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英文原文
In this chapter we have, I. A particular account of the removals and encampments of the children of Israel, from their escape out of Egypt to their entrance into Canaan, forty-two in all, with some remarkable events that happened at some of those places, Nu 33:1-49. II. A strict command given them to drive out all the inhabitants of the land of Canaan, which they were not going to conquer and take possession of, Nu 33:50-56. So that the former part of the chapter looks back upon their march through the wilderness, the latter looks forward to their settlement in Canaan.
1-49
Encampments of the Israelites (1452 BC)
以色列人的安营之处（主前1452年）
¹ 以色列人按着队伍，在摩西、亚伦手下出埃及地的行踪，记在下面。
² 摩西遵着耶和华的吩咐，记载他们按着站口所起的行踪，他们的行踪乃是按着站口记载如下。
³ 正月十五日，就是逾越节的次日，以色列人从兰塞起行，在一切埃及人眼前昂然无惧地出去。
⁴ 那时埃及人正埋葬耶和华在他们中间所击杀的一切长子；耶和华也向他们的神施行了审判。
⁵ 以色列人从兰塞起行，安营在疏割。
⁶ 从疏割起行，安营在旷野边的以倘。
⁷ 从以倘起行，转到巴力洗分对面的密夺，在比哈希录前安营。
⁸ 从比哈希录前起行，从海中经过，进了旷野，在以倘的旷野走了三天的路程，安营在玛拉。
⁹ 从玛拉起行，来到以琳；以琳有十二股水泉、七十棵棕树，就在那里安营。
¹⁰ 从以琳起行，安营在红海边。
¹¹ 从红海边起行，安营在汛的旷野。
¹² 从汛的旷野起行，安营在脱弗加。
¹³ 从脱弗加起行，安营在亚录。
¹⁴ 从亚录起行，安营在利非订，在那里百姓没有水喝。
¹⁵ 从利非订起行，安营在西奈的旷野。
¹⁶ 从西奈的旷野起行，安营在基博罗哈他瓦。
¹⁷ 从基博罗哈他瓦起行，安营在哈洗录。
¹⁸ 从哈洗录起行，安营在利提玛。
¹⁹ 从利提玛起行，安营在临门帕列。
²⁰ 从临门帕列起行，安营在立拿。
²¹ 从立拿起行，安营在勒撒。
²² 从勒撒起行，安营在基希拉他。
²³ 从基希拉他起行，安营在沙斐山。
²⁴ 从沙斐山起行，安营在哈拉大。
²⁵ 从哈拉大起行，安营在玛基希录。
²⁶ 从玛基希录起行，安营在他哈。
²⁷ 从他哈起行，安营在他拉。
²⁸ 从他拉起行，安营在密加。
²⁹ 从密加起行，安营在哈摩拿。
³⁰ 从哈摩拿起行，安营在摩西录。
³¹ 从摩西录起行，安营在比尼亚干。
³² 从比尼亚干起行，安营在哈吉及迦。
³³ 从哈吉及迦起行，安营在约巴他。
³⁴ 从约巴他起行，安营在阿博挪。
³⁵ 从阿博挪起行，安营在以旬迦别。
³⁶ 从以旬迦别起行，安营在寻的旷野，就是加低斯。
³⁷ 从加低斯起行，安营在以东地边缘的何珥山。
³⁸ 以色列人出了埃及地后四十年，五月初一日，祭司亚伦遵着耶和华的吩咐上何珥山，就死在那里。
³⁹ 亚伦死在何珥山的时候年一百二十三岁。
⁴⁰ 住在迦南地南方的迦南人亚拉得王，听见以色列人来了。
⁴¹ 从何珥山起行，安营在撒摩拿。
⁴² 从撒摩拿起行，安营在普嫩。
⁴³ 从普嫩起行，安营在阿伯。
⁴⁴ 从阿伯起行，安营在摩押边界的以耶亚巴琳。
⁴⁵ 从以耶亚巴琳起行，安营在底本迦得。
⁴⁶ 从底本迦得起行，安营在亚门低比拉太音。
⁴⁷ 从亚门低比拉太音起行，安营在尼波对面的亚巴琳山。
⁴⁸ 从亚巴琳山起行，安营在约旦河边耶利哥对面的摩押平原。
⁴⁹ 他们在摩押平原，沿着约旦河，从伯耶施末直到亚伯什亭安营。
这是对以色列人在旷野行程的回顾与简略复述。这是一段值得记念的历史，值得这样扼要记下，并将这纲要保存下来，以归荣耀给那引导他们的神，并鼓励后世的人。在此请观察：
I. 这记录是怎样保存的："摩西记载他们的起行"（民33:2）。当他们开始这段漫长的行程时，神吩咐他记日记，把路上所发生一切值得记念的事都记在其中，好在回顾时使自己得安慰，在公布时使别人得教导。把神在自己身上所行的护理之工、所经历的一连串怜悯——尤其是那些使某些日子显得特别值得记念的转折和变化——用文字记下来，这对基督徒个人，尤其是身居公职的人，是大有益处的。我们的记忆并不可靠，需要这样的帮助，好叫我们"记念耶和华我们神在这旷野所领我们走的全程"（申8:2）。
II. 这记录本身的内容。它从他们出埃及开始，记到他们经过旷野，结束于他们如今安营的摩押平原。
1. 此处记下关于他们出埃及的几件事——他们在一切场合都以此为不可忘怀的奇妙之工。(1) 他们"按着队伍出去"（民33:1），有次有序，像一支有旗号的军队。(2) 在摩西、亚伦手下——他们的引导者、监督者和治理者——更是在神手下。(3) "昂然无惧"，因为为他们行事的神的手是高举的，且是在"一切埃及人眼前"（民33:3）。他们并不是偷偷溜走（赛52:12），而是向仇敌示威——神使他们成为一块沉重的石头，仇敌既不能、也不愿、更不敢阻挡他们。(4) 他们出去的时候，埃及人正在埋葬——至少正在预备埋葬——他们的长子（民33:4）。他们本来还有心——倒不如说还是恶意——要继续把以色列人扣作囚徒；但神给他们另外安排了事做。他们想要把神的长子活埋，神却叫他们去埋葬自己的长子。(5) 在埃及各样灾殃之外，此处又加一句："耶和华也向他们的神施行了审判。"他们所敬拜的偶像大概都被打碎了，正如日后大衮在约柜前仆倒一样，以至他们无法就此大事求问偶像。或许赛19:1所记正是指着这事说的："埃及的偶像在他面前战兢。"
2. 关于他们前往迦南的行程。请观察：(1) 他们不住地搬迁。在一个地方安营不久，便又起行到别处。我们在今世的光景也是如此；在这里我们没有常存的城。(2) 他们大部分的路程都在旷野里——无人居住、无路可循、甚至连人生必需之物也无；这就更显明神的智慧与大能：借着奇妙的引导和丰盛的供应，以色列数万人不仅在那荒凉之地存活了四十年，而且出来时人数至少与进去时一样多、一样强壮。他们起初"安营在旷野边上"（民33:6），后来却到了旷野的腹地；神借着较小的艰难为他的百姓预备更大的艰难。我们看见他们在以倘的旷野（民33:8）、汛的旷野（民33:11）、西奈的旷野（民33:15）。我们在今世的迁移，不过是从一个旷野搬到另一个旷野。(3) 他们被领来领去，前进后退，如同行在迷宫中；然而始终在云柱火柱的引导之下。他"使他们环绕而行"（申32:10），却"领他们行走直路"（诗107:7）。神领他百姓归向自己的路，总是最好的路，尽管在我们看来未必是最短的。(4) 这日志中也提到一些事件，如在利非订缺水（民33:14）、亚伦之死（民33:38-39）、亚拉得的侵扰（民33:40）；而"基博罗哈他瓦"——"贪欲之人的坟墓"（民33:16）——这名字本身也含着一段故事。这样，我们当记念神在我们和我们家属、我们和我们的地上所施的护理，并他历代以来引导我们、供养我们、保护我们的诸多凭据。百姓在毗珥的事上犯罪的地方（民25:1）称为什亭，在此却称为亚伯什亭。"亚伯"意为"哀恸"（参创50:11）；这地方大概因以色列中的敬虔人因那罪以及神向他们所发的烈怒而哀恸，故得此名。那哀恸如此之大，以至给这地方定了名。
英文原文
Encampments of the Israelites (1452 BC)
¹ These are the journeys of the children of Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt with their armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron.
² And Moses wrote their goings out according to their journeys by the commandment of the LORD: and these are their journeys according to their goings out.
³ And they departed from Rameses in the first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month; on the morrow after the passover the children of Israel went out with an high hand in the sight of all the Egyptians.
⁴ For the Egyptians buried all their firstborn, which the LORD had smitten among them: upon their gods also the LORD executed judgments.
⁵ And the children of Israel removed from Rameses, and pitched in Succoth.
⁶ And they departed from Succoth, and pitched in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
⁷ And they removed from Etham, and turned again unto Pi-hahiroth, which is before Baal-zephon: and they pitched before Migdol.
⁸ And they departed from before Pi-hahiroth, and passed through the midst of the sea into the wilderness, and went three days' journey in the wilderness of Etham, and pitched in Marah.
⁹ And they removed from Marah, and came unto Elim: and in Elim were twelve fountains of water, and threescore and ten palm trees; and they pitched there.
¹⁰ And they removed from Elim, and encamped by the Red sea.
¹¹ And they removed from the Red sea, and encamped in the wilderness of Sin.
¹² And they took their journey out of the wilderness of Sin, and encamped in Dophkah.
¹³ And they departed from Dophkah, and encamped in Alush.
¹⁴ And they removed from Alush, and encamped at Rephidim, where was no water for the people to drink.
¹⁵ And they departed from Rephidim, and pitched in the wilderness of Sinai.
¹⁶ And they removed from the desert of Sinai, and pitched at Kibroth-hattaavah.
¹⁷ And they departed from Kibroth-hattaavah, and encamped at Hazeroth.
¹⁸ And they departed from Hazeroth, and pitched in Rithmah.
¹⁹ And they departed from Rithmah, and pitched at Rimmon-parez.
²⁰ And they departed from Rimmon-parez, and pitched in Libnah.
²¹ And they removed from Libnah, and pitched at Rissah.
²² And they journeyed from Rissah, and pitched in Kehelathah.
²³ And they went from Kehelathah, and pitched in mount Shapher.
²⁴ And they removed from mount Shapher, and encamped in Haradah.
²⁵ And they removed from Haradah, and pitched in Makheloth.
²⁶ And they removed from Makheloth, and encamped at Tahath.
²⁷ And they departed from Tahath, and pitched at Tarah.
²⁸ And they removed from Tarah, and pitched in Mithcah.
²⁹ And they went from Mithcah, and pitched in Hashmonah.
³⁰ And they departed from Hashmonah, and encamped at Moseroth.
³¹ And they departed from Moseroth, and pitched in Bene-jaakan.
³² And they removed from Bene-jaakan, and encamped at Hor-hagidgad.
³³ And they went from Hor-hagidgad, and pitched in Jotbathah.
³⁴ And they removed from Jotbathah, and encamped at Ebronah.
³⁵ And they departed from Ebronah, and encamped at Ezion-gaber.
³⁶ And they removed from Ezion-gaber, and pitched in the wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh.
³⁷ And they removed from Kadesh, and pitched in mount Hor, in the edge of the land of Edom.
³⁸ And Aaron the priest went up into mount Hor at the commandment of the LORD, and died there, in the fortieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the first day of the fifth month.
³⁹ And Aaron was an hundred and twenty and three years old when he died in mount Hor.
⁴⁰ And king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.
⁴¹ And they departed from mount Hor, and pitched in Zalmonah.
⁴² And they departed from Zalmonah, and pitched in Punon.
⁴³ And they departed from Punon, and pitched in Oboth.
⁴⁴ And they departed from Oboth, and pitched in Ije-abarim, in the border of Moab.
⁴⁵ And they departed from Iim, and pitched in Dibon-gad.
⁴⁶ And they removed from Dibon-gad, and encamped in Almon-diblathaim.
⁴⁷ And they removed from Almon-diblathaim, and pitched in the mountains of Abarim, before Nebo.
⁴⁸ And they departed from the mountains of Abarim, and pitched in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho.
⁴⁹ And they pitched by Jordan, from Beth-jesimoth even unto Abel-shittim in the plains of Moab.
This is a review and brief rehearsal of the travels of the children of Israel through the wilderness. It was a memorable history and well worthy to be thus abridged, and the abridgment thus preserved, to the honour of God that led them and for the encouragement of the generations that followed. Observe here,
I. How the account was kept: Moses wrote their goings out, Nu 33:2. When they began this tedious march, God ordered him to keep a journal or diary, and to insert in it all the remarkable occurrences of their way, that it might be a satisfaction to himself in the review and an instruction to others when it should be published. It may be of good use to private Christians, but especially to those in public stations, to preserve in writing an account of the providences of God concerning them, the constant series of mercies they have experienced, especially those turns and changes which have made some days of their lives more remarkable. Our memories are deceitful and need this help, that we may remember all the way which the Lord our God has led us in this wilderness, De 8:2.
II. What the account itself was. It began with their departure out of Egypt, continued with their march through the wilderness, and ended in the plains of Moab, where they now lay encamped.
1. Some things are observed here concerning their departure out of Egypt, which they are reminded of upon all occasions, as a work of wonder never to be forgotten. (1.) That they went forth with their armies (Nu 33:1), rank and file, as an army with banners. (2.) Under the hand of Moses and Aaron, their guides, overseers, and rulers, under God. (3.) With a high hand, because God's hand was high that wrought for them, and in the sight of all the Egyptians, Nu 33:3. They did not steal away clandestinely (Isa 52:12), but in defiance of their enemies, to whom God had made them such a burdensome stone that they neither could, nor would, nor durst, oppose them. (4.) They went forth while the Egyptians were burying, or at least preparing to bury, their first-born, Nu 33:4. They had a mind good enough, or rather bad enough, still to have detained the Israelites their prisoners, but God found them other work to do. They would have God's first-born buried alive, but God set them a burying their own first-born. (5.) To all the plagues of Egypt it is added here that on their gods also the Lord executed judgments. Their idols which they worshipped, it is probable, were broken down, as Dagon afterwards before the ark, so that they could not consult them about this great affair. To this perhaps there is reference, Isa 19:1, The idols of Egypt shall be moved at his presence.
2. Concerning their travels towards Canaan. Observe, (1.) They were continually upon the remove. When they had pitched a little while in one place they departed from that to another. Such is our state in this world; we have here no continuing city. (2.) Most of their way lay through a wilderness, uninhabited, untracked, unfurnished even with the necessaries of human life, which magnifies the wisdom and power of God, by whose wonderful conduct and bounty the thousands of Israel not only subsisted for forty years in that desolate place, but came out at least as numerous and vigorous as they went in. At first they pitched in the edge of the wilderness (Nu 33:6), but afterwards in the heart of it; by less difficulties God prepares his people for greater. We find them in the wilderness of Etham (Nu 33:8), of Sin (Nu 33:11), of Sinai, Nu 33:15. Our removals in this world are but from one wilderness to another. (3.) They were led to and fro, forward and backward, as in a maze or labyrinth, and yet were all the while under the direction of the pillar of cloud and fire. He led them about (De 32:10), and yet led them the right way, Ps 107:7. The way which God takes in bringing his people to himself is always the best way, though it does not always seem to us the nearest way. (4.) Some events are mentioned in this journal, as their want of water at Rephidim (Nu 33:14), the death of Aaron (Nu 33:38,39), the insult of Arad (Nu 33:40); and the very name of Kibroth-hattaavah—the graves of lusts (Nu 33:16), has a story depending upon it. Thus we ought to keep in mind the providences of God concerning us and our families, us and our land, and the many instances of that divine care which has led us, and fed us, and kept us, all our days hitherto. Shittim, the place where the people sinned in the matter of Peor (Nu 25:1), is here called Abel-shittim. Abel signifies mourning (as Ge 50:11), and probably this place was so called from the mourning of the good people of Israel on account of that sin and of God's wrath against them for it. It was so great a mourning that it gave a name to the place.
50-56
The Canaanites Doomed (1452 BC)
迦南人注定灭亡（主前 1452 年）
⁵⁰ 耶和华在摩押平原、约但河边、耶利哥对面，对摩西说： ⁵¹ "你吩咐以色列人说：'你们过约但河进迦南地的时候， ⁵² 就要从你们面前赶出那地一切居民，毁坏他们一切的石像，拆毁他们一切铸成的偶像，又拆毁他们一切的邱坛。 ⁵³ 你们要夺那地，住在其中；因为我已将那地赐给你们为业。 ⁵⁴ 你们要按家族拈阄承受那地为业：人多得多给产业，人少的少给产业；各人所拈的阄归各人为业；你们要按祖宗的支派承受。 ⁵⁵ 你们若不从你们面前赶出那地的居民，所容留的人必成为你们眼中的刺、肋下的荆棘，也必在你们所住的地上扰害你们。 ⁵⁶ 并且我素来定意怎样待他们，也必照样待你们。'"
以色列人在旷野的时候，他们与一切别民的完全隔绝，使他们远离了拜偶像的试探；他们长久被拘留在旷野之中，也许正是为此之故——借此使埃及的偶像被遗忘，使百姓（如所言）得以透气，并从那感染中得洁净，使进入迦南的那一代人不再认识那些撒但深奥之理。但如今他们要过约但河，便再次进入那试探；因此：1. 他们在此被严严吩咐要彻底除灭一切偶像崇拜的痕迹。他们不但要赶出那地的居民，好占据他们的地业，更要涂损他们一切拜偶像的画像与雕像，并拆毁他们一切的邱坛（民 33:52）。他们不可保留其中任何一件，即或作为满足好奇心的古物纪念，或作为房屋装饰，或作为孩童的玩具，都不可；而要全部毁灭——既表示他们对偶像崇拜的憎恶厌弃，也为防自己被诱惑去敬拜那些像及其所代表的假神，或被诱惑用这些像或形像来敬拜以色列的神。2. 他们得着应许：若如此行，神必渐渐使他们完全拥有应许之地（民 33:53、54）。他们若保守自己不染迦南的偶像，神必以迦南的财富使他们丰盛。不要学他们的道，就不必惧怕他们的势力。3. 他们受警告：他们若顾惜偶像或拜偶像者，就必被自己的杖所打，其罪必成为自己的刑罚。（1）他们必在自己怀中养蛇（民 33:55）。迦南人的余民，若以色列人与他们结盟——纵然只是停战——也必成为他们眼中的刺、肋下的荆棘；即他们要在一切场合扰害以色列人，凌辱他们、抢夺他们，并竭其所能制造祸患。凡我们所放纵的罪，无论是什么，我们都要预期从其中受苦患；我们甘愿任其试探我们的事，至终必发觉它烦扰我们。（2）公义的神必将那原为碾碎迦南人而转的轮子转到以色列人身上：我素来定意怎样待他们，也必照样待你们（民 33:56）。原意是要使迦南人被赶出；但以色列人若与他们相结、学他们的道，他们也必被赶出；因为神对他们的不悦，理当比迦南人自己更深。愿我们听见而惧怕。我们若不把罪赶出，罪就必把我们赶出；我们若不作自己私欲的死，我们的私欲就必作我们灵魂的死。
英文原文
The Canaanites Doomed (1452 BC)
⁵⁰ And the LORD spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,
⁵¹ Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye are passed over Jordan into the land of Canaan;
⁵² Then ye shall drive out all the inhabitants of the land from before you, and destroy all their pictures, and destroy all their molten images, and quite pluck down all their high places:
⁵³ And ye shall dispossess the inhabitants of the land, and dwell therein: for I have given you the land to possess it.
⁵⁴ And ye shall divide the land by lot for an inheritance among your families: and to the more ye shall give the more inheritance, and to the fewer ye shall give the less inheritance: every man's inheritance shall be in the place where his lot falleth; according to the tribes of your fathers ye shall inherit.
⁵⁵ But if ye will not drive out the inhabitants of the land from before you; then it shall come to pass, that those which ye let remain of them shall be pricks in your eyes, and thorns in your sides, and shall vex you in the land wherein ye dwell.
⁵⁶ Moreover it shall come to pass, that I shall do unto you, as I thought to do unto them.
While the children of Israel were in the wilderness their total separation from all other people kept them out of the way of temptation to idolatry, and perhaps this was one thing intended by their long confinement in the wilderness, that thereby the idols of Egypt might be forgotten, and the people aired (as it were) and purified from that infection, and the generation that entered Canaan might be such as never knew those depths of Satan. But now that they were to pass over Jordan they were entering again into that temptation, and therefore, 1. They are here strictly charged utterly to destroy all remnants of idolatry. They must not only drive out the inhabitants of the land, that they may possess their country, but they must deface all their idolatrous pictures and images, and pull down all their high places, Nu 33:52. They must not preserve any of them, no, not as monuments of antiquity to gratify the curious, nor as ornaments of their houses, nor toys for their children to play with, but they must destroy all, both in token of their abhorrence and detestation of idolatry and to prevent their being tempted to worship those images, and the false gods represented by them, or to worship the God of Israel by such images or representations. 2. They were assured that, if they did so, God would by degrees put them in full possession of the land of promise, Nu 33:53,54. If they would keep themselves pure from the idols of Canaan, God would enrich them with the wealth of Canaan. Learn not their way, and then fear not their power. 3. They were threatened that, if they spared either the idols or the idolaters, they should be beaten with their own rod and their sin would certainly be their punishment. (1.) They would foster snakes in their own bosoms, Nu 33:55. The remnant of the Canaanites, if they made any league with them, though it were but a cessation of arms, would be pricks in their eyes and thorns in their sides, that is, they would be upon all occasions vexatious to them, insulting them, robbing them, and, to the utmost of their power, making mischief among them. We must expect trouble and affliction from that, whatever it is, which we sinfully indulge; that which we are willing should tempt us we shall find will vex us. (2.) The righteous God would turn that wheel upon the Israelites which was to have crushed the Canaanites: I shall do to you as I thought to do unto them, Nu 33:56. It was intended that the Canaanites should be dispossessed; but if the Israelites fell in with them, and learned their way, they should be dispossessed, for God's displeasure would justly be greater against them than against the Canaanites themselves. Let us hear this, and fear. If we do not drive sin out, sin will drive us out; if we be not the death of our lusts, our lusts will be the death of our souls.
本章中我们看到：I. 关于以色列人从出埃及直至进入迦南的行程与安营的详细记录，共计四十二站，并其中若干重要事件（民 33:1-49）。II. 严严的命令，吩咐他们要把他们即将攻取并承受为业的迦南地的一切居民都赶出去（民 33:50-56）。如此，本章前半部分回顾他们在旷野的行程，后半部分则前瞻他们在迦南的安顿。