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英文原文
We have, in this chapter, a further discovery and description of the church's enemies: not other enemies than are mentioned before, but described after another manner, that the methods of their enmity may more fully appear. They are represented as two beasts; the first you have an account of (Re 13:1-10) the second, Re 13:11-18, etc. By the first some understand Rome pagan, and by the second Rome papal; but others understand Rome papal to be represented by both these beasts, by the first in its secular power, by the second in its ecclesiastical.
1-10
The First Beast (95 AD)
头一个兽（公元95年）
¹ 我又看见一个兽从海中上来，有十角七头，在十角上戴着十个冠冕，七头上有亵渎的名号。
² 我所看见的兽，形状像豹，脚像熊的脚，口像狮子的口。那龙将自己的能力、宝座和大权柄都交给他。
³ 我看见兽的七头中，有一个似乎受了死伤，那死伤却医好了。全地的人都希奇跟从那兽，
⁴ 又拜那龙，因为它将自己的权柄给了兽，也拜兽，说：谁能比这兽，谁能与他交战呢？
⁵ 又赐给他说夸大亵渎话的口，又有权柄赐给他，可以任意而行四十二个月。
⁶ 兽就开口向神说亵渎的话，亵渎神的名并他的帐幕，以及那些住在天上的。
⁷ 又任凭他与圣徒争战，并且得胜。也把权柄赐给他，制伏各族、各民、各方、各国。
⁸ 凡住在地上、名字从创世以来没有记在被杀之羔羊生命册上的人，都要拜他。
⁹ 凡有耳的，就应当听。
¹⁰ 掳掠人的，必被掳掠。用刀杀人的，必被刀杀。圣徒的忍耐和信心就是在此。
我们在此有头一个兽的兴起、形像与发展的记述；请观察：1. 使徒从何种境地看见这怪物。他似乎站在「海边」，虽然他很可能仍在异象之中；但他以为自己是在「拔摩岛上」，至于是在身内还是在身外，他却说不清。2. 这兽从何而来——「从海中上来」；然而按其形像描述，它更像陆地之兽；但它周身愈是怪异，便愈适合作那不法的奥秘与暴政的记号。3. 这兽的形貌如何。它大部分「像豹」，但它的「脚像熊的脚」，「口像狮子的口」；它有「七头十角，七头上有亵渎的名号」：这是极其可怕、狰狞的怪物！这描述的某部分似乎暗指但以理所见的四兽异象，那四兽代表四个帝国（但7:1-3等）。其中一兽像狮，一兽像熊，一兽像豹；这兽乃是这三兽的某种综合体，兼具它们一切的凶猛、力量与迅捷；七头和十角似乎标示它几样的权势；十个冠冕是它的藩属诸侯；其额上「亵渎」之名，宣告它对神的荣耀直接的敌意与对抗，借此推动偶像崇拜。4. 它权柄的源头和本源——「那龙」；「它将自己的能力、宝座和大权柄都交给他」。他是魔鬼所设立，又蒙魔鬼扶持，好行魔鬼的工、成就魔鬼的利益；魔鬼也倾囊相助。5. 它受了危险的伤，却出人意外地得着医治（启13:3）。有人以为这受伤的头是指异教偶像崇拜的废除；而伤得医治则是指教皇偶像崇拜的引入，二者在实质上相同，只是换了新装，并且同样有效地成就魔鬼的计谋。6. 这地狱怪物所得的尊荣与敬拜：「全地的人都希奇跟从那兽」；他们都羡慕它的权势、谋略与成功，「又拜那龙」，因为龙「将权柄给了兽」，「也拜兽」；他们向魔鬼和他的工具献上尊荣与臣服，以为没有任何力量能抵挡他们：世界竟是如此黑暗、堕落、疯狂！7. 它如何运用它地狱般的权势与谋略：它有「说夸大亵渎话的口」；「它亵渎神、神的名、神的帐幕，以及一切住在天上的」；它「与圣徒争战，并且得胜」，在世上获得了一种近乎普世的帝国。它的恶意主要针对天上的神和他天上的侍从——针对神，在于为那不能看见之他造像，并敬拜这些像；——针对神的帐幕，有人说就是指主耶稣基督的人性，神在其中如帐幕一般居住；这被他们的化质说所侮辱，因化质说不容许他的身体成为真正的身体，又把为基督预备身体的权柄交在每一个祭司手中；——又「针对那些住在天上的」，即得荣耀的圣徒，把他们放在异教鬼魔的位置上，向他们祈祷，他们非但不以此为乐，反而真心以为自己因此受了冤屈、被辱没。魔鬼的恶意如此向天上和天上蒙福的居民发作。这些人超乎他权势所及。他所能作的，不过是亵渎他们；但地上的圣徒更暴露于他的残忍之下，他有时蒙许可胜过他们、践踏他们。8. 魔鬼权势与成功的界限，无论在时间或在人上都有限定。在时间上有限定；它的掌权「持续四十二个月」（启13:5），与敌基督掌权的其他预言特征相符。在人身上也有限定，它所能完全征服其意志与权势的，仅是那些「名字没有记在羔羊生命册上」的人。基督有他所拣选的余民，「用他的血所赎，记在他的册上，被他圣灵所印」；魔鬼和敌基督虽能胜过他们身体的力量、夺去他们天然的生命，却永不能征服他们的灵魂，也不能使他们离弃救主、归顺他的仇敌。9. 在此要求人留意所启示的教会大患难与大灾难，并有保证：当神在锡安山完成他的工——他那炼净的工——之后，他必转手对付他百姓的仇敌，那些用刀杀人的，必自己倒在刀下（启13:10），那些掳掠神百姓的，自己也必被掳。如今这里正是「圣徒的忍耐和信心」合宜的操练之处——在这样大患难的前景下存忍耐，在如此荣耀拯救的前景下存信心。
英文原文
The First Beast (95 AD)
¹ And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy.
² And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority.
³ And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast.
⁴ And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him?
⁵ And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months.
⁶ And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven.
⁷ And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.
⁸ And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
⁹ If any man have an ear, let him hear.
¹⁰ He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity: he that killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword. Here is the patience and the faith of the saints.
We have here an account of the rise, figure, and progress of the first beast; and observe, 1. From what situation the apostle saw this monster. He seemed to himself to stand upon the sea-shore, though it is probable he was still in a rapture; but he took himself to be in the island Patmos, but whether in the body or out of the body he could not tell. 2. Whence this beast came—out of the sea; and yet, by the description of it, it would seem more likely to be a land-monster; but the more monstrous every thing about it was the more proper an emblem it would be to set forth the mystery of iniquity and tyranny. 3. What was the form and shape of this beast. It was for the most part like a leopard, but its feet were like the feet of a bear and its mouth as the mouth of a lion; it had seven heads, and ten horns, and upon its heads the name of blasphemy: the most horrid and hideous monster! In some part of this description here seems to be an allusion to Daniel's vision of the four beasts, which represented the four monarchies, Da 7:1-3, etc. One of these beasts was like a lion, another like a bear, and another like a leopard; this beast was a sort of composition of those three, with the fierceness, strength, and swiftness, of them all; the seven heads and the ten horns seem to design its several powers; the ten crowns, its tributary princes; the word blasphemy on its forehead proclaims its direct enmity and opposition to the glory of God, by promoting idolatry. 4. The source and spring of his authority—the dragon; he gave him his power, and seat, and great authority. He was set up by the devil, and supported by him to do his work and promote his interest; and the devil lent him all the assistance he could. 5. A dangerous wound given him, and yet unexpectedly healed, Re 13:3. Some think that by this wounded head we are to understand the abolishing of pagan idolatry; and by the healing of the wound the introducing of the popish idolatry, the same in substance with the former, only in a new dress, and which as effectually answers the devil's design as that did. 6. The honour and worship paid to this infernal monster: All the world wondered after the beast; they all admired his power, and policy, and success, and they worshipped the dragon that gave power to the beast, and they worshipped the beast; they paid honour and subjection to the devil and his instruments, and thought there was no power able to withstand them: so great were the darkness, degeneracy, and madness of the world! 7. How he exercised his infernal power and policy: He had a mouth, speaking great things, and blasphemies; he blasphemed God, the name of God, the tabernacle of God, and all those that dwell in heaven; and he made war with the saints, and overcame them, and gained a sort of universal empire in the world. His malice was principally levelled at the God of heaven, and his heavenly attendants—at God, in making images of him that is invisible, and in worshipping them;—at the tabernacle of God, that is, say some, at the human nature of the Lord Jesus Christ, in which God dwells as in a tabernacle; this is dishonoured by their doctrine of transubstantiation, which will not suffer his body to be a true body, and will put it into the power of every priest to prepare a body for Christ;—and against those that dwell in heaven, the glorified saints, by putting them into the place of the pagan demons, and praying to them, which they are so far from being pleased with that they truly judge themselves wronged and dishonoured by it. Thus the malice of the devil shows itself against heaven and the blessed inhabitants of heaven. These are above the reach of his power. All he can do is to blaspheme them; but the saints on earth are more exposed to his cruelty, and he sometimes is permitted to triumph over them and trample upon them. 8. The limitation of the devil's power and success, and that both as to time and persons. He is limited in point of time; his reign is to continue forty-and-two months (Re 13:5), suitable to the other prophetical characters of the reign of antichrist. He is also limited as to the persons and people that he shall entirely subject his will and power; it will be only those whose names are not written in the Lamb's book of life. Christ had a chosen remnant, redeemed by his blood, recorded in his book, sealed by his Spirit; and though the devil and antichrist might overcome their bodily strength, and take away their natural life, they could never conquer their souls, nor prevail with them to forsake their Saviour and revolt to his enemies. 9. Here is a demand of attention to what is here discovered of the great sufferings and troubles of the church, and an assurance given that when God has accomplished his work on mount Zion, his refining work, then he will turn his hand against the enemies of his people, and those who have killed with the sword shall themselves fall by the sword (Re 13:10), and those who led the people of God into captivity shall themselves be made captives. Here now is that which will be proper exercise for the patience and faith of the saints—patience under the prospect of such great sufferings, and faith in the prospect of so glorious a deliverance.
11-18
The Second Beast (95 AD)
第二个兽（公元95年）
¹¹ 我又看见另有一个兽从地中上来，有两角如同羊羔，说话好像龙。
¹² 他在头一个兽面前，施行头一个兽所有的权柄，并且叫地和住在地上的人拜那死伤医好的头一个兽。
¹³ 又行大奇事，甚至在人面前，叫火从天降在地上。
¹⁴ 他因赐给他权柄在兽面前能行奇事，就迷惑住在地上的人，说：要给那受刀伤还活着的兽作个像。
¹⁵ 又有权柄赐给他，叫兽像有生气，并且能说话，又叫所有不拜兽像的人都被杀害。
¹⁶ 他又叫众人，无论大小贫富，自主的、为奴的，都在右手上或是在额上受一个印记。
¹⁷ 除了那受印记、有了兽名或有兽名数目的，都不得作买卖。
¹⁸ 在这里有智慧。凡有聪明的，可以算计兽的数目，因为这是人的数目，他的数目是六百六十六。
那些以头一个兽为异教罗马的人，会以这第二个兽为教皇制的罗马，它推动偶像崇拜与暴政，只是方式较为温和，像羊羔一般；那些以头一个兽为教皇制世俗权势的人，则以第二个兽为其属灵和教会的权势，这些权势假宗教和顾念人灵魂的慈善之名而行事。在此请观察：
一、这第二个兽的形貌：「他有两角如同羊羔」，却有「说话好像龙」的口。众人都同意这必是某位大骗子，他在宗教的幌子之下迷惑人的灵魂。天主教徒以为这是指阿波罗尼乌斯·提拉努斯（Apollonius Tyranæus）；但摩尔博士已驳斥了这见解，而把它定在教皇制的教会权势上。教皇显出羊羔的角，自称是基督在地上的代表，因而拥有他的权能与权柄；但他的言语将他显露，因为他所颁布的那些假教义和残忍的教令，表明他是属龙的，不是属羔羊的。
二、他所运用的权柄：「头一个兽所有的权柄」（启13:12）；他推进同样的利益，在实质上追求同样的设计，就是把人从敬拜真神引开，去敬拜那些本不是神的，并把人的灵魂和良心服在人的意志和权柄之下，与神的旨意相抗。这设计既为教皇制所推进，也为异教所推进；教皇制既以诡诈的巧计推进这事，也借着世俗的膀臂推进这事，两者都为魔鬼的利益效力，只是方式不同。
三、这第二个兽用以推进其利益与设计的方法；共有三类：——1. 虚谎的奇事，假装的神迹，借此他们受迷惑，被说服去敬拜头一个兽如今为他所造的新像或新形；他们会假装像以利亚那样从天上降火，神有时也容许他的仇敌，像容许埃及的术士那样，行看似非常奇妙的事，借此粗心大意之人可能受骗。众所周知，教皇的国度长久以来都靠假装的神迹来支撑。2. 绝罚、咒诅、严厉的惩戒，借此他们假装把人从基督隔绝，将他们交在魔鬼的权下，实则把他们交给世俗的权势，使他们被处死；因此，尽管他们伪善可鄙，他们被公正地指控杀害了那些他们所不能腐蚀的人。3. 剥夺权利，不容任何不肯敬拜那教皇之兽，即异教之兽的像的人，享受天然的、公民的或地方的权利。无论是买卖自然权利，还是谋取有利可图和受信任的职位，都必须「在额上」、「在右手上」有「兽的印记」，并有「兽的名」和「兽名的数目」。很可能「印记」、「名」和「兽名的数目」都是指同一件事——即他们公开承认自己臣服顺从教皇制，这是在额上受印记；他们并且约束自己尽一切势力、权柄和努力去推动教皇的权威，这是在右手上受印记。据记载，教皇马丁五世在他附加于康斯坦茨公会议的谕书中，禁止罗马天主教徒容许任何异端分子居住在他们境内，或与他们作买卖、从事任何行业、担任任何公职；这正是这预言非常清楚的应验。
四、我们在此有「兽的数目」，其给法显出神无限的智慧，并要充分运用人一切的智慧与精确：「这数目是人的数目」，按人中间常用的方法计算，是666。这究竟是教皇制中所包含的错误与异端的数目，还是如另一些人所言，是从其兴起到倾覆的年数，未能确定；至于这些预言数字所描述的究竟是哪一时期，更无法确定。论这难题最受推崇的论文是波特博士（Dr. Potter）所作，好学之人可在其中得着充分的满足。在我看来，这是神保留在他自己权中之中的一个时候；我们仅知，神已在他一切仇敌身上写了「弥尼·提客勒」；他已经数算他们的日子，他们必将完结，而他自己国度必存到永远。
英文原文
The Second Beast (95 AD)
¹¹ And I beheld another beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like a lamb, and he spake as a dragon.
¹² And he exerciseth all the power of the first beast before him, and causeth the earth and them which dwell therein to worship the first beast, whose deadly wound was healed.
¹³ And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men,
¹⁴ And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live.
¹⁵ And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed.
¹⁶ And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads:
¹⁷ And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.
¹⁸ Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.
Those who think the first beast signifies Rome pagan by this second beast would understand Rome papal, which promotes idolatry and tyranny, but in a more soft and lamb-like manner: those that understand the first beast of the secular power of the papacy take the second to intend its spiritual and ecclesiastical powers, which act under the disguise of religion and charity to the souls of men. Here observe,
I. The form and shape of this second beast: He had two horns like a lamb, but a mouth that spoke like the dragon. All agree that this must be some great impostor, who, under a pretence of religion, shall deceive the souls of men. The papists would have it to be Apollonius Tyranæus; but Dr. More has rejected that opinion, and fixes it upon the ecclesiastical powers of the papacy. The pope shows the horns of a lamb, pretends to be the vicar of Christ upon earth, and so to be vested with his power and authority; but his speech betrays him, for he gives forth those false doctrines and cruel decrees which show him to belong to the dragon, and not to the Lamb.
II. The power which he exercises: All the power of the former beast (Re 13:12); he promotes the same interest, pursues the same design in substance, which is, to draw men off from worshipping the true God to worshipping those who by nature are no gods, and subject the souls and consciences of men to the will and authority of men, in opposition to the will of God. This design is promoted by the popery as well as by paganism, and by the crafty arts of popery as well as by the secular arm, both serving the interests of the devil, though in a different manner.
III. The methods by which this second beast carried on his interests and designs; they are of three sorts:—1. Lying wonders, pretended miracles, by which they should be deceived, and prevailed with to worship the former beast in this new image or shape that was now made for him; they would pretend to bring down fire from heaven, as Elias did, and God sometimes permits his enemies, as he did the magicians of Egypt, to do things that seem very wonderful, and by which unwary persons may be deluded. It is well known that the papal kingdom has been long supported by pretended miracles. 2. Excommunications, anathemas, severe censures, by which they pretend to cut men off from Christ, and cast them into the power of the devil, but do indeed deliver them over to the secular power, that they may be put to death; and thus, notwithstanding their vile hypocrisy, they are justly charged with killing those whom they cannot corrupt. 3. By disfranchisement, allowing none to enjoy natural, civil, or municipal rights, who will not worship that papal beast, that is, the image of the pagan beast. It is made a qualification for buying and selling the rights of nature, as well as for places of profit and trust, that they have the mark of the beast in their forehead and in their right hand, and that they have the name of the beast and the number of his name. It is probable that the mark, the name, and the number of the beast, may all signify the same thing—that they make an open profession of their subjection and obedience to the papacy, which is receiving the mark in their forehead, and that they oblige themselves to use all their interest, power, and endeavour, to promote the papal authority, which is receiving the mark in their right hands. We are told that pope Martin V. in his bull, added to the council of Constance, prohibits Roman catholics from suffering any heretics to dwell in their countries, or to make any bargains, use any trades, or bear any civil offices, which is a very clear interpretation of this prophecy.
IV. We have here the number of the beast, given in such a manner as shows the infinite wisdom of God, and will sufficiently exercise all the wisdom and accuracy of men: The number is the number of a man, computed after the usual manner among men, and it is 666. Whether this be the number of the errors and heresies that are contained in popery, or rather, as others, the number of the years from its rise to its fall, is not certain, much less what that period is which is described by these prophetic numbers. The most admired dissertation on this intricate subject is that of Dr. Potter, where the curious may find sufficient entertainment. It seems to me to be one of those seasons which God has reserved in his own power; only this we know, God has written Mene Tekel upon all his enemies; he has numbered their days, and they shall be finished, but his own kingdom shall endure for ever.
本章我们看见对教会仇敌的进一步揭示与描述：并非提及与先前不同的仇敌，而是以另一种方式加以描述，好使他们敌对的手段更完全地显明出来。他们被描述为两只兽：第一只的记述见于启 13:1-10，第二只见于启 13:11-18，等等。有人认为第一只代表异教的罗马，第二只代表教皇的罗马；但另有人认为这两只兽都代表教皇的罗马，第一只代表其属世权势，第二只代表其属灵权势。