1
2Ki 21:1-18.
英文原文
2Ki 21:1-18.
MANASSEH'S WICKED REIGN, AND GREAT IDOLATRY.
1-3. Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign--He must have been born three years after his father's recovery; and his minority, spent under the influence of guardians who were hostile to the religious principles and reforming policy of his father, may account in part for the anti-theocratic principles of his reign. The work of religious reformation which Hezekiah had zealously carried on was but partially accomplished. There was little appearance of its influence on the heart and manners of the people at large. On the contrary, the true fear of God had vanished from the mass of the people; corruption and vice increased, and were openly practised
(Isa 28:7,
&c.) by the degenerate leaders, who, having got the young prince Manasseh into their power, directed his education, trained him up in their views, and seduced him into the open patronage of idolatry. Hence, when he became sovereign, he introduced the worship of idols, the restoration of high places, and the erection of altars or pillars to Baal, and the placing, in the temple of God itself, a graven image of Asherah, the sacred or symbolic tree, which represented "all the host of heaven." This was not idolatry, but pure star-worship, of Chaldaic and Assyrian origin [KEIL]. The sun, as among the Persians, had chariots and horses consecrated to it
(2Ki 23:11);
and incense was offered to the stars on the housetops
(2Ki 23:12; 2Ch 33:5; Jer 19:13; Zep 1:5),
and in the temple area with the face turned toward the sunrise
(Eze 8:16).
5
無標題
5. 耶和華殿的兩個院——即祭司的院與百姓的大院。
英文原文
5. the two courts of the house of the Lord--the court of the priests, and the large court of the people.
6
無標題
6. 使他的兒子經火——（參見
王下 16:3)。
觀兆——由觀察雲氣而來。
用法術——戲法與咒語。
交鬼的——《七十士譯本》作「腹語者」，他們假裝向鬼魂求問，並將所得到的答覆轉告他人。
行巫術的——即「智者」或「有知識的人」，他們自稱能揭開隱秘、尋回失物與隱藏的寶藏、並解夢。這類騙子從迦勒底大批湧入以色列地以營謀厚利，屢見不鮮，尤其是在後期諸王在位年間更為盛行；瑪拿西不僅慷慨資助他們，更熱衷於親自成為這些法術的能手。他把他們提拔為朝廷中頗具影響力的一個階層，一如他們在亞述與巴比倫朝廷中的地位——在那裏，若非先確定吉時、得著美滿結局的應許，便甚麼也不作。
英文原文
6. made his son pass through the fire--(See on
2Ki 16:3).
observed times--from an observation of the clouds.
used enchantments--jugglery and spells.
dealt with familiar spirits--Septuagint, "ventriloquists," who pretended to ask counsel of a familiar spirit and gave the response received from him to others.
and wizards--wise or knowing ones, who pretended to reveal secrets, to recover things lost and hidden treasure, and to interpret dreams. A great influx of these impostors had, at various times, poured from Chaldea into the land of Israel to pursue their gainful occupations, especially during the reigns of the latter kings; and Manasseh was not only their liberal patron, but zealous to appear himself an adept in the arts. He raised them to be an influential class at his court, as they were in that of Assyria and Babylon, where nothing was done till they had ascertained the lucky hour and were promised a happy issue.
7
無標題
7. 他又立雕刻的神像——將亞舍拉安置於那專為敬拜真神而設的聖殿範圍之內，被強調為這位拜偶像的王所作最嚴重的褻瀆。
英文原文
7. And he set a graven image--The placing of the Asherah within the precincts of the temple, which was dedicated to the worship of the true God, is dwelt upon as the most aggravated outrage of the royal idolater.
8
無標題
8. 我也不再使以色列人的腳……離開我所賜給他們列祖的地——暗指那應許
(撒下 7:10)。
只要他們謹守，云云——這條件從以色列人初栽於迦南之時就已宣告。但那百姓非但沒有遵守，反而在瑪拿西的惡劣影響之下，被引誘陷入比原住迦南人更嚴重的偶像崇拜腐敗之中。
英文原文
8. Neither will I make the feet of Israel move . . . out of the land which I gave their fathers--alluding to the promise
(2Sa 7:10).
only if they will observe, &c.--This condition was expressed from the first plantation of Israel in Canaan. But that people not only did not keep it, but through the pernicious influence of Manasseh, were seduced into greater excesses of idolatrous corruption than even the original Canaanites.
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無標題
10-17. 耶和華藉祂僕人眾先知說——這些先知就是何西阿、約珥、那鴻、哈巴谷與以賽亞。他們的謀略、訓誡與先知性警告，都被記錄在國家史冊上
(代下 33:18)， 如今構成聖經正典的一部分。
英文原文
10-17. And the Lord spake by his servants the prophets--These were Hosea, Joel, Nahum, Habakkuk, and Isaiah. Their counsels, admonitions, and prophetic warnings, were put on record in the national chronicles
(2Ch 33:18)
and now form part of the sacred canon.
12
無標題
12. 凡聽見的，必耳鳴——一種有力的比喻，用以宣告一件非凡而可怖的事件（見
撒上 3:11； 耶 19:3；
又
哈 1:5)。
英文原文
12. whosoever heareth of it, both his ears shall tingle--a strong metaphorical form of announcing an extraordinary and appalling event (see
1Sa 3:11; Jer 19:3;
also
Hab 1:5).
13
無標題
13. 撒瑪利亞的準繩，和亞哈家的線鉈——被判滅亡的俘虜有時被集合起來，用準繩和線鉈加以量度劃分
(撒下 8:2； 賽 34:11； 摩 7:7)；
因此撒瑪利亞的準繩，是指為毀滅撒瑪利亞而拉的繩；亞哈家的線鉈，是要滅盡他那背道之家；此處這威脅性宣告的意思是：猶大必如撒瑪利亞與亞哈王朝那樣被徹底毀滅。
我要擦淨耶路撒冷，云云——同一厄運以一個無可置疑地意味深長的比喻，被更強烈地宣告出來。
英文原文
13. the line of Samaria, and the plummet of the house of Ahab--Captives doomed to destruction were sometimes grouped together and marked off by means of a measuring-line and plummet
(2Sa 8:2; Isa 34:11; Am 7:7);
so that the line of Samaria means the line drawn for the destruction of Samaria; the plummet of the house of Ahab, for exterminating his apostate family; and the import of the threatening declaration here is that Judah would be utterly destroyed, as Samaria and the dynasty of Ahab had been.
I will wipe Jerusalem, &c.--The same doom is denounced more strongly in a figure unmistakably significant.
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無標題
14. 我必離棄我的產業所剩下的——即猶大人——他們是選民中唯一存留的。主既離棄他們，後果便是他們必落入敵人的手中。
英文原文
14. I will forsake the remnant of mine inheritance--The people of Judah, who of all the chosen people alone remained. The consequence of the Lord's forsaking them would be their fall into the power of their enemies.
16
無標題
16. 此外，瑪拿西流了無辜人的血——他並不滿足於庇護和實行可憎的偶像崇拜，還殘酷地迫害一切不肯附從的人。那地被好人的血所漫溢；按傳統所記，以賽亞也在其中，他被鋸鋸死，死狀可怖（參見
來 11:37)。
英文原文
16. Moreover Manasseh shed innocent blood--Not content with the patronage and the practice of idolatrous abomination, he was a cruel persecutor of all who did not conform. The land was deluged with the blood of good men; among whom it is traditionally said Isaiah suffered a horrid death, by being sawn asunder (see on
Heb 11:37).
19
2Ki 21:19-26.
王下 21:19-26.
亞們的邪惡治期
19-24. 亞們登基的時候年二十二歲——這位王子延續他父親拜偶像的政策；在位兩年、毫無建樹之後，被自家僕人弒殺。百姓殺了那弒君的叛黨，立他兒子約西亞接續作王。
英文原文
2Ki 21:19-26.
AMON'S WICKED REIGN.
19-24. Amon was twenty and two years old when he began to reign--This prince continued the idolatrous policy of his father; and, after an inglorious reign of two years, he was massacred by some of his own domestics. The people slew the regicide conspirators and placed his son Josiah on the throne.
2Ki 21:1-18.
瑪拿西 行惡 的統治
和 極大的 偶像崇拜
1-3. 瑪拿西登基的時候年十二歲——他必是在其父痊癒之後三年出生的;他的未成年時期,是在那些敵对其父宗教原則與改革政策的監護人影響之下度過的,這或可部分解釋他執政期間反神權原則的緣由。希西家所熱心推行的宗教改革工作,不過完成了一部分。改革對廣大百姓的心靈與行為的影響微乎其微。相反,真正敬畏神的心已從百姓群眾中消失;腐敗與邪惡滋長,並公然行之
(Isa 28:7
等),敗壞的領袖們既將年幼的王子瑪拿西握在掌中,便主導他的教育,按他們的觀點培育他,引誘他公然贊助偶像崇拜。因此,他一旦登基作王,便引入了偶像崇拜,恢復了邱壇,為巴力築壇或立柱,並在神的殿中安放亞舍拉——就是那代表「天上的萬象」的神聖或象徵性的樹的雕刻像。這不是普通的偶像崇拜,而是源自迦勒底和亞述的純粹星象崇拜[KEIL]。正如波斯人那樣,太陽也有分別為聖的戰車和馬匹
(2Ki 23:11);
人在房頂上向眾星燒香
(2Ki 23:12; 2Ch 33:5; Jer 19:13; Zep 1:5),
並在聖殿範圍內面向日出之地燒香
(Eze 8:16)。