1
Jos 3:1-6.
英文原文
Jos 3:1-6.
JOSHUA COMES TO JORDAN.
1. Joshua rose early in the morning--On the day following that on which the spies had returned with their encouraging report. The camp was broken up in "Shittim" (the acacia groves), and removed to the eastern bank of the Jordan. The duration of their stay is indicated
(Jos 3:2),
being, according to Hebrew reckoning, only one entire day, including the evening of arrival and the morning of the passage; and such a time would be absolutely necessary for so motley an assemblage of men, women, and children, with all their gear and cattle to make ready for going into an enemy's country.
2
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2-4. 官长走遍营中，吩咐百姓——这一次、在这个地方所下达的指示，与先前所记的
(书 1:11)
不同。
英文原文
2-4. the officers went through the host; And they commanded the people--The instructions given at this time and in this place were different from those described
(Jos 1:11).
3
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3、4. 你们看见约柜……利未人祭司抬着——约柜在安营时通常位于营地中央，行军时则处于队伍中间。这一次它要走在前头，并且不由哥辖族的利未人抬，而是由祭司来抬，正如一切庄重非常的场合一样
(参 民 4:15； 书 6:6； 王上 8:3-6)。
你们就要……跟着它去。只是你和它相离，要量二千肘——这些指示专为下河进发而发。百姓要在约柜后面保持的距离将近一英里。他们若挤得太近，视线便会被挡住，所以下令留出这一间隔，使那装着圣物的柜子在营中各处都清晰可见，并被认作他们在陌生道路上的向导。
英文原文
3, 4. When ye see the ark . . ., and the priests the Levites bearing it--The usual position of the ark, when at rest, was in the center of the camp; and, during a march, in the middle of the procession. On this occasion it was to occupy the van, and be borne, not by the Kohathite Levites, but the priests, as on all solemn and extraordinary occasions (compare
Nu 4:15; Jos 6:6; 1Ki 8:3-6).
then ye shall . . . go after it. Yet there shall be a space between you and it--These instructions refer exclusively to the advance into the river. The distance which the people were to keep in the rear of the ark was nearly a mile. Had they crowded too near the ark, the view would have been intercepted, and this intervening space, therefore, was ordered, that the chest containing the sacred symbols might be distinctly visible to all parts of the camp, and be recognized as their guide in the untrodden way.
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5. 约书亚对百姓说——不如作「曾吩咐」，因为他既提到「明日」，这话必是在过河之前说的；而所谓的自洁，大概与摩西在颁布律法之前所吩咐的一样，乃是一种外表的洁净
(出 19:10-15)，
为要以严肃敬虔的心志来迎接并观看如此重大的显现而作的预备。
英文原文
5. Joshua said unto the people--rather "had said," for as he speaks of "to-morrow," the address must have been made previous to the day of crossing, and the sanctification was in all probability the same as Moses had commanded before the giving of the law, consisting of an outward cleansing
(Ex 19:10-15)
preparatory to that serious and devout state of mind with which so great a manifestation should be witnessed.
6
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6. 约书亚吩咐祭司说——这道给祭司的命令是私下传达的；因其中牵涉到既定行军次序的重大改变，必须视为奉神的名、凭神的权柄而发。况且，祭司一踏入约旦河水，便要站住。约柜所要成就的，正是昔日摩西的杖所成就的。
英文原文
6. Joshua spake unto the priests--This order to the priests would be given privately, and involving as it did an important change in the established order of march, it must be considered as announced in the name and by the authority of God. Moreover, as soon as the priests stepped into the waters of Jordan, they were to stand still. The ark was to accomplish what had been done by the rod of Moses.
7
Jos 3:7, 8.
书 3:7、8。
主鼓励约书亚
7、8. 耶和华对约书亚说：今日我必……使你在以色列众人眼前尊大——约书亚早已得过殊荣
(出 24:13；
申 31:7)。
但如今还要当众赐他更高神恩的凭据，并以与摩西同样无可置疑的方式，证明他的使命和权柄都是出于神
(出 14:31)。
英文原文
Jos 3:7, 8.
THE LORD ENCOURAGES JOSHUA.
7, 8. the Lord said to Joshua, This day will I . . . magnify thee in the sight of all Israel--Joshua had already received distinguished honors
(Ex 24:13; De 31:7).
But a higher token of the divine favor was now to be publicly bestowed on him, and evidence given in the same unmistakable manner that his mission and authority were from God as was that of Moses
(Ex 14:31).
9
Jos 3:9-13.
书 3:9-13。
约书亚鼓励百姓
9-13. 你们近前来，听耶和华你们神的话——看来以色列人在过河之前不久，才得着当如何过河的启示。约书亚这番预告的话，与那恰如他所描述而成就的奇事相印证，必能增添并坚固他们对列祖之神的信心——这位神并非像列国的偶像那样是死的、无知的、无生命的物件，而是又真又活、大有能力、为祂百姓辩护并为祂百姓行事的神。
英文原文
Jos 3:9-13.
JOSHUA ENCOURAGES THE PEOPLE.
9-13. Come hither, and hear the words of the Lord--It seems that the Israelites had no intimation how they were to cross the river till shortly before the event. The premonitory address of Joshua, taken in connection with the miraculous result exactly as he had described it, would tend to increase and confirm their faith in the God of their fathers as not a dull, senseless, inanimate thing like the idols of the nations, but a Being of life, power, and activity to defend them and work for them.
14
Jos 3:14-17.
书 3:14-17。
约旦河水断绝
14-16. 百姓离开帐棚的时候，等等——要明白这里所描写的情景，我们当想象那一队抬着约柜的祭司站在河的低洼岸边，而大群百姓则在一英里之外。忽然，整条河床都干了；这事更显奇特，因为正是在收割的时候，相当于我们的四五月——「约旦河水涨过两岸」。原文的字更恰当地可译作「满到两岸」。约旦河的水靠黎巴嫩的融雪供给，此时正是最高——满溢两岸；这一译法对现代旅行者所见的约旦河在收割时的状态，给出了唯一真实的描述。耶利哥附近的约旦河，平常约宽五六十码。但在收割时所见，宽度是平常的两倍；而在古时，两岸山岭因林木尚未消失，所受雨雪远比今日充足，水量既更丰沛，河水必比今日收割时还要宽得多。
英文原文
Jos 3:14-17.
THE WATERS OF JORDAN ARE DIVIDED.
14-16. And it came to pass, when the people removed from their tents, &c.--To understand the scene described we must imagine the band of priests with the ark on their shoulders, standing on the depressed edge of the river, while the mass of the people were at a mile's distance. Suddenly the whole bed of the river was dried up; a spectacle the more extraordinary in that it took place in the time of harvest, corresponding to our April or May--when "the Jordan overfloweth all its banks." The original words may be more properly rendered "fills all its banks." Its channel, snow-fed from Lebanon, was at its greatest height--brimful; a translation which gives the only true description of the state of Jordan in harvest as observed by modern travellers. The river about Jericho is, in ordinary appearance, about fifty or sixty yards in breadth. But as seen in harvest, it is twice as broad; and in ancient times, when the hills on the right and left were much more drenched with rain and snow than since the forests have disappeared, the river must, from a greater accession of water, have been broader still than at harvest-time in the present day.
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16. 那从上往下流的水——即来自加利利海的水
立起成垒——「成垒」，即一道坚实紧凑的屏障
(出 15:8；
诗 78:13)；
极远之地——在河流的上游远处；
那从撒拉但旁的亚当城——靠近 Ghor 北部的撒他别山（mount Sartabeh）
(王上 7:46)；
即距以色列营盘三十英里之远；而
那往亚拉巴的海（即盐海/死海）流下去的水——则被截断
(诗 114:2、3)。
如此，约旦河水在目力所及之处尽都干了。这是一大神迹；约旦河因其水流之势得名「下降者」，水过加利利海后，水流大增，跌落二十七处「可怕的急流和瀑布」，此外还有许多小瀑布，全程落差千英尺，平均时速达四五英里 [LYNCH]。「收割的时候」既涨溢，流速更大大加快。
百姓就在耶利哥对面过去——确切的地点已不可考；但绝不能是希腊传统所定的那处——即朝圣者的沐浴处——既因它过于偏北，又因那里的东岸是高达十至十五英尺的峭壁。
英文原文
16. the waters which came down from above--that is, the Sea of Galilee
stood and rose up upon a heap--"in a heap," a firm, compact barrier
(Ex 15:8; Ps 78:13);
very far--high up the stream;
from the city Adam, that is beside Zaretan--near mount Sartabeh, in the northern part of the Ghor
(1Ki 7:46);
that is, a distance of thirty miles from the Israelitish encampment; and
those that came down toward the sea of the desert--the Dead Sea--were cut off
(Ps 114:2, 3).
The river was thus dried up as far as the eye could reach. This was a stupendous miracle; Jordan takes its name, "the Descender," from the force of its current, which, after passing the Sea of Galilee, becomes greatly increased as it plunges through twenty-seven "horrible rapids and cascades," besides a great many lesser through a fall of a thousand feet, averaging from four to five miles an hour [LYNCH]. When swollen "in time of harvest," it flows with a vastly accelerated current.
the people passed over right against Jericho--The exact spot is unknown; but it cannot be that fixed by Greek tradition--the pilgrims' bathing-place--both because it is too much to the north, and the eastern banks are there sheer precipices ten or fifteen feet high.
17
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17. 祭司……和以色列众人都从干地上过去——耶利哥附近的约旦河底是坚实的砾石，水既退去，全军便可毫无不便地踏过。
英文原文
17. the priests . . . and all the Israelites passed over on dry ground--the river about Jericho has a firm pebbly bottom, on which the host might pass, without inconvenience when the water was cleared off.
约书亚记 3:1-6。
约书亚来到约旦河
1. 约书亚清早起来——就在探子带回鼓舞人心的报告的次日。营寨从"什亭"（即金合欢树林）拔起，迁到约旦河东岸。他们停留的时间
(书 3:2)
按希伯来算法只有一整日，即抵达的傍晚到渡河的清晨；而这样一段时间，对于如此混杂的一群男女老幼，连同他们全部的器具和牲畜，要整装备战进入敌境，实在是绝对必要的。