1
Jeremiah 23:1
英文原文
The pastors - shepherds, i. e., civil rulers Jeremiah 2:8.
The sheep of My pasture - literally, of My pasturing, the sheep of whom I am shepherd. The people do not belong to the rulers but to God.
2
Jeremiah 23:2
這些牧人先是在屬靈上分散了羊群，因為他們引誘百姓陷入拜偶像；其次，有許多人確實曾隨約哈斯被帶到埃及，許多人在約雅敬年間逃往那裡，另有些人則投靠了迦勒底人；最後，國中的精英隨約雅斤被擄到巴比倫。
「趕散」——意即使他們成了被逐出的人。在東方，牧人從不驅趕羊群，而是走在羊群前面（John 10:4-5）。
「沒有看顧他們」——意即不曾關心他們的為人與行為。
英文原文
They had scattered them first spiritually by leading them into idolatry; and secondly, many had literally been taken to Egypt with Jehoahaz, many in Jehoiakim's time had fled there, while others fell away to the Chaldaeans: and finally the best of the land had been carried to Babylon with Jeconiah.
Driven away - i. e., made them outcasts. In the East, shepherds never drive their flocks, but go ahead of them John 10:4-5.
Have not visited them - i. e., have not concerned yourselves about their conduct.
3
Jeremiah 23:3
對君王們雖沒有復興的應許，對百姓卻有（見 Jeremiah 4:27），因為他們是被自己的統治者引入歧途的。
「趕他們到各國」——惡牧人引百姓犯罪，使他們被趕入被擄之地；神則藉施行懲罰趕逐他們。
「本圈」——或作「他們的草場」。
英文原文
While there is no promise of restoration for the kings, there is for the people (see Jeremiah 4:27), because they had been led astray by their rulers.
Have driven them - The evil shepherds drove the people into exile by leading them into sin: and God by inflicting punishment.
Their folds - Or, their pastures.
4
Jeremiah 23:4
牧人——像以斯拉、尼希米和馬加比家族那樣、蒙神特別興起的人。就屬地的王位而言，這乃是對那賜給大衛之應許（2 Samuel 7:12-16）的撤回。
「不再懼怕……」——良好治理的果效，將是普遍的安全。
「也不缺少一個」——沒有一隻羊會走失或喪失。
英文原文
Shepherds - Men like Ezra, Nehemiah, and the Maccabees, raised up especially by God. It is a revocation of the promise made to David 2 Samuel 7:12-16 so far as the earthly throne was concerned.
They shall fear no more ... - The effect of good government will be general security.
Neither shall they be lacking - Not one sheep shall be missing or lost.
5
Jeremiah 23:5
即使按屬世而論王位已被廢除,大衛的恩典仍必堅定。
「公義的苗裔」——或作「嫩芽」(sprout)、「萌芽」(germ)(見以賽亞書4:2註)。嫩芽是根藉以萌發生長之處;嫩芽若被毀壞,根也必隨之枯亡。
「必有王掌權」——寧作:「他必作王掌權」。大衛家要在屬世層面被廢去王位,好在屬靈層面榮耀作王。但參耶利米書33:17註;耶利米書33:25註。
英文原文
Even with the temporal kingship abolished, David's mercies are still sure.
A righteous Branch - Or, sprout, germ (see Isaiah 4:2 note). The sprout is that in which the root springs up and grows, and which, if it be destroyed, makes the root perish also.
And a king shall reign ... - Rather, and he shall reign as king. David's family is to be dethroned (temporally), that it may reign gloriously (spiritually). But compare Jeremiah 33:17, note; Jeremiah 33:25, note.
6
Jeremiah 23:6
This is…his name…he shall…be called（這是他必稱為之名）——自古以來，這裡所論到的那位一直被理解為「the…righteous germ（公義的苗裔／義的幼芽）」，惟有這解釋符合文法與文義。然而，由於耶利米（Jer 33:15-16）也把這名應用在耶路撒冷身上，有些人便認為這是指以色列。
the Lord…OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS（耶和華我們的義）——彌賽亞在此被稱為：
(1) 耶和華，以及
(2) 我們的義，因為他憑自己的功績稱我們為義。
有些人譯作：「耶和華藉他施行公義的那位」。在那種解釋裡，「義」指個人的聖潔，即稱義之後聖靈所成的工作。
英文原文
This is his name whereby he shall be called - From remote antiquity the person here spoken of has been understood to be "the righteous germ," and this alone is in accordance with the grammar and the sense. Nevertheless, because Jeremiah Jer 33:15-16 applies the name also to Jerusalem, some understand it of Israel.
the Lord OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS - Messiah is here called:
(1) Yahweh, and
(2) our righteousness, because He justifies us by His merits.
Some render, He by whom Yahweh works righteousness. Righteousness is in that case personal holiness, which is the work of the Spirit after justification.
9
Jeremiah 23:9
「因那些先知」——更佳的譯法是：「論那些先知」。這些字應放在開頭，因為它是這部分預言（Jeremiah 23:9-40）的標題。
英文原文
Because of the prophets - Rather, concerning "the prophets." These words should come first, as being the title of this portion of the prophecy Jeremiah 23:9-40.
10
Jeremiah 23:10
「因起誓」——更佳的譯法是：「因那咒詛」，即向罪所宣告的咒詛（Jeremiah 11:3）。「悲哀」大概指旱災（Jeremiah 12:4）。
「美好的草場」——即「牧場」。
「他們的行動」——指他們的生活方式。
「他們的勢力」——「他們的英勇」，即他們引以自負的勇士氣概，「不正」，意即邪曲（見 Jeremiah 8:6 註釋）。
英文原文
Because of swearing - Rather, because of the curse denounced against sin Jeremiah 11:3. The mourning probably refers to the drought Jeremiah 12:4.
The pleasant places - "Pastures."
Their course - Their mode of life.
Their force is not right - "Their heroism," that on which they pride themselves as mighty men, "is not right," is wrong (see Jeremiah 8:6 note).
11
Jeremiah 23:11
「先知和祭司都褻瀆」——他們按職分本是分別為聖歸神的，卻因罪使自己成為凡俗不潔。見 Jeremiah 3:9 註釋。
「是的，在我的殿中」——這可指諸如以利眾子所犯的罪（1 Samuel 2:22），或指他們以拜偶像的禮儀玷污了聖殿。
英文原文
For both prophet and priest are profane - While by their office they are consecrated to God, they have made themselves common and unholy by their sins. See Jeremiah 3:9 note.
Yea, in my house - This may refer to sins such as those of the sons of Eli 1 Samuel 2:22, or that they had defiled the temple by idolatrous rites.
12
Jeremiah 23:12
每一個字都表明他們傾覆的必然。「他們的路如同黑暗中的滑地」；在這路上，「他們被猛烈推倒」。外在的境遇，助長那選擇罪惡之路的人加速奔向毀滅。
英文原文
Every word denotes the certainty of their fall. "Their path is like slippery places in darkness:" and on this path "they are pushed with violence." External circumstances assist in urging on to ruin those who choose the path of vice.
13
Jeremiah 23:13
「我也看見愚妄的事……」——宜作「我也看見了」。先知將撒瑪利亞的先知與耶路撒冷的先知作對比。在前者的行為中，神看見了愚妄（按字面是「無味的」，即未經鹽醃的）。奉偶像巴力之名說預言，乃是愚昧之舉。
「在巴力裏」——即奉巴力的名。
英文原文
And I have seen folly ... - Rather, "Also I have seen." The prophet contrasts the prophets of Samaria with those of Jerusalem. In the conduct of the former God saw folly (literally that which is insipid, as being unsalted). It was stupidity to prophesy by Baal, an idol.
In Baal - i. e., in the name of Baal.
14
Jeremiah 23:14
宜作「但在耶路撒冷的先知中」等。他們的行為比巴力的祭司受到更嚴厲的譴責。
「他們堅固……」——第一是因疏於警告和責備罪人；第二是因他們壞榜樣的直接影響。
「他們都是」——他們已成了「他們全都」那樣，即指耶路撒冷的眾民，而不僅是先知。
英文原文
Rather, "But in the prophets of Jerusalem" etc. Their conduct is more strongly condemned than that of the Baal-priests.
They strengthen ... - First by neglecting to warn and rebuke sinners: secondly by the direct influence of their bad example.
They are all of them - They have become, "all of them," i. e., the people of Jerusalem, and not the prophets only.
15
Jeremiah 23:15
「褻瀆的事」——即玷污聖物。
英文原文
Profaneness - Desecration.
16
Jeremiah 23:16
百姓如何分辨假先知與真先知？前者所傳的信息使人滿懷虛妄的盼望，或是憑自己的臆造「說異象」。
英文原文
How were the people to know the false prophets from the true? The former bring a message that fills with vain hopes, or "speak a vision" out of their own invention.
17
Jeremiah 23:17
「仍然」——即「不斷地」。這節提供了辨別假先知的主要標準，即他的預言違背道德律。
英文原文
Still - "Continually." This verse gives the chief test by which the false prophet is to be detected, namely, that his predictions violate the laws of morality.
18
Jeremiah 23:18
先知如今把這標準應用於時局。旋風已經發出（Jeremiah 23:19）。這些假先知若曾站在神的祕密「議會」中（Jeremiah 23:22 亦同），他們就會像耶利米一樣，竭力使人離開惡道，好消除那危險。
英文原文
The prophet now applies this test to the circumstances of the times. A whirlwind has already gone forth Jeremiah 23:19. Had these false prophets stood in God's secret "Council" (so in Jeremiah 23:22), they like Jeremiah would have labored to avert the danger by turning men from their evil way.
19
Jeremiah 23:19
宜作「看哪，耶和華的暴風——猛烈的怒氣已經發出，旋風必落在惡人頭上」。
英文原文
Rather, "Behold, the tempest of Yahweh, even hot anger hath gone forth and a whirlwind shall burst upon the head of the wicked."
20
Jeremiah 23:20
「末後的日子」——指任何事件或一連串事件完全而終極的發展。因此這說法用來指作為猶太教會完全發展的基督教恩典時代。這裏指耶路撒冷的毀滅，即猶太人之罪的結果。
「明白」——宜作「領悟」。耶路撒冷被毀之後，被擄之人——經苦難得了教訓——必領悟：給本國帶來傾覆的正是罪。
英文原文
The latter days - The proper and final development of any event or series of events. Thus, the expression is used of the Christian dispensation as the full development of the Jewish Church. Here it means the destruction of Jerusalem, as the result of the sins of the Jews.
Consider - Rather, understand. When Jerusalem is destroyed, the exiles - taught by adversity - will understand that it was sin which brought ruin upon their country.
21
Jeremiah 23:21
「奔跑」——即急於親自擔起先知職分的責任。
英文原文
Ran - i. e., hurried to take upon them the responsibilites of the prophetic office.
22
Jeremiah 23:22
「他們若使他們回轉……」——使人從惡轉向善，乃是真先知的工作。
英文原文
They should have turned them ... - The work of the true prophet, which is to turn men from evil unto good.
23
Jeremiah 23:23
「近處」——或作「附近」。這是訴諸神的全能，以證明先知們的邪惡：祂的能力不受限制，並非只能察覺靠近祂的事，而是遍及萬有。
英文原文
At hand - Or, near. An appeal to the omnipotence of God in demonstration of the wickedness of the prophets. His power is not limited, so that He can notice only things close to Him, but is universal.
25
Jeremiah 23:25
在 Deuteronomy 13:1，「作夢的」用於壞的意義，而且有其理由：神藉夢傳達旨意，這事太容易偽造，難免被人濫用。
英文原文
In Deuteronomy 13:1 "a dreamer of dreams" is used in a bad sense, and with reason. God communicating His will by dreams was a thing too easy to counterfeit for it not to be misused.
26
Jeremiah 23:26
有人這樣譯：「要到幾時呢？在那些說謊言、說心中詭詐的先知心裏，豈存着這樣的意念——他們存心要藉彼此述說的夢，使我的百姓忘記我的名嗎？」
英文原文
Some translate, "How long? Is it in the heart of the prophets that prophesy lies, and prophesy the deceit of their heart - do they purpose to make My people forget My name by their dreams which they tell one to another?"
27
Jeremiah 23:27
「對他的鄰舍」——即彼此之間，對他周圍的人，對任何人。
「正如他們列祖……」——宜作「正如他們的列祖因巴力忘了我的名」。把夢看得重要的迷信，與徹底的拜偶像一樣，完全把神排出人的心思。
英文原文
To his neighbor - i. e., to one another, to the people about him, to anyone.
As their fathers ... - Rather, "as their fathers forgot My name through Baal." The superstition which attaches importance to dreams keeps God as entirely out of men's minds as absolute idolatry.
28
Jeremiah 23:28
「夢……誠實地」——宜作「如『夢』……如真理」。夢不過是夢，就當照實這樣述說；神的話卻要作為確定、絕對的真理傳講。
夢是糠秕，毫無價值，內裏空無所有；麥子——經清洗揚淨後的純淨穀粒——乃是神的話。這兩者有何相同之處呢？
英文原文
A dream ... faithfully - Rather, as "a dream"... as truth. The dream is but a dream, and is to be told as such, but God's word is to be spoken as certain and absolute truth.
The dreams are the chaff, worthless, with nothing in them; the wheat, the pure grain after it is cleansed and winnowed is God's word. What have these two in common?
29
Jeremiah 23:29
「如火」——神的話是偉大的煉淨者，燒滅一切虛假，只留下真金屬。比較 Hebrews 4:12。
「如錘……」——神的話喚醒並堅固良心，擊碎心中一切邪惡。
英文原文
Like as a fire - God's word is the great purifier which destroys all that is false and aves, only the genuine metal. Compare Hebrews 4:12.
Like a hammer ... - God's word rouses and strengthens the conscience and crushes within the heart everything that is evil.
30
Jeremiah 23:30
耶利米依次指出假先知教訓的主要特徵。第一：他們彼此偷竊神的話。他們既沒有從神而來的信息，便試圖模仿真先知。
英文原文
Jeremiah gives in succession the main characteristics of the teaching of the false prophets. The first is that they steal God's words from one another. Having no message from God, they try to imitate the true prophets.
31
Jeremiah 23:31
「用自己舌頭的」——按字面是「取自己舌頭的」。這是他們的第二個特徵：他們沒有從神而來的信息，卻拿起自己惟一的工具——舌頭——說「祂說」，採用耶和華確認自己話語真實性時所用的莊嚴套語。莊嚴的斷言似乎給他們的空虛增添了實感。
英文原文
That use their tongues - literally, that take their tongues. Their second characteristic. They have no message from God, but they take their tongues, their only implement, and say, He saith, using the solemn formula by which Yahweh affirms the truth of His words. Solemn asseverations seemed to give reality to their emptiness.
32
Jeremiah 23:32
這是第三個特徵。見 Jeremiah 23:25。
「輕浮」——即虛妄空洞的言談。
英文原文
The third characteristic. See Jeremiah 23:25.
Lightness - Vain, empty, talk.
33
Jeremiah 23:33
「重擔」——在此指預言，原因有二：
(1) 因它是有分量之物；
(2) 因它是大聲說出的話。
以賽亞使這詞通用起來；耶利米卻從未用過，儘管他的預言全是關於將臨的災禍。假先知卻抓住這詞的雙關，用它譏誚耶利米的預言，把莊嚴的現實變為戲謔（見 Jeremiah 23:34）。
「甚麼重擔呢？」——或照另一種讀法：「你們就是那重擔。」
「我必將你們撇棄」——宜作「我必把你們丟棄」。從重擔的概念，自然引出不肯背負、把它甩脫的想法。
英文原文
Burden - Here a prophecy, either
(1) as being something weighty: or
(2) a something said aloud.
Isaiah brought the word into general use: Jeremiah never used it, though his predictions were all of impending evil. The false prophets, however, applied it in derision to Jeremiah's prophecies, playing upon its double sense, and so turning solemn realities into mockery (see Jeremiah 23:34).
What burden? - Or, according to another reading, Ye are the burden.
I will even forsake you - Rather, and I will cast you away. From the idea of a burden the thought naturally arises of refusing to bear it, and throwing it off.
35
Jeremiah 23:35
這些是指預言的恰當用詞：百姓前來求問耶和華時，應稱為「答覆」；無人求問而送出的，應稱為「祂的話」。
英文原文
The proper words for prophecy. It is to be called an answer when the people have come to inquire of Yahweh: but His word when it is sent unasked.
36
Jeremiah 23:36
「各人的話……」——宜作「各人的重擔必成為他的話」，即他對「重擔」一詞的戲用，必壓垮並毀滅他。
「曲解」——即使之成為可笑之物。
英文原文
Every man's word ... - Rather, every man's burden shall be his word; i. e., his mocking use of the word "burden" shall weigh him down and crush him.
Perverted - i. e., put into a ridiculous light.
38
Jeremiah 23:38
「……因為」——或作「但你們若說」。
英文原文
Since - Or, But if ye say.
39
Jeremiah 23:39
當譯作：「所以看哪，我必將你們舉起（或：使你們負重），把你們連同我賜給你們和你們列祖的城，從我面前拋出去。」
英文原文
Translate, "Therefore, behold, I will even take you up (or will burden you), and I will cast you, and the city which I gave you and your fathers, out of my presence."
「牧人」——即牧者，指民事的統治者（Jeremiah 2:8）。
「我草場之羊」——直譯作「屬我牧養的」，就是以我為牧者的羊。百姓不屬於那些統治者，而是屬於神。