1
Job 40:1-24.
英文原文
Job 40:1-24.
GOD'S SECOND ADDRESS.
He had paused for a reply, but Job was silent.
1. the Lord--Hebrew, "JEHOVAH."
2
无标题
2. 强辩的人（he that contendeth）——正如约伯曾多次表示愿意去作的。或作责备。约伯如今（既已看见听见神的威严与智慧）仍想纠正神吗？
回答（answer it）——即回答我所问的问题。
英文原文
2. he that contendeth--as Job had so often expressed a wish to do. Or, rebuketh. Does Job now still (after seeing and hearing of God's majesty and wisdom) wish to set God right?
answer it--namely, the questions I have asked.
3
无标题
3. 主（Lord）——即 JEHOVAH（耶和华）。
英文原文
3. Lord--JEHOVAH.
4
无标题
4. 我（太）卑贱（不配答复）。在神面前为自己申辩，与人面前为自己申辩，完全是两回事。约伯能作后者，不能作前者。
把手……捂……口（lay . . . hand . . . upon . . . mouth）——我无言可答（伯21:5；士18:19）。
英文原文
4. I am (too) vile (to reply). It is a very different thing to vindicate ourselves before God, from what it is before men. Job could do the latter, not the former.
lay . . . hand . . . upon . . . mouth--I have no plea to offer
(Job 21:5; Jud 18:19).
5
无标题
5. 一次……两次（Once . . . twice）——即屡次，不止一次（伯33:14，与伯33:29比较；诗62:11）：
我说过（I have spoken）——即说了顶撞神的话。
不再回答（not answer）——不再与你争辩。
英文原文
5. Once . . . twice--oftentimes, more than once
(Job 33:14,
compare with
Job 33:29; Ps 62:11):
I have spoken--namely, against God.
not answer--not plead against Thee.
6
无标题
6. 耶和华（the Lord）——即 JEHOVAH。
英文原文
6. the Lord--JEHOVAH.
7
无标题
7. （参伯38:3注释）。约伯既不仅顶撞神，还指控神不义，神便向他挑战：他能否像神以大能所作的那样治理世界，并惩罚骄傲的人与恶人（伯40:7-14）。
英文原文
7. (See on
Job 38:3).
Since Job has not only spoken against God, but accused Him of injustice, God challenges him to try, could he govern the world, as God by His power doth, and punish the proud and wicked
(Job 40:7-14).
8
无标题
8. 你岂可与祂争辩，更要废弃我的判断，即在世界治理中的公义吗？
定罪（condemn）——宣告我为不义，好使你被算为**义（无辜；无辜受苦）。
英文原文
8. Wilt thou not only contend with, but set aside My judgment or justice in the government of the world?
condemn--declare Me unrighteous, in order that thou mayest be accounted righteous (innocent; undeservingly afflicted).
9
无标题
9. 膀臂（arm）——神的全能（赛53:1）。
雷声（thunder）——神的声音（伯37:4）。
英文原文
9. arm--God's omnipotence
(Isa 53:1).
thunder--God's voice
(Job 37:4).
10
无标题
10. 看哪，你有像神那样的权能与威严，使你能审判并治理世界吗？
英文原文
10. See, hast thou power and majesty like God's, to enable thee to judge and govern the world?
11
无标题
11. 发怒（rage）——更当译作：倾倒*……的余溢之洪水*云云。
观看（behold）——试看，你能否像神那样，仅以一瞥便使骄傲的人卑下（赛2:12等）？
英文原文
11. rage--rather, pour out the redundant floods of, &c.
behold--Try, canst thou, as God, by a mere glance abase the proud
(Isa 2:12,
&c.)?
12
无标题
12. proud——高傲
(Da 4:37)。
in their place——即当场;猝然之间,在他们来不及离开原地之前。(见
Job 34:26;
Job 36:20)。
英文原文
12. proud--high
(Da 4:37).
in their place--on the spot; suddenly, before they can move from their place. (See on
Job 34:26;
Job 36:20).
13
无标题
13.
(Isa 2:10)。
使他们卑下,将他们从世人眼前挪去。
bind . . . faces——即将他们的人身拘禁[MAURER]。但更宜译作指那将要受刑者蒙布遮面的习俗
(Job 9:24; Es 7:8)。
in secret——将他们交与黑暗。
英文原文
13.
(Isa 2:10).
Abase and remove them out of the sight of men.
bind . . . faces--that is, shut up their persons [MAURER]. But it refers rather to the custom of binding a cloth over the faces of persons about to be executed
(Job 9:24; Es 7:8).
in secret--consign them to darkness.
14
无标题
14. confess——更宜作“颂扬”;“我也要”颂扬——我现在责备你。但既然你不能行这些事,你就必须颂扬我的治理,而不是责备。
thine own . . . hand . . . save——见
(Ps 44:3)。
耶稣基督所成就的永世救恩亦然\n (Isa 59:16; 63:5)。
英文原文
14. confess--rather, "extol"; "I also," who now censure thee. But since thou canst not do these works, thou must, instead of censuring, extol My government.
thine own . . . hand . . . save--
(Ps 44:3).
So as to eternal salvation by Jesus Christ
(Isa 59:16; 63:5).
15
无标题
15-24. 神表明:约伯若不能驯服下等动物(其中他选出最突出的两种——陆上的比希摩、水中的利维坦),就更谈不上治理世界了。
behemoth——本描述部分符合河马,部分符合象,却与二者在一切细节上都不尽符。它更宜视为对大厚皮类或草食兽(如“它吃草与牛一样”)的诗意拟人化,而以河马之意象为主。在
Job 40:17
“尾巴如香柏树”难以适用于后者(同样
Job 40:20, 23
“约旦河”这条只有象才能抵达的河,但见
Job 40:23)。
另一方面,\n Job 40:21, 22
则是两栖河马的典型特征。照样,利维坦(扭曲之兽),
Job 41:1,
是对邻近海河中的鲸类、蟒类、蜥蜴类的总称,其中包括鳄鱼——它最为突出,古人常将其与河马并提。“比希摩”似为埃及语Pehemout(水牛)的希伯来化,因如牛而得名,意大利语bombarino由此而来。
with thee——如我造你一样。然而差异何其大!神的智慧与能力何其多方多面!
he eateth grass——对于常居于水中的兽,这实为奇特;这样巨兽竟非食肉,也同样奇异。
英文原文
15-24. God shows that if Job cannot bring under control the lower animals (of which he selects the two most striking, behemoth on land, leviathan in the water), much less is he capable of governing the world.
behemoth--The description in part agrees with the hippopotamus, in part with the elephant, but exactly in all details with neither. It is rather a poetical personification of the great Pachydermata, or Herbivora (so "he eateth grass"), the idea of the hippopotamus being predominant. In
Job 40:17,
"the tail like a cedar," hardly applies to the latter (so also
Job 40:20, 23,
"Jordan," a river which elephants alone could reach, but see on
Job 40:23).
On the other hand,
Job 40:21, 22
are characteristic of the amphibious river horse. So leviathan (the twisting animal),
Job 41:1,
is a generalized term for cetacea, pythons, saurians of the neighboring seas and rivers, including the crocodile, which is the most prominent, and is often associated with the river horse by old writers. "Behemoth" seems to be the Egyptian Pehemout, "water-ox," Hebraized, so-called as being like an ox, whence the Italian bombarino.
with thee--as I made thyself. Yet how great the difference! The manifold wisdom and power of God!
he eateth grass--marvellous in an animal living so much in the water; also strange, that such a monster should not be carnivorous.
16
无标题
16. navel——更宜作:他腹部的“肌肉”;这是象最薄弱之处,故所论不是象。
英文原文
16. navel--rather, "muscles" of his belly; the weakest point of the elephant, therefore it is not meant.
17
无标题
17. like a cedar——如暴风吹弯香柏树,照样它能摇动它那光滑粗壮的尾巴[UMBREIT]。但香柏树暗示笔直与修长,不适用于河马短小的尾巴,但也许适用于某种已绝种的动物(见\n Job 40:15)。
stones——更宜作“大腿”。
wrapped——紧紧绞在一起,如粗绳。
英文原文
17. like a cedar--As the tempest bends the cedar, so it can move its smooth thick tail [UMBREIT]. But the cedar implies straightness and length, such as do not apply to the river horse's short tail, but perhaps to an extinct species of animal (see on
Job 40:15).
stones--rather, "thighs."
wrapped--firmly twisted together, like a thick rope.
18
无标题
18. strong——更宜作:“铜管”[UMBREIT]。
英文原文
18. strong--rather, "tubes" of copper [UMBREIT].
19
无标题
19. 神作为之首;如“道路”\n (Job 26:14; Pr 8:22)。
can make his sword to approach——更宜作:“已给他配了他的剑”(harpe),即他那镰刀状的牙齿,用以割倒谷物。然而英文译本字面上也是正确的。
英文原文
19. Chief of the works of God; so "ways"
(Job 26:14; Pr 8:22).
can make his sword to approach--rather, "has furnished him with his sword" (harpe), namely, the sickle-like teeth with which he cuts down grain. English Version, however, is literally right.
20
无标题
20. 山不是他常出没之处。BOCHART 说它有时在那里被发现(?)。
beasts . . . play——生动的特征:他虽有那样的牙齿,却任凭兽群在他附近戏耍不受伤害,因他的食物是草。
英文原文
20. The mountain is not his usual haunt. BOCHART says it is sometimes found there (?).
beasts . . . play--a graphic trait: though armed with such teeth, he lets the beasts play near him unhurt, for his food is grass.
21
无标题
21. lieth——他过着静止不动的生活。
shady trees——更宜作:“莲丛”;如\n Job 40:22
所要求。
英文原文
21. lieth--He leads an inactive life.
shady trees--rather, "lotus bushes"; as
Job 40:22
requires.
22
无标题
22. shady trees——译作:“莲丛”。
英文原文
22. shady trees--Translate: "lotus bushes."
23
无标题
23. 更宜译作:“(任凭)江河狂怒(泛滥),他也不惊惶”;(因他虽居陆地,也能居于水中);他安稳自如,任凭约旦河涨到他的口。“约旦河”用于指任何大河(与“比希摩”相符),是诗体的泛称(见\n Job 40:15)。
作者不可能如 UMBREIT 所断言的是希伯来人,否则他不会引用约旦河——那里没有河马。他引用它作为任何河流的名字,却不是他所亲身认识的,只是风闻而已。
英文原文
23. Rather, "(Though) a river be violent (overflow), he trembleth not"; (for though living on land, he can live in the water, too); he is secure, though a Jordan swell up to his mouth. "Jordan" is used for any great river (consonant with the "behemoth"), being a poetical generalization (see on
Job 40:15).
The author cannot have been a Hebrew as UMBREIT asserts, or he would not adduce the Jordan, where there were no river horses. He alludes to it as a name for any river, but not as one known to him, except by hearsay.
24
无标题
24. 更宜译作:“谁能用明火(字面作‘在他眼前’)拿住他,或用绳穿他的鼻?”不能;只能用诡计和陷阱才能取他\n (Job 41:1, 2)。
英文原文
24. Rather, "Will any take him by open force" (literally, "before his eyes"), "or pierce his nose with cords?" No; he can only be taken by guile, and in a pitfall
(Job 41:1, 2).
伯40:1-24。
神的第二次发言
祂曾停顿等候答复，但约伯默然无语。
1. 耶和华（the Lord）——希伯来文作“JEHOVAH”。