎托住天空的山岭（诗104:32）。
惊奇（astonished）——因惊恐。拟人化。
祂的斥责（his reproof）——（诗104:7）。雷声在悬崖间回荡（哈3:10；鸿1:5）。
英文原文
11. pillars--poetically for the mountains which seem to bear up the sky
(Ps 104:32).
astonished--namely, from terror. Personification.
his reproof--
(Ps 104:7).
The thunder, reverberating from cliff to cliff
(Hab 3:10; Na 1:5).
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12. 分开（divideth）——（诗74:13）。也许在创造之时（创1:9、10）。平行句支持翁布雷特（UMBREIT）的“祂平静”。但希伯来文意为“祂移动”。大概所指的“移动”，如洪水消退时神“使风吹过”水面的那种（创8:1；诗104:7）。
骄傲（the proud）——更当译作“它的骄傲”，即海的骄傲（伯9:13）。
英文原文
12. divideth--
(Ps 74:13).
Perhaps at creation
(Ge 1:9, 10).
The parallel clause favors UMBREIT, "He stilleth." But the Hebrew means "He moves." Probably such a "moving" is meant as that at the assuaging of the flood by the wind which "God made to pass over" it
(Ge 8:1; Ps 104:7).
the proud--rather, "its pride," namely, of the sea
(Job 9:13).
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13. UMBREIT 较不简洁地译作:“他借自己的气息使诸天复苏”:即他的风驱散了遮蔽闪耀星宿的云彩。下一句则相反:“他的手扼杀”,即遮蔽北方的星座——龙。异教天文学以龙星象征洪水试图毁灭方舟,以将要吞噬蚀月中牙状如舟的月为喻
(Job 3:8,
旁注)。但英文译本更佳
(Ps 33:6)。
crooked——暗示星宿的斜行轨迹,或黄道。“逃窜”或“迅速”[UMBREIT]
(Isa 27:1)。
这特定的星座被用来代表众星的辉煌。
英文原文
13. UMBREIT less simply, "By His breath He maketh the heavens to revive": namely, His wind dissipates the clouds, which obscured the shining stars. And so the next clause in contrast, "His hand doth strangle," that is, obscures the north constellation, the dragon. Pagan astronomy typified the flood trying to destroy the ark by the dragon constellation, about to devour the moon in its eclipsed crescent-shape like a boat
(Job 3:8,
Margin). But better as English Version
(Ps 33:6).
crooked--implying the oblique course, of the stars, or the ecliptic. "Fleeing" or "swift" [UMBREIT]
(Isa 27:1).
This particular constellation is made to represent the splendor of all the stars.
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14. parts——更宜译作“我们所得的不过是他的极其边缘”等等;我们所听见关于他的不过是何等微弱耳语!
thunder——即他的整个丰盛。与“耳语”成对比
(1Co 13:9, 10, 12)。
英文原文
14. parts--Rather, "only the extreme boundaries of," &c., and how faint is the whisper that we hear of Him!
thunder--the entire fulness. In antithesis to "whisper"
(1Co 13:9, 10, 12).
第三轮。
伯26:1-14。
约伯的答复