1
Eze 25:1-17.
英文原文
Eze 25:1-17.
APPROPRIATELY IN THE INTERVAL OF SILENCE AS TO THE JEWS IN THE EIGHT CHAPTERS, (TWENTY-FIFTH THROUGH THIRTY-SECOND) EZEKIEL DENOUNCES JUDGMENTS ON THE HEATHEN WORLD KINGDOMS.
If Israel was not spared, much less the heathen utterly corrupt, and having no mixture of truth, such as Israel in its worst state possessed
(1Pe 4:17, 18).
Their ruin was to be utter: Israel's but temporary
(Jer 46:28).
The nations denounced are seven, the perfect number; implying that God's judgments would visit, not merely these, but the whole round of the heathen foes of God. Babylon is excepted, because she is now for the present viewed as the rod of God's retributive justice, a view too much then lost sight of by those who fretted against her universal supremacy.
3
無標題
3.
(Jer 49:1)。
當……被褻瀔；……當……荒涼；……當……被擄——更確切地說，「因……因……因」：這是亞捫人對耶路撒冷幸災樂禍、傲慢歡呼的原因。他們特別為「聖所」的傾覆而歡喜，視之為異教主義勝過耶和華競爭性主張的勝利。在約沙法時代，當第八十三篇詩篇寫成之時
(Ps 83:4, 7, 8, 12，
「亞捫……幫助羅得的子孫」，他們因此是那不聖潔聯盟的首領，「讓我們為自己奪取神的居所為業」），我們看到同樣褻瀔的靈。如今他們邪惡的心願似乎終於在耶路撒冷的傾覆中實現了。亞捫是羅得的後裔，據有約但河以東的地區，北面以雅博河與亞摩利人分隔，南面以亞嫩河與摩押分隔。他們是巴比倫毀滅耶路撒冷時的輔助兵力
(2Ki 24:2)。
英文原文
3.
(Jer 49:1).
when . . . profaned; . . . when . . . desolate; . . . when . . . captivity--rather, "for . . . for . . . for": the cause of the insolent exultation of Ammon over Jerusalem. They triumphed especially over the fall of the "sanctuary," as the triumph of heathenism over the rival claims of Jehovah. In Jehoshaphat's time, when the eighty-third Psalm was written
(Ps 83:4, 7, 8, 12,
"Ammon . . . holpen the children of Lot," who were, therefore, the leaders of the unholy conspiracy, "Let us take to ourselves the houses of God in possession"), we see the same profane spirit. Now at last their wicked wish seems accomplished in the fall of Jerusalem. Ammon, descended from Lot, held the region east of Jordan, separated from the Amorites on the north by the river Jabbok, and from Moab on the south by the Arnon. They were auxiliaries to Babylon in the destruction of Jerusalem
(2Ki 24:2).
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無標題
4. 東方人——字面作「東方之子」，即約但河與死海以東、阿拉伯沙漠的遊牧部落。
宮殿——他們以泥牆環繞的遊牧營地或羊圈，以諷刺的方式如此稱呼。你的「宮殿」曾經矗立之處，將要有他們截然不同的「宮殿」矗立。這在尼布甲尼撒毀滅耶路撒冷後不久蹂躪其地區之時應驗（比較
Eze 21:22; Jer 49:1-28)。
英文原文
4. men of . . . east--literally, "children of the East," the nomad tribes of Arabia-Deserta, east of the Jordan and the Dead Sea.
palaces--their nomadic encampments or folds, surrounded with mud walls, are so called in irony. Where thy "palaces" once stood, there shall their very different "palaces" stand. Fulfilled after the ravaging of their region by Nebuchadnezzar, shortly after the destruction of Jerusalem (compare
Eze 21:22; Jer 49:1-28).
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無標題
5. 拉巴——意為「大」，亞捫的京城。在多利買王朝治下，它以非拉鐵非之名重建；遺址現稱安曼，但無人居住。
亞捫人——即亞捫地區將成為「羊群躺臥之處」，即阿拉伯人的羊群。「駱駝」作為迦勒底人的主要負重之獸，被列於首位，因他們的入侵要為阿拉伯「羊群」預備亞捫之地。昔日繁忙的人聲，將換成「靜默躺臥的羊群」。
英文原文
5. Rabbah--meaning "the Great," Ammon's metropolis. Under the Ptolemies it was rebuilt under the name Philadelphia; the ruins are called Amman now, but there is no dwelling inhabited.
Ammonites--that is, the Ammonite region is to be a "couching place for flocks," namely of the Arabs. The "camels," being the chief beast of burden of the Chaldeans, are put first, as their invasion was to prepare the Ammonite land for the Arab "flocks." Instead of busy men, there shall be "still and couching flocks."
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無標題
6, 7. 「因為你拍你的手」，為耶路撒冷的傾覆而歡喜，「我也必向你伸出我的手」（
Eze 21:17
或許也指此，「我必將我的手一擊」）。
手……腳……心——以全然的內心感受，以及一切外在的表現。頓足意為歡喜跳舞。
英文原文
6, 7. "Because thou hast clapped thine hands," exulting over the downfall of Jerusalem, "I also will stretch out Mine hand upon thee" (to which
Eze 21:17
also may refer, "I will smite Mine hands together").
hands . . . feet . . . heart--with the whole inward feeling, and with every outward indication. Stamping with the foot means dancing for joy.
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無標題
7. 掠物——如此 希伯來文邊註，即 Keri，相對於正文或 Chetib 的「肉食」（參
結二十六5，三十四28）。
他們的貨財要成為「敵人的掠物」；他們的邦國要被「剪除」，不再成為一「國民」；而他們作為個人，多半要被「滅亡」。
英文原文
7. a spoil--so the Hebrew Margin, or Keri, for the text or Chetib, "meat" (so
Eze 26:5; 34:28).
Their goods were to be a "spoil to the foe"; their state was to be "cut off," so as to be no more a "people"; and they were as individuals, for the most part, to be "destroyed."
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8. 摩押、西珥和亞捫是彼此相連的國家，從北邊的基列一直延伸到紅海，連成一線。因此他們自然地採取一致行動，並共同敵視猶大。
猶大與……外邦人一樣——猶太人的下場不比別人好：事奉耶和華對他們毫無益處，而他們說耶和華是唯一的真神。
英文原文
8. Moab, Seir, and Ammon were contiguous countries, stretching in one line from Gilead on the north to the Red Sea. They therefore naturally acted in concert, and in joint hostility to Judea.
Judah is like . . . all . . . heathen--The Jews fare no better than others: it is of no use to them to serve Jehovah, who, they say, is the only true God.
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9-10. 開啟……從那些城邑——我必破開摩押的側翼（或邊界）（比喻取自一個側翼敞開受擊的人），從他亞嫩河以外西北邊界上的城邑（方向），那地曾分給流便
（書十三15-21），
如今卻在原主手中；「東方人」，即遊牧的貝都因部族，將經由這些城邑進入摩押並蹂躪它。摩押果然被他們如此蹂躪，以致遠在基督時代之前，它已在沙漠部族中消融殆盡。GROTIUS 將「城邑」譯作專有名詞 Ar 和 Aroer，位於亞嫩河上。因此，「城邑」的希伯來文「Ar」重複了兩次
（民二十一28； 申二36； 賽十五1）。
這地之榮——摩押地區比亞捫更富庶；相當於今之貝爾卡，是南敘利亞最富饒的地區，因此成為貝都因人多次爭奪的戰場。故此這裡稱之為「榮美之地」（字面意思是「地的榮耀」或「裝飾」）〔FAIRBAIRN〕。更恰當地說，「這地之榮」與緊接其前的「城邑」同位，其名稱隨即列出。
伯耶施末——意為「荒涼之城」；也許因某次圍困而得名；它位於西邊。
巴力免——又稱「伯米恩」
（耶四十八23），
「伯巴力勉」
（書十三17，
因巴力崇拜而得名），以及單稱「伯斯」
（賽十五2）。
基列亭——「雙城」。這些城邑的堅固孕育了摩押的「驕傲」
（賽十六6）。
英文原文
9, 10. open . . . from the cities--I will open up the side, or border of Moab (metaphor from a man whose side is open to blows), from the (direction of) the cities on his northwest border beyond the Arnon, once assigned to Reuben
(Jos 13:15-21),
but now in the hands of their original owners; and the "men of the east," the wandering Bedouin hordes, shall enter through these cities into Moab and waste it. Moab accordingly was so wasted by them, that long before the time of Christ it had melted away among the hordes of the desert. For "cities," GROTIUS translates the Hebrew as proper names, the Ar and Aroer, on the Arnon. Hence the Hebrew for "cities," "Ar" is repeated twice
(Nu 21:28; De 2:36; Isa 15:1).
glory of the country--The region of Moab was richer than that of Ammon; it answers to the modern Belka, the richest district in South Syria, and the scene in consequence of many a contest among the Bedouins. Hence it is called here a "glorious land" (literally, "a glory," or "ornament of a land") [FAIRBAIRN]. Rather, "the glory of the country" is in apposition with "cities" which immediately precedes, and the names of which presently follow.
Beth-jeshimoth--meaning "the city of desolations"; perhaps so named from some siege it sustained; it was towards the west.
Baal-meon--called also "Beth-meon"
(Jer 48:23),
and "Beth-baal-meon"
(Jos 13:17,
called so from the worship of Baal), and "Bajith," simply
(Isa 15:2).
Kiriathaim--"the double city." The strength of these cities engendered "the pride" of Moab
(Isa 16:6).
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無標題
10. 與亞捫人——FAIRBAIRN 解釋並譯為「在亞捫人身上」（省略式，即「我必向東方人開放摩押，他們既已踐踏亞捫人，就必隨而攻擊摩押」）。MAURER 如英文譯本，作「與亞捫人」，即摩押「連同亞捫地」，要向東方人「敞開」，任其進入佔據
（耶四十九1-39）。
英文原文
10. with the Ammonites--FAIRBAIRN explains and translates, "upon the children of Ammon" (elliptically for, "I will open Moab to the men of the east, who, having overrun the children of Ammon, shall then fall on Moab"). MAURER, as English Version, "with the Ammonites," that is, Moab, "together with the land of Ammon," is to be thrown "open to the men of the east," to enter and take possession
(Jer 49:1-39).
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無標題
12. 報仇——字面意思是「以報復施行報復」，即最不鬆懈的報復。這不是單純的仇恨，而是深沉醞釀、不可平息的報復。以東或以掃的怨恨，起初是因雅各奪去了以撒的祝福
（創二十五23，二十七27-41）。
這報復的念頭因雅各非同尋常的善意而消減——那善意來自與雅各摔跤禱告者所賜的福；但當以掃的後裔看見較幼的支派崛起到他們認為理當屬於自己的卓越地位時，這怨恨就作為世仇重新燃起。更近的原因是大衛使以東臣服於以色列
（撒下八14）。
因此他們藉著加入迦勒底人毀滅耶路撒冷來發洩怨恨
（詩一三七7； 哀四22； 俄10-14），
然後攔截並殺害逃亡的猶太人
（摩一11）， 並佔據一部分猶太土地直到希伯崙。
英文原文
12. taking vengeance--literally, "revenging with revengement," that is, the most unrelenting vengeance. It was not simple hatred, but deep-brooding, implacable revenge. The grudge of Edom or Esau was originally for Jacob's robbing him of Isaac's blessing
(Ge 25:23; 27:27-41).
This purpose of revenge yielded to the extraordinary kindness of Jacob, through the blessing of Him with whom Jacob wrestled in prayer; but it was revived as an hereditary grudge in the posterity of Esau when they saw the younger branch rising to the pre-eminence which they thought of right belonged to themselves. More recently, for David's subjugation of Edom to Israel
(2Sa 8:14).
They therefore gave vent to their spite by joining the Chaldeans in destroying Jerusalem
(Ps 137:7; La 4:22; Ob 10-14),
and then intercepting and killing the fugitive Jews
(Am 1:11)
and occupying part of the Jewish land as far as Hebron.
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無標題
13. 提幔……底但——更恰當地譯為「我必使它從南方的提幔直到西北方的底但荒涼」〔GROTIUS〕，
（耶四十九8），
即全國從南到北，從死海以南延伸到紅海的亞喀巴灣。
英文原文
13. Teman . . . they of Dedan--rather, "I will make it desolate from Teman (in the south) even to Dedan (in the northwest)" [GROTIUS],
(Jer 49:8),
that is, the whole country from north to south, stretching from the south of the Dead Sea to the Elanitic gulf of the Red Sea.
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無標題
14. 藉……我的民以色列——即藉猶大馬加比。以土買人最終被約翰許爾堪強迫受割禮，併入猶太國（見
賽三十四5，六十三1
等；馬加比一書五3）。在基督時代，這合併如此完全，以致以土買出身的希律家族作為猶太人，統治這兩個種族如同一個百姓。如此古時的預言應驗了
（創二十五23），
「將來大的要服事小的。」
英文原文
14. by . . . my people Israel--namely, by Judas Maccabeus. The Idumeans were finally, by compulsory circumcision, incorporated with the Jewish state by John Hyrcanus (see
Isa 34:5; 63:1,
&c.; 1 Maccabees 5:3). So complete was the amalgamation in Christ's time, that the Herods of Idumean origin, as Jews, ruled over the two races as one people. Thus the ancient prophecy was fulfilled
(Ge 25:23),
"The elder shall serve the younger."
15
無標題
15.
（撒上十三1至十四52； 代下二十八18）。
「舊恨」是指他們對立約之民持續的敵意。他們沿海岸分佈在猶大的另一側，與亞捫和摩巴相對。他們被烏西雅
（代下二十六6）
和希西家
（王下十八8）
所擊敗。尼布甲尼撒在圍攻推羅之後前往埃及途中，蹂躪了沿海諸城
（耶四十七1-7）。
神必向那些從祂手中奪取報復之權、自行報復的人施報
（羅十二19-21； 雅二13）。
英文原文
15.
(1Sa 13:1-14:52; 2Ch 28:18).
The "old hatred" refers to their continual enmity to the covenant-people. They lay along Judea on the seacoast at the opposite side from Ammon and Moab. They were overthrown by Uzziah
(2Ch 26:6),
and by Hezekiah
(2Ki 18:8).
Nebuchadnezzar overran the cities on the seacoast on his way to Egypt after besieging Tyre
(Jer 47:1-7).
God will take vengeance on those who take the avenging of themselves out of His hands into their own
(Ro 12:19-21; Jas 2:13).
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無標題
16. 剪除基利提人——希伯來文中有諧音雙關，hichratti cherethim，「我必殺滅那殺滅者」。這名稱可能因其好戰的性情而賜給非利士人的一部分
（撒上三十14，三十一3）。
他們精通箭術，因此大衛從他們中招募衛隊
（撒下八18，十五18，二十7）。
他們出自迦斐託，許多人認定為克里特——該地以箭術聞名，且Cherethim之名與之相似。雖然在遷徙中——大多趨向西——克里特似乎更可能是從非利士殖民而來，而非非利士從克里特殖民，但一部分克里特人可能定居在南非利士的基利提，而非利士人作為一個民族可能最初來自東方（參
申二23； 耶四十七4； 摩九7； 番二5）。
在
創十14
中，非利士人與迦斐託人有別，據說出自卡斯盧希人；因此基利提人不過是非利士人的一部分， 撒上三十14
證實了這一點。
剩餘的——即地中海「海岸上」的：那些在撒母耳、大衛、希西家和埃及的普撒美提克——法老尼哥之父——先前的擊打之後剩下的人
（耶二十五20）。
英文原文
16. cut off the Cherethims--There is a play on similar sounds in the Hebrew, hichratti cherethim, "I will slay the slayers." The name may have been given to a section of the Philistines from their warlike disposition
(1Sa 30:14; 31:3).
They excelled in archery, whence David enrolled a bodyguard from them
(2Sa 8:18; 15:18; 20:7).
They sprang from Caphtor, identified by many with Crete, which was famed for archery, and to which the name Cherethim seems akin. Though in emigration, which mostly tended westwards, Crete seems more likely to be colonized from Philistia than Philistia from Crete, a section of Cretans may have settled at Cherethim in South Philistia, while the Philistines, as a nation, may have come originally from the east (compare
De 2:23; Jer 47:4; Am 9:7; Zep 2:5).
In
Ge 10:14
the Philistines are made distinct from the Caphtorim, and are said to come from the Casluhim; so that the Cherethim were but a part of the Philistines, which
1Sa 30:14
confirms.
remnant of--that is, "on the seacoast" of the Mediterranean: those left remaining after the former overthrows inflicted by Samuel, David, Hezekiah, and Psammetichus of Egypt, father of Pharaoh-necho
(Jer 25:20).
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無標題
17. 知道……報復——他們必認識我，不是在憐憫中，而是藉著我對他們的報復
（詩 9:16）。
英文原文
17. know . . . vengeance--They shall know Me, not in mercy, but by My vengeance on them
(Ps 9:16).
Eze 25:1-17.
恰在這八章（第二十五至三十二章）論及猶太人的沉默間期中，以西結向異邦世界列國宣告審判。
以色列尚且不得倖免，何況那完全敗壞、沒有絲毫真理攙雜的異邦——而以色列即使在其最壞的狀態中仍擁有真理
(1Pe 4:17, 18)。
他們的毀滅將是徹底的；以色列的毀滅不過是暫時的
(Jer 46:28)。
被宣告審判的列國共有七個，是完全的數目；暗示神的審判不僅要臨到這些國家，更要臨到所有敵擋神之異邦的全數。巴比倫不在其中，因為此時她被視為神報應公義的杖——當時那些對她稱霸天下憤憤不平的人，太忽視了這一點。