1
2Ki 10:1-17.
英文原文
2Ki 10:1-17.
JEHU CAUSES SEVENTY OF AHAB'S CHILDREN TO BE BEHEADED.
1-4. Ahab had seventy sons in Samaria--As it appears
(2Ki 10:13),
that grandsons are included it is probable that this number comprehended the whole posterity of Ahab. Their being all assembled in that capital might arise from their being left there on the king's departure for Ramoth-gilead, or from their taking refuge in some of the strongholds of that city on the news of Jehu's conspiracy. It may be inferred from the tenor of Jehu's letters that their first intention was to select the fittest of the royal family and set him up as king. Perhaps this challenge of Jehu was designed as a stroke of policy on his part to elicit their views, and to find out whether they were inclined to be pacific or hostile. The bold character of the man, and the rapid success of his conspiracy, terrified the civic authorities of Samaria and Jezreel into submission.
5
無標題
5. 家宰——即王宮的總管或內務大臣。
養育王子的人——古時，至今在許多東方國家也是如此，主要的達官顯貴受命負責王室王子的供養與教育。這牽涉沉重的開支，他們被迫承擔，但他們也設法從與朝廷關聯的種種好處中尋求若干補償。
英文原文
5. he that was over the house--the governor or chamberlain of the palace.
the bringers-up of the children--Anciently, and still also in many Eastern countries, the principal grandees were charged with the support and education of the royal princes. This involved a heavy expense which they were forced to bear, but for which they endeavored to find some compensation in the advantages of their connection with the court.
6
無標題
6. 你們主人的眾子的首級，你們取來——得勢的篡位者將一切對王位可能有權要求的人盡行屠戮，這野蠻的做法在東方古今的歷史中屢見不鮮。
英文原文
6. take ye the heads of the men, your master's sons--The barbarous practice of a successful usurper slaughtering all who may have claims to the throne, has been frequently exemplified in the ancient and modern histories of the East.
8
無標題
8. 你們把首級在城門口堆作兩堆，云云——將敵人的首級示眾，素來被視為光榮的戰利品。有時在王宮門口堆起一堆首級，並挑選一顆相貌特別出眾的置於這座金字塔的頂端。
英文原文
8. Lay ye them in two heaps at the entering in of the gate, &c.--The exhibition of the heads of enemies is always considered a glorious trophy. Sometimes a pile of heads is erected at the gate of the palace; and a head of peculiarly striking appearance selected to grace the summit of the pyramid.
9
無標題
9-11. 對眾民說：你們是公義的，云云——一大群人聚集觀看這新奇可怖的景象。耶戶對圍觀者所發的話，措辭巧妙，為要使眾人產生一種印象：如此大規模的屠殺，是神對亞哈家所宣告之審判的結果；其效果是預備民心，使不久之後所行的另一樁同樣令人髮指的慘劇得以被人毫無驚駭地聽聞——那就是亞哈王朝一切有勢力的朋友與支持者，包括猶大王室中人在內，都被滅盡。
英文原文
9-11. said to all the people, Ye be righteous, &c.--A great concourse was assembled to gaze on this novel and ghastly spectacle. The speech which Jehu addressed to the spectators was artfully framed to impress their minds with the idea that so wholesale a massacre was the result of the divine judgments denounced on the house of Ahab; and the effect of it was to prepare the public mind for hearing, without horror, of a similar revolting tragedy which was soon after perpetrated, namely, the extinction of all the influential friends and supporters of the dynasty of Ahab, including those of the royal house of Judah.
13
無標題
13, 14. 我們是亞哈謝的弟兄——即非親兄弟，而是異母兄弟，是約蘭由眾妾所生的兒子。他們不知道局勢已經變天，正前往撒瑪利亞探望以色列的王室親屬，途中被拿住處死，因恐怕他們可能激勵並壯大那仍忠於亞哈王朝的一黨。
王后的兒子——即太后（或攝政）耶洗別的兒子。
英文原文
13, 14. We are the brethren of Ahaziah--that is, not full, but step-brothers, sons of Jehoram by various concubines. Ignorant of the revolution that had taken place, they were travelling to Samaria on a visit to their royal relatives of Israel, when they were seized and put to death, because of the apprehension that they might probably stimulate and strengthen the party that still remained faithful in their allegiance to Ahab's dynasty.
children of the queen--that is, of the queen mother, or regent, Jezebel.
15
無標題
15-18. 利甲的兒子約拿達——（見
代上 2:55)。
他因敬虔和簡樸古樸的生活方式
(耶 35:1-19)，
極受尊崇，在國中具有極大的影響力。耶戶立刻看出這位可敬的老人在百姓眼中的友誼和支持，對他的事業會帶來何等益處，便以極隆重的禮遇邀他登上自己的車。
把你的手給我——不只是攙他上車，更是為了意義更重大深遠的目的——伸手相握，是當時公認的締結聯盟或立約的方式，也是向新君王效忠的方式；因此經上說：「他〔約拿達〕就給他〔耶戶〕伸手。」
英文原文
15-18. Jehonadab the son of Rechab--(See
1Ch 2:55).
A person who, from his piety and simple primitive manner of life
(Jer 35:1-19),
was highly esteemed, and possessed great influence in the country. Jehu saw in a moment the advantage that his cause would gain from the friendship and countenance of this venerable man in the eyes of the people, and accordingly paid him the distinguished attention of inviting him to a seat in his chariot.
give me thine hand--not simply to aid him in getting up, but for a far more significant and important purpose--the giving, or rather joining hands, being the recognized mode of striking a league or covenant, as well as of testifying fealty to a new sovereign; accordingly, it is said, "he [Jehonadab] gave him [Jehu] his hand."
18
2Ki 10:18-29.
王下 10:18-29.
耶戶滅盡拜巴力的人
英文原文
2Ki 10:18-29.
HE DESTROYS THE WORSHIPPERS OF BAAL.
19
無標題
19. 為我召眾巴力的先知來——巴力的信徒在此按先知、祭司與僕人（或一般敬拜者）等頭銜分類列出。他們很容易被召集到一座寬敞的廟中，因為人數已大為減少——既因以利亞和以利沙大有影響的服事，也因先王約蘭疏於並中止了這崇拜。耶戶安排為巴力獻隆重祭、並召聚一切敬拜者前來參與，是一個深思熟慮的計謀，他已決意藉此將他們滅盡；這舉措完全合乎摩西律法，也是以色列立憲君王當有的作為。然而他這樣作，並非出於宗教動機，而純粹是政治動機——因為他相信巴力派的存在與利益與亞哈王朝密不可分，也因為他盼望藉著滅盡他們，可以贏得以色列中敬拜神的那更大、更有影響力之一派的擁戴。約拿達之所以同意參與，必定是以為他完全是出於最崇高的敬虔與熱心。
英文原文
19. call unto me all the prophets of Baal--The votaries of Baal are here classified under the several titles of prophets, priests, and servants, or worshippers generally. They might be easily convened into one spacious temple, as their number had been greatly diminished both by the influential ministrations of Elijah and Elisha, and also from the late King Joram's neglect and discontinuance of the worship. Jehu's appointment of a solemn sacrifice in honor of Baal, and a summons to all his worshippers to join in its celebration, was a deep-laid plot, which he had resolved upon for their extinction, a measure in perfect harmony with the Mosaic law, and worthy of a constitutional king of Israel. It was done, however, not from religious, but purely political motives, because he believed that the existence and interests of the Baalites were inseparably bound up with the dynasty of Ahab and because he hoped that by their extermination he would secure the attachment of the far larger and more influential party who worshipped God in Israel. Jehonadab's concurrence must have been given in the belief of his being actuated solely by the highest principles of piety and zeal.
22
無標題
22. 為巴力的眾崇拜者拿出禮服來——巴力的祭司在履行職務時，大概穿著白色細麻布袍；這些袍子由一名專責官員保管在巴力廟中一個特定的衣庫裏。這次詭詐的屠殺及其所採用的手段，與近代東方歷史中近衛軍被屠殺及其他可怖慘劇相仿。
英文原文
22. Bring forth vestments for all the worshippers of Baal--The priests of Baal were clad, probably, in robes of white byssus while they were engaged in the functions of their office, and these were kept under the care of an officer in a particular wardrobe of Baal's temple. This treacherous massacre, and the means taken to accomplish it, are paralleled by the slaughter of the Janissaries and other terrible tragedies in the modern history of the East.
29
無標題
29. 只是耶戶……不離開耶羅波安使以色列人陷在罪裏的那罪——耶戶並不打算把他為耶和華所發的熱心推行到某個限度之上；他既認為鼓勵百姓上耶路撒冷朝聖是不智之舉，便重新設立了以牛犢為象徵的崇拜。
英文原文
29. Howbeit from the sins of Jeroboam . . . Jehu departed not from after them--Jehu had no intention of carrying his zeal for the Lord beyond a certain point, and as he considered it impolitic to encourage his subjects to travel to Jerusalem, he re-established the symbolic worship of the calves.
2Ki 10:1-17.
耶戶使人 將亞哈的 七十個兒子 斬首
1-4. 亞哈在撒瑪利亞有七十個兒子——既然
(2Ki 10:13)
顯示連孫子也包括在內,那麼這個數目大概涵蓋了亞哈的全族後裔。他們全都聚集在那一都城中,或因王前往基列的拉末時將他們留在那裡;或因耶戶陰謀的風聲傳來,他們便在該城某處的堅固城中尋求庇護。從耶戶信件的語氣可以推斷,他們最初的意圖是從王室中挑選最合適的人選立為王。也許耶戶這一挑釁,乃是他出於策略而有意試探對方的態度,要查明他們是願意求和還是要頑抗。這人剛強的性格,加之他陰謀的迅速得逞,使撒瑪利亞和耶斯列的民政官長驚恐而屈服。