1
2Sa 17:1-14.
英文原文
2Sa 17:1-14.
AHITHOPHEL'S COUNSEL OVERTHROWN BY HUSHAI.
1-11. Moreover Ahithophel said unto Absalom--The recommendation to take prompt and decisive measures before the royalist forces could be collected and arranged, evinced the deep political sagacity of this councillor. The adoption of his advice would have extinguished the cause of David; and it affords a dreadful proof of the extremities to which the heartless prince was, to secure his ambitious objects, prepared to go, that the parricidal counsel "pleased Absalom well, and all the elders of Israel." It was happily overruled, however, by the address of Hushai, who saw the imminent danger to which it would expose the king and the royal cause. He dwelt upon the warlike character and military experience of the old king--represented him and his adherents as mighty men, who would fight with desperation; and who, most probably, secure in some stronghold, would be beyond reach, while the smallest loss of Absalom's men at the outset might be fatal to the success of the conspiracy. But his dexterity was chiefly displayed in that part of his counsel which recommended a general levy throughout the country; and that Absalom should take command of it in person--thereby flattering at once the pride and ambition of the usurper. The bait was caught by the vainglorious and wicked prince.
12
無標題
12. 我們就如露水降在地上一般臨到他——對東方人的心思而言，再沒有別的比喻能比這自然的水氣靜悄悄、不可抗拒又迅速地降在每一塊田地和每一片草葉上，更生動地描繪敵人突襲的情景了。
英文原文
12. we will light upon him as the dew falleth on the ground--No image could have symbolized the sudden onset of an enemy so graphically to an Oriental mind as the silent, irresistible, and rapid descent of this natural moisture on every field and blade of grass.
13
無標題
13. 以色列眾人必用繩索拉那城——在圍攻城池時，常將鉤子或吊架拋到城牆或城樓上，繫上繩索，攻城的人齊心合力，將城牆成片地拉倒，化為廢墟。
英文原文
13. all Israel shall bring ropes to that city--In besieging a town, hooks or cranes were often thrown upon the walls or turrets, by which, with ropes attached to them, the besiegers, uniting all their force, pulled down the fortifications in a mass of ruins.
14
無標題
14. 亞基人戶篩的謀略比亞希多弗的謀略更好——因為他所提出的理由極其動聽，又用東方人所喜聞的那種誇張語言加以表達，足以使東方人的想像為之傾倒，於是眾人便決定採納戶篩的建議；他們這個決定直接導致了叛亂的失敗，儘管這議會本身不過是那由耶和華掌控之手所握住的因果鏈條中的一環而已。
英文原文
14. The counsel of Hushai the Archite is better than the counsel of Ahithophel--The reasons specified being extremely plausible, and expressed in the strong hyperbolical language suited to dazzle an Oriental imagination, the council declared in favor of Hushai's advice; and their resolution was the immediate cause of the discomfiture of the rebellion, although the council itself was only a link in the chain of causation held by the controlling hand of the Lord.
15
2Sa 17:15-22.
2Sa 17:15-22.
暗中送信給大衛。
英文原文
2Sa 17:15-22.
SECRET INTELLIGENCE SENT TO DAVID.
16
無標題
16. 你要速速差人去告訴大衛——戶篩顯然懷疑自己的建議會被採納，便下令將所發生的一切暗中通知大衛，並極力勸他立即渡過約旦河，一刻也不可耽延，免得亞希多弗的辯才和影響力改變了王子的心意，使他當即下令追趕。
英文原文
16. send quickly, and tell David--Apparently doubting that his advice would be followed, Hushai ordered secret intelligence to be conveyed to David of all that transpired, with an urgent recommendation to cross the Jordan without a moment's delay, lest Ahithophel's address and influence might produce a change on the prince's mind, and an immediate pursuit be determined on.
17
無標題
17. 在隱羅結——就是耶路撒冷附近的洗衣匠之泉，位於欣嫩子谷與約沙法谷匯合處之下方。
英文原文
17. by En-rogel--the fuller's well in the neighborhood of Jerusalem, below the junction of the valley of Hinnom with that of Jehoshaphat.
18
無標題
18. 到了巴戶琳一個人的房子裡，那人的院子裡有一口井——這院子是房屋的院子，那井是一口空的水池。所有較好的房子都設有這樣的蓄水池。這些井中有一口因為缺水而乾涸，是再容易不過的事；一旦乾了，就可以作藏身之處，正如大衛的朋友在巴戶琳那人家中所找到的。在井口上鋪開遮蓋物來晾乾穀物，是常見的做法。
英文原文
18. and came to a man's house in Bahurim, which had a well in his court--The court was that of the house, and the well an empty cistern. All the houses of the better class are furnished with such reservoirs. Nothing could more easily happen than that one of these wells, in consequence of a deficiency of water, should become dry and it would then answer as a place of retreat, such as David's friends found in the man's house at Bahurim. The spreading of a covering over the well's mouth for the drying of corn is a common practice.
23
2Sa 17:23-29.
2Sa 17:23-29.
亞希多弗自縊。
23. 亞希多弗見不依從他的計謀——他的虛榮受了傷，他的自尊受了挫，發現自己的權威已經不再；但這懊喪又被別的感受加劇了——他痛苦地意識到，因著所定的耽延，押沙龍的事業已經完了。於是他急忙回家，安排好家事；他知道報復的風暴將主要落在他這個叛亂的煽動者和支柱身上，便自縊而死。可以注意，那時以色列人並不拒絕為自盡者舉行葬禮。他有一個效法者，就是猶大——猶大在背叛和可恥的結局上都與他相似。
英文原文
2Sa 17:23-29.
AHITHOPHEL HANGS HIMSELF.
23. when Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed--His vanity was wounded, his pride mortified on finding that his ascendency was gone; but that chagrin was aggravated by other feelings--a painful conviction that through the delay which had been resolved on, the cause of Absalom was lost. Hastening home, therefore, he arranged his private affairs, and knowing that the storm of retributive vengeance would fall chiefly upon him as the instigator and prop of the rebellion, he hanged himself. It may be remarked that the Israelites did not, at that time, refuse the rites of sepulture even to those who died by their own hands. He had an imitator in Judas, who resembled him in his treason, as well as in his infamous end.
24
無標題
24. 大衛到了瑪哈念——位於基列東部高原，是伊施波設政府的所在地。
押沙龍渡過了約旦河——聖經沒有說明中間隔了多久，但必然有足夠的時間在全國進行預定的徵兵。
英文原文
24. Then David came to Mahanaim--in the high eastern country of Gilead, the seat of Ish-bosheth's government.
Absalom passed over Jordan--It is not said how long an interval elapsed, but there must have been sufficient time to make the intended levy throughout the kingdom.
25
無標題
25. 亞瑪撒——從家譜可以看出，這位首領與約押一樣，都是大衛的外甥。當然，亞瑪撒是押沙龍的表兄弟；他本人雖是以色列人，他父親卻是以實瑪利人
(1Ch 2:17)。
拿轄——有人認為這是耶西的另一個名字，也有人認為是耶西妻子的名字。
英文原文
25. Amasa--By the genealogy it appears that this captain stood in the same relation to David as Joab, both being his nephews. Of course, Amasa was Absalom's cousin, and though himself an Israelite, his father was an Ishmaelite
(1Ch 2:17).
Nahash--is thought by some to be another name of Jesse, or according to others, the name of Jesse's wife.
27
無標題
27-29. 大衛到了瑪哈念的時候——王和他隨從的需要，由三位首領慷慨地供應，他們的忠誠在聖經的記述中得了尊榮的記載。
朔比——想必是哈嫩的兄弟。他大概不贊成那年輕王對以色列使者的侮辱，大衛征服亞捫之後，便立他作亞捫的總督。
瑪吉——（見
2Sa 9:4）。有人認為他是拔示巴的兄弟。
巴西萊——一位富有的老紳士，他年事已高、體弱多病，使他對落難君王的忠心格外感人。他們所帶來的物資（除供疲乏之人安歇的床鋪之外），是他們富饒的土地和牧場所出產的主要物產，可分類如下：食物——小麥、大麥、麵粉、豆子、扁豆、綿羊、乳酪；飲品——「蜂蜜與奶油」即凝乳，二者混合，成為一種稀薄的稀釋飲品，清淡、清涼、提神。這被視為奢侈的款待
(So 4:11)，
他們供應這些，顯示出大衛在瑪哈念那些忠心耿耿的臣民對他極大的敬意。
英文原文
27-29. when David was come to Mahanaim--The necessities of the king and his followers were hospitably ministered to by three chiefs, whose generous loyalty is recorded with honor in the sacred narrative.
Shobi--must have been a brother of Hanun. Disapproving, probably, of that young king's outrage upon the Israelite ambassadors, he had been made governor of Ammon by David on the conquest of that country.
Machir--(See
2Sa 9:4).
Supposed by some to have been a brother of Bath-sheba, and
Barzillai--a wealthy old grandee, whose great age and infirmities made his loyal devotion to the distressed monarch peculiarly affecting. The supplies they brought, which (besides beds for the weary) consisted of the staple produce of their rich lands and pastures, may be classified as follows: eatables--wheat, barley, flour, beans, lentils, sheep, and cheese; drinkables--"honey and butter" or cream, which, being mixed together, form a thin, diluted beverage, light, cool, and refreshing. Being considered a luxurious refreshment
(So 4:11),
the supply of it shows the high respect that was paid to David by his loyal and faithful subjects at Mahanaim.
29
無標題
29. 曠野——從耕種的高原向外延伸，直到浩蘭的草原地帶。
英文原文
29. in the wilderness--spread out beyond the cultivated tablelands into the steppes of Hauran.
2Sa 17:1-14.
亞希多弗的計謀被戶篩推翻。
1-11. 亞希多弗又對押沙龍說——他建議在保王派的軍隊尚未集結整編之前，立即採取果斷的行動，這顯明了這位謀士深遠的政治眼光。倘若採納他的建議，大衛的事業便將就此終結；而這番弒父之謀「押沙龍和以色列的長老都以這話為美」，正可怖地說明這無情王子為達其野心目的，已預備走到何等地步。然而戶篩憑其機智加以駁回，因他看出此計將使王和王室大業陷入迫在眉睫的危險。他著重陳明老王的勇武性情和豐富戰績——形容他和他的黨羽都是猛士，必拚死力戰；而且他們多半已據守某一堅壘，難以觸及，押沙龍的人馬在起頭時即使損失少許，也可能使叛亂功敗垂成。然而他的機巧最顯於他建議在全國作總動員，並要押沙龍親自統領——如此一來，既奉承了篡位者的驕傲，又迎合了他的野心。那虛榮邪惡的王子果然中了這誘餌。