1
Ne 10:1-27.
英文原文
Ne 10:1-27.
THE NAMES OF THOSE WHO SEALED THE COVENANT.
1. Nehemiah, the Tirshatha--His name was placed first in the roll on account of his high official rank, as deputy of the Persian monarch. All classes were included in the subscription; but the people were represented by their elders
(Ne 10:14),
as it would have been impossible for every one in the country to have been admitted to the sealing.
28
Ne 10:28.
Ne 10:28.
其余的民立约遵守。
那些未参与盖印的人，或以言语、或以举手表示同意，便批准了这约；并以庄严的誓言约束自己，立志遵行神的律法，且咒诅自己若违犯这约。
英文原文
Ne 10:28.
THE REST OF THE PEOPLE BOUND THEMSELVES TO OBSERVE IT.
Those who were not present at the sealing ratified the covenant by giving their assent, either in words or by lifting up their hands, and bound themselves, by a solemn oath, to walk in God's law, imprecating a curse upon themselves in the event of their violating it.
29
Ne 10:29-39.
Ne 10:29-39.
公约的内容。
29-37. 遵行……这一切诫命，等等——这一全国性的公约，除了庄严承诺普遍顺服神的律法之外，还特别指明他们对若干具体本分的承诺，这些本分因当时的情形和需要，显得格外紧迫而重要，可归纳为以下几项：不与外邦人结亲；严格遵守安息日；每第七年让地享安息并豁免债务；为维持圣殿事奉有所奉献——从前其必要开支是从圣殿库中支付
（1Ch 26:20）， 库藏空虚时则从王的私库拨给
（2Ch 31:3）；
以及按规矩缴纳祭司当得的分。这里又逐一详尽地列举了初熟之物，好叫众人都充分明白自己的本分，无人可借口无知而不缴这些税项——这些税项因许多人的贫穷和另一些人的不敬，已使他们极欲逃避。
英文原文
Ne 10:29-39.
POINTS OF THE COVENANT.
29-37. to observe and do all the commandments, &c.--This national covenant, besides containing a solemn pledge of obedience to the divine law generally, specified their engagement to some particular duties, which the character and exigency of the times stamped with great urgency and importance, and which may be summed up under the following heads: that they abstain from contracting matrimonial alliances with the heathen; that they would rigidly observe the sabbath; that they would let the land enjoy rest and remit debts every seventh year; that they would contribute to the maintenance of the temple service, the necessary expenses of which had formerly been defrayed out of the treasury of the temple
(1Ch 26:20),
and when it was drained, given out from the king's privy purse
(2Ch 31:3);
and that they would make an orderly payment of the priests' dues. A minute and particular enumeration of the first-fruits was made, that all might be made fully aware of their obligations, and that none might excuse themselves on pretext of ignorance from withholding taxes which the poverty of many, and the irreligion of others, had made them exceedingly prone to evade.
32
无标题
32. 为我们神的殿，每年各人捐银三分之一舍客勒——律法规定凡二十岁以上的人，每人须向圣所缴纳半舍客勒。但因战争和被掳使百姓普遍贫穷，这贡银便减为三分之一舍客勒。
英文原文
32. the third part of a shekel for the service of the house of our God--The law required every individual above twenty years of age to pay half a shekel to the sanctuary. But in consequence of the general poverty of the people, occasioned by war and captivity, this tribute was reduced to a third part of a shekel.
34
无标题
34. 我们掣签……为献柴——从前搬运柴木是尼提宁人的职务。但归回者甚少，这职责便如本处所记另行指派。后来这习俗变得十分重要，约瑟夫[The Wars of the Jews, 2.17, sect. 6]曾论及 Xylophoria，即百姓按规定严肃的时节将柴木运上圣殿的习俗。
英文原文
34. we cast the lots . . . for the wood offering--The carrying of the wood had formerly been the work of the Nethinims. But few of them having returned, the duty was assigned as stated in the text. The practice afterwards rose into great importance, and JOSEPHUS speaks [The Wars of the Jews, 2.17, sect. 6] of the Xylophoria, or certain stated and solemn times at which the people brought up wood to the temple.
38
无标题
38. 利未人取十分之一的时候，亚伦子孙作祭司的当与他们同在——这是出于审慎的安排。一位尊贵的祭司在场，可确保十分之一顺利交付；至少他的监督和影响，有助于防止交易中出现任何不公——百姓欺骗利未人，或利未人欺瞒祭司。
十分之一中的十分之一——利未人既已收取一切土产的十分之一，便须从中再取十分之一给祭司。利未人还负有另一责任，即在收取之后将十分之一运到，存入圣殿库房，供祭司使用。
英文原文
38. the priest the son of Aaron shall be with the Levites, when the Levites take tithes--This was a prudential arrangement. The presence of a dignified priest would ensure the peaceful delivery of the tithes; at least his superintendence and influence would tend to prevent the commission of any wrong in the transaction, by the people deceiving the Levites, or the Levites defrauding the priests.
the tithe of the tithes--The Levites, having received a tenth of all land produce, were required to give a tenth of this to the priests. The Levites were charged with the additional obligation to carry the tithes when received, and deposit them in the temple stores, for the use of the priests.
39
无标题
39. 我们不离弃我们神的殿——这庄严的承诺在公约结束时重申，作为此时百姓为神的荣耀和敬拜所发火热心志的表达。他们因对国家之罪——其中以离弃真神的事奉为首要——深觉痛悔，又因漫长被掳之记忆犹新而痛苦，于是起誓（在热烈奉献的冲动以及对归回的感恩之中），自以为决不忘却所许的愿，立志作属耶和华的人。
英文原文
39. and we will not forsake the house of our God--This solemn pledge was repeated at the close of the covenant as an expression of the intense zeal by which the people at this time were animated for the glory and the worship of God. Under the pungent feelings of sorrow and repentance for their national sins, of which apostasy from the service of the true God was the chief, and under the yet fresh and painful remembrance of their protracted captivity, they vowed, and (feeling the impulse of ardent devotion as well as of gratitude for their restoration) flattered themselves they would never forget their vow, to be the Lord's.
Ne 10:1-27.
那些在公约上盖印者之名。
1. 省长尼希米——因他身为波斯君王之臣僚，官位崇高，故其名列于名册之首。各行各业的人都参与了立约；但百姓乃由其长老为代表
（Ne 10:14）， 因为要让全国每一个人都来盖印是不可能的。