1
Ne 7:1-4.
英文原文
Ne 7:1-4.
NEHEMIAH COMMITS THE CHARGE OF JERUSALEM TO HANANI AND HANANIAH.
2
无标题
2. 我就派我弟兄哈拿尼……管理耶路撒冷——若如一般所想，尼希米此刻正打算按其诺言返回书珊，那么他自然愿意将耶路撒冷的看守和市政事务的办理，托付给其能力、经验与忠诚都可信赖的人。哈拿尼是他的近亲
（Ne 1:2），
是其中一位；与他同工的，是哈拿尼雅作为同事，他是「营楼的宰官」——即尼希米在耶路撒冷所设之副王朝廷的元帅或内臣。这两人崇高的宗教原则和爱国精神，使他们格外适合被委以如此特殊重要的职务。
且敬畏神过于众人——特别提到哈拿尼雅的敬虔，作为他在一切职责上极其忠心的根据，因而也是尼希米信任他的原因；因为他深信，哈拿尼雅对神的敬畏会使他胜过省长离开耶路撒冷后他可能遭遇的那些背信不忠的试探。
英文原文
2. I gave my brother Hanani . . . charge over Jerusalem--If, as is commonly supposed, Nehemiah was now contemplating a return to Shushan according to his promise, it was natural that he should wish to entrust the custody of Jerusalem and the management of its civic affairs to men on whose ability, experience, and fidelity, he could confide. Hanani, a near relative
(Ne 1:2),
was one, and with him was associated, as colleague, Hananiah, "the ruler of the palace"--that is, the marshal or chamberlain of the viceregal court, which Nehemiah had maintained in Jerusalem. The high religious principle, as well as the patriotic spirit of those two men, recommended them as pre-eminently qualified for being invested with an official trust of such peculiar importance.
and feared God above many--The piety of Hananiah is especially mentioned as the ground of his eminent fidelity in the discharge of all his duties and, consequently, the reason of the confidence which Nehemiah reposed in him; for he was fully persuaded that Hananiah's fear of God would preserve him from those temptations to treachery and unfaithfulness which he was likely to encounter on the governor's departure from Jerusalem.
3
无标题
3. 等到太阳上腾才开耶路撒冷的城门，等等——在东方，城市开城门在日出之时，关城门在日落之时——这条规矩极少被违犯，除了对有权位的人以外。尼希米建议耶路撒冷的城门不必开得这么早；当仇敌正用各样危险的诡计之时，这是必要的预防措施，以确保居民都已起身，并能借着清朗的日光察看敌人可疑的动静。这次按时在日落关门之外，又指派了一部分百姓充当哨兵，各人在自己房屋之前站岗。
英文原文
3. Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot, &c.--In the East it is customary to open the gates of a city at sunrise, and to bar them at sunset--a rule which is very rarely, and not except to persons of authority, infringed upon. Nehemiah recommended that the gates of Jerusalem should not be opened so early; a precaution necessary at a time when the enemy was practising all sorts of dangerous stratagems, to ensure that the inhabitants were all astir and enjoyed the benefit of clear broad daylight for observing the suspicious movements of any enemy. The propriety of regularly barring the gates at sunset was, in this instance, accompanied with the appointment of a number of the people to act as sentinels, each mounting guard in front of his own house.
4
无标题
4. 城是广大，其中的民却稀少——城墙显然建在旧根基之上，全城占地辽阔，一如所有东方城镇，房屋各自独立，其间有花园果园相隔。按当时耶路撒冷的情形，这样的规模更为显著，因为人口相对稀少，房屋也极为简陋粗糙——不过是木棚或松散未抹灰浆的石块遮盖而已。
英文原文
4. Now the city was large and great--The walls being evidently built on the old foundations, the city covered a large extent of surface, as all Oriental towns do, the houses standing apart with gardens and orchards intervening. This extent, in the then state of Jerusalem, was the more observable as the population was comparatively small, and the habitations of the most rude and simple construction--mere wooden sheds or coverings of loose, unmortared stones.
5
Ne 7:5-38.
Ne 7:5-38.
初次从巴比伦归回者的家谱。
5. 我的神感动我心，招聚贵胄，等等——下文所述的安排，虽出于寻常的审慎，但按尼希米敬虔的心意，并不归因于他自己的审慎或思虑，而归于神的恩典的启发与引领。他决意编造一份归回被掳者的名册，逐人详细记载其家族与祖籍。他在这样用心时，发现了一份随所罗巴伯归回之第一批人的名册。这名录抄录于以下各节，与
Ezr 2:1-61
所载有几处细节不同。但这差异可由两份名册编制时情形不同而得到充分解释：以斯拉的名册是在巴比伦编成的，而尼希米的名册是在犹大、耶路撒冷城墙重建之后才编制的。多年过去，因死亡或其他原因，名录中出现差异并不为怪；尤其按犹太习俗，一人常有几个不同的名字。如哈立
（Ne 7:24）
即约拉
（Ezr 2:18）， 西亚
（Ne 7:47）
即西哈
（Ezr 2:44），
等等。这份贵胄、官长和百姓的家谱，除了其他用途外，所着眼的一个主要目的，是要准确查明按律法当在坛前事奉、办理圣殿各项事务的人是谁。在这一重要查询上，要得到准确的指引，所罗巴伯的旧名册是无价之宝。
英文原文
Ne 7:5-38.
GENEALOGY OF THOSE WHO CAME AT THE FIRST OUT OF BABYLON.
5. my God put into mine heart to gather together the nobles, &c.--The arrangement about to be described, though dictated by mere common prudence, is, in accordance with the pious feelings of Nehemiah, ascribed not to his own prudence or reflection, but to the grace of God prompting and directing him. He resolved to prepare a register of the returned exiles, containing an exact record of the family and ancestral abode of every individual. While thus directing his attention, he discovered a register of the first detachment who had come under the care of Zerubbabel. It is transcribed in the following verses, and differs in some few particulars from that given in
Ezr 2:1-61.
But the discrepancy is sufficiently accounted for from the different circumstances in which the two registers were taken; that of Ezra having been made up at Babylon, while that of Nehemiah was drawn out in Judea, after the walls of Jerusalem had been rebuilt. The lapse of so many years might well be expected to make a difference appear in the catalogue, through death or other causes; in particular, one person being, according to Jewish custom, called by different names. Thus Hariph
(Ne 7:24)
is the same as Jorah
(Ezr 2:18),
Sia
(Ne 7:47)
the same as Siaha
(Ezr 2:44),
&c. Besides other purposes to which this genealogy of the nobles, rulers, and people was subservient, one leading object contemplated by it was to ascertain with accuracy the parties to whom the duty legally belonged of ministering at the altar and conducting the various services of the temple. For guiding to exact information in this important point of enquiry, the possession of the old register of Zerubbabel was invaluable.
39
Ne 7:39-73.
Ne 7:39-73.
论祭司。
39. 祭司——据载，被掳归回的祭司只有四个班次；亚比雅的班次
（Lu 1:5）
不在其列。但须注意，这四个班次后来又被分为二十四个班次，仍沿用大卫所设原班次之名。
英文原文
Ne 7:39-73.
OF THE PRIESTS.
39. The priests--It appears that only four of the courses of the priests returned from the captivity; and that the course of Abia
(Lu 1:5)
is not in the list. But it must be noticed that these four courses were afterwards divided into twenty-four, which retained the names of the original courses which David appointed.
70
无标题
70. 还有些族长，等等——到了
Ne 7:69
名册结束，尼希米的历史叙述重新开始。他是省长（tirshatha），他和一些首要的人为宗教侍奉者合适的装备所展现的慷慨，构成本章剩余部分的主题。他们所捐的主要是衣物。在我们看来，这似乎是奇特的礼物；但在东方，赠送衣物或任何实用之物，是合乎社会通行观念和习俗的。
金达利克——即 darics。达利克是古波斯的一种金币，值英镑一镑五先令。
英文原文
70. And some of the chief of the fathers, &c.--With
Ne 7:69
the register ends, and the thread of Nehemiah's history is resumed. He was the tirshatha, or governor, and the liberality displayed by him and some of the leading men for the suitable equipment of the ministers of religion, forms the subject of the remaining portion of the chapter. Their donations consisted principally in garments. This would appear a singular description of gifts to be made by any one among us; but, in the East, a present of garments, or of any article of use, is conformable to the prevailing sentiments and customs of society.
drams of gold--that is, darics. A daric was a gold coin of ancient Persia, worth £1 5s.
71
无标题
71. 弥拿银子——即 mina（六十舍客勒，约合英镑九镑）。
英文原文
71. pound of silver--that is, mina (sixty shekels, or £9).
73
无标题
73. 这样……以色列众人都住在自己的城里——这些家谱登记册的用处，由此可见，能引导人了解每个家族古时在每支派中所归属的城邑和地方。
英文原文
73. So . . . all Israel, dwelt in their cities--The utility of these genealogical registers was thus found in guiding to a knowledge of the cities and localities in each tribe to which every family anciently belonged.
Ne 7:1-4.
尼希米将耶路撒冷的治理之责交托哈拿尼与哈拿尼雅。