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Ps 58:1-11.
英文原文
Ps 58:1-11.
David's critical condition in some period of the Sauline persecution probably occasioned this Psalm, in which the Psalmist teaches that the innate and actual sinfulness of men deserves, and shall receive, God's righteous vengeance, while the pious may be consoled by the evidence of His wise and holy government of men.
1. O congregation--literally, "Oh, dumb"; the word used is never translated "congregation." "Are ye dumb? ye should speak righteousness," may be the translation. In any case, the writer remonstrates with them, perhaps a council, who were assembled to try his cause, and bound to give a right decision.
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2. 这并非他们所存的意图；但——
秤量……强暴（weigh . . . violence）——即作出强暴的判决。“秤量”是表达审判官行为的比喻。
在地上（in the earth）——公开地。
英文原文
2. This they did not design; but
weigh . . . violence--or give decisions of violence. Weigh is a figure to express the acts of judges.
in the earth--publicly.
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3-5. 描述一般的恶人，他们天然地、轻易地、恶毒地、顽梗地犯罪。
英文原文
3-5. describe the wicked generally, who sin naturally, easily, malignantly, and stubbornly.
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4. 塞住——按字面作「他的」。
耳——即恶人（单数作集合用法），他如此变得像没有耳的聋虺。
英文原文
4. stoppeth her--literally, "his."
ear--that is, the wicked man (the singular used collectively), who thus becomes like the deaf adder which has no ear.
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6. 他以猛兽的比喻祈求他们的毁灭
（Ps 3:7; 7:2）。
英文原文
6. He prays for their destruction, under the figure of ravenous beasts
(Ps 3:7; 7:2).
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7. 常流的水——按字面作「必归于己」，完全退去，如山间湍流。
他拉满……箭——指预备弓。预备弓的词应用于箭
(Ps 64:3)。
愿他们……断——按字面作「如同他们自割」——即变钝、归于无用。
英文原文
7. which run continually--literally, "they shall go to themselves," utterly depart, as rapid mountain torrents.
he bendeth . . . his arrows--prepares it. The term for preparing a bow applied to arrows
(Ps 64:3).
let them . . . pieces--literally, "as if they cut themselves off"--that is, become blunted and of no avail.
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8, 9. 这全然毁灭的其他比喻；末者表示迅速。在比锅感受荆棘火热的更短时间内——
英文原文
8, 9. Other figures of this utter ruin; the last denoting rapidity. In a shorter time than pots feel the heat of thorns on fire--
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9. 他必像旋风把他们吹去——按字面作「把他（们）吹去」。
活着……怒气——按字面作「如同活的」或新鲜的如同烧热或燃烧的——即荆棘——都容易被吹散，恶人也如此容易迅速。「蜗牛」的比喻也许指它移动时失去唾沫。各分句虽晦涩，全段的大意却清楚。
英文原文
9. he shall take them away as with a whirlwind--literally, "blow him (them) away."
both living . . . wrath--literally, "as the living" or fresh as the heated or burning--that is, thorns--all easily blown away, so easily and quickly the wicked. The figure of the "snail" perhaps alludes to its loss of saliva when moving. Though obscure in its clauses, the general sense of the passage is clear.
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10, 11. 洗……恶人——指大屠杀。因恶人倾覆而喜乐，是因他们是神的仇敌，他们的倾覆显明他掌权（比较
Ps 52:5-7; 54:7)。
在这确据中，愿天地都喜乐
(Ps 96:10; 97:1
等)。
英文原文
10, 11. wash . . . wicked--denoting great slaughter. The joy of triumph over the destruction of the wicked is because they are God's enemies, and their overthrow shows that He reigneth (compare
Ps 52:5-7; 54:7).
In this assurance let heaven and earth rejoice
(Ps 96:10; 97:1,
&c.).
Ps 58:1-11.
大卫在扫罗逼迫某段时期的危急处境大概引发了本篇。诗人在其中指出，人本性上和实际上的罪恶当得、也必得神公义的报应，而敬虔人则可因神对人明智而圣洁之治理的证据而得安慰。
1. 世人哪——原文作"哦，哑巴"；所用之词从未译作"会众"。"你们果真讲公义吗？"可能是正确的译法。无论如何，作者是在责备他们——也许是一个被召集审判他的案件、理当作出公正判决的议会。