1
Eze 27:1-36.
英文原文
Eze 27:1-36.
TYRE'S FORMER GREATNESS, SUGGESTING A LAMENTATION OVER HER SAD DOWNFALL.
2
無標題
2. 哀歌——一首喪禮的輓歌，頌揚她的偉大特質，以使她昔日與後來狀態之間的對比更為鮮明。
英文原文
2. lamentation--a funeral dirge, eulogizing her great attributes, to make the contrast the greater between her former and her latter state.
3
無標題
3. 居住在海口——字面為複數「入口」，即港口或避風港；指推羅的雙港口，船隻從海島南北兩端繞行進入，因此無論風從哪個方向吹來，船隻都能輕易找到入口（比較
Eze 28:2)。
為許多島嶼的商埠——即東西方許多沿海民族的貿易中心
(Isa 23:3)，
「萬國的商埠」。
極其榮美——
(Eze 28:12)。
英文原文
3. situate at the entry of the sea--literally, plural, "entrances," that is, ports or havens; referring to the double port of Tyre, at which vessels entered round the north and south ends of the island, so that ships could find a ready entrance from whatever point the wind might blow (compare
Eze 28:2).
merchant of . . . people for many isles--that is, a mercantile emporium of the peoples of many seacoasts, both from the east and from the west
(Isa 23:3),
"a mart of nations."
of perfect beauty--
(Eze 28:12).
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無標題
4. 推羅與她四面環海的位置相稱——她與大陸之間隔著半英里的海峽——被描繪為一艘用最好材料建造、配備最優秀水手和技術高超領航員的船，最終卻在暴風雨的海中遇難
(Eze 27:26)。
英文原文
4. Tyre, in consonance with her seagirt position, separated by a strait of half a mile from the mainland, is described as a ship built of the best material, and manned with the best mariners and skilful pilots, but at last wrecked in tempestuous seas
(Eze 27:26).
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無標題
5. 示尼珥——黑門山或反利巴嫩山南峰的亞摩利名稱
(De 3:9)；
西頓名為西連。「你所有的……板」；希伯來文為雙數形式，「雙板」，即船兩側所構成的板以雙重排列放置〔VATABLUS〕。或指兩側或兩端——船頭和船尾——每條船都有的〔MUNSTER〕。
香柏樹——因其高度與耐久性，最適合作「桅杆」。
英文原文
5. Senir--the Amorite name of Hermon, or the southern height of Anti-libanus
(De 3:9);
the Sidonian name was Sirion. "All thy . . . boards"; dual in Hebrew, "double-boards," namely, placed in a double order on the two sides of which the ship consisted [VATABLUS]. Or, referring to the two sides or the two ends, the prow and the stern, which every ship has [MUNSTER].
cedars--most suited for "masts," from their height and durability.
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6. 巴珊——以橡樹聞名，正如利巴嫩以香柏樹聞名。
亞設人的公司——從亞述召來的最巧匠人。更確切地說，按希伯來文拼法的要求，「他們用象牙鑲嵌在香柏木之女中，製造你的（劃槳）座板」〔MAURER〕，或作最好的黃楊木。
FAIRBAIRN 與 BOCHART 將希伯來文兩個詞讀為一個詞：「他們用象牙鑲以盒子，作你的板舖（甲板：而非『座板』，因希伯來文為單數）。」英文版經 MAURER 修正後更為簡單。
基提——居比路和馬其頓，PLINY 告訴我們，最好的黃楊木來自那裡〔GROTIUS〕。
英文原文
6. Bashan--celebrated for its oaks, as Lebanon was for its cedars.
the company of . . . Ashurites--the most skilful workmen summoned from Assyria. Rather, as the Hebrew orthography requires, "They have made thy (rowing) benches of ivory inlaid in the daughter of cedars" [MAURER], or, the best boxwood. FAIRBAIRN, with BOCHART, reads the Hebrew two words as one: "Thy plankwork (deck: instead of 'benches,' as the Hebrew is singular) they made ivory with boxes." English Version, with MAURER'S correction, is simpler.
Chittim--Cyprus and Macedonia, from which, PLINY tells us, the best boxwood came [GROTIUS].
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7. 繡花……帆——古人常以極大代價繡製船帆，尤其是埃及人，他們的細麻布（仍保存在木乃伊中）質地極為精細。
以利沙——希臘；因 Elis 而得名，那是伯羅奔尼撒半島一個廣大而古老的區域。PAUSANIAS 說那裡出產最上等的細麻布，希臘其他地方皆無；HOMER 稱之為 Alisium。
遮蓋你的——你的帳篷頂蓋。
英文原文
7. broidered . . . sail--The ancients embroidered their sails often at great expense, especially the Egyptians, whose linen, still preserved in mummies, is of the finest texture.
Elishah--Greece; so called from Elis, a large and ancient division of Peloponnesus. PAUSANIAS says that the best of linen was produced in it, and in no other part of Greece; called by HOMER, Alisium.
that which covered thee--thy awning.
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8. 亞瓦底——靠近腓尼基的一個小島和城市，即今 Ruad：其居民至今仍以航海習慣著稱。
推羅啊……你的智慧人……你的舵手——亞瓦底人，曾是你的同儕
（創十18），
西頓人，曾是你的上級，都被你用在「水手」的從屬職位上，你卻使自己熟練的人獨佔指揮和領航之位。這暗示推羅在政治和商業上的優越地位。
英文原文
8. Arvad--a small island and city near Phœnicia, now Ruad: its inhabitants are still noted for seafaring habits.
thy wise men, O Tyrus . . . thy pilots--While the men of Arvad, once thy equals
(Ge 10:18),
and the Sidonians, once thy superiors, were employed by thee in subordinate positions as "mariners," thou madest thine own skilled men alone to be commanders and pilots. Implying the political and mercantile superiority of Tyre.
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9. 迦巴勒——位於貝魯特與的黎波里之間的腓尼基城邑和地區，以能工巧匠著稱
（王上五18，
邊註；
詩八十三7）。
填縫匠——填塞船隻縫隙的人：延續關於推羅的比喻。
交易你的商品——即與你交換商品。
英文原文
9. Gebal--a Phœnician city and region between Beirut and Tripolis, famed for skilled workmen
(1Ki 5:18,
Margin;
Ps 83:7).
calkers--stoppers of chinks in a vessel: carrying on the metaphor as to Tyre.
occupy thy merchandise--that is, to exchange merchandise with thee.
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10. 波斯……弗——來自極東和極西的勇士。
路德——小亞細亞靠近門德雷斯河的呂底亞人，以箭術著稱
（賽六十六19）； 而非非洲的呂底亞人，因為小亞細亞的呂底亞人在波斯和弗（古利奈附近的利比亞人，持盾的勇士，
耶四十六9， 是含的兒子弗的後裔）之間形成一種中間的環節。
掛……盾牌……華美——戰士將他們的裝備掛在牆上作裝飾。除去比喻，意思是有如此眾多的國家供應傭兵給你，對你而言是一種榮耀。
英文原文
10. Persia . . . Phut--warriors from the extreme east and west.
Lud--the Lydians of Asia Minor, near the Meander, famed for archery
(Isa 66:19);
rather than those of Ethiopia, as the Lydians of Asia Minor form a kind of intermediate step between Persia and Phut (the Libyans about Cyrene, shielded warriors,
Jer 46:9,
descended from Phut, son of Ham).
hanged . . . shield . . . comeliness--Warriors hanged their accoutrements on the walls for ornament. Divested of the metaphor, it means that it was an honor to thee to have so many nations supplying thee with hired soldiers.
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11. 伽瑪底人——更恰當地譯為，因推羅人是敘利亞-腓尼基人，從一個亞蘭文字根，意為勇敢，「勇士」〔LUDOVICUS DE DIEU〕。在「塔樓」中守望不太可能交給外邦人。另有人從希伯來文字根譯為「短劍」
（士三16），
即「短劍士」。
英文原文
11. Gammadims--rather, as the Tyrians were Syro-Phœnicians, from a Syriac root, meaning daring, "men of daring" [LUDOVICUS DE DIEU]. It is not likely the keeping of watch "in the towers" would have been entrusted to foreigners. Others take it from a Hebrew root, "a dagger," or short sword
(Jud 3:16),
"short-swordsmen."
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12. 他施——西班牙的他爾他蘇斯，一個以各種金屬聞名的國家，這些金屬出口到推羅。許多「錫」很可能是由腓尼基人從康沃爾運到他施的。
在你的市集上交易——「與你以物易物」〔FAIRBAIRN〕；從一個意為「留下」的字根而來，即以物易物時所留下的東西。
英文原文
12. Tarshish--Tartessus in Spain, a country famed for various metals, which were exported to Tyre. Much of the "tin" probably was conveyed by the Phœnicians from Cornwall to Tarshish.
traded in thy fairs--"did barter with thee" [FAIRBAIRN]; from a root, "to leave," something left in barter for something else.
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13. 雅完——即愛奧尼亞人或希臘人：因為小亞細亞的愛奧尼亞人是亞洲人最先接觸到的希臘人。
土巴……米設——即提巴列尼人和摩斯奇人，位於黑海和裏海之間的山區。
人口——即作奴隸。土耳其的後宮也是如此由來自高加索和喬治亞的女奴供應。
銅器——各種器具。高加索地區至今仍製造優良的武器。
英文原文
13. Javan--the Ionians or Greeks: for the Ionians of Asia Minor were the first Greeks with whom the Asiatics came in contact.
Tubal . . . Meshech--the Tibareni and Moschi, in the mountain region between the Black and Caspian Seas.
persons of men--that is, as slaves. So the Turkish harems are supplied with female slaves from Circassia and Georgia.
vessels--all kinds of articles. Superior weapons are still manufactured in the Caucasus region.
14
無標題
14. 陀迦瑪——亞美尼亞：歌篾的後裔
（創十3）。
他們在高加索以南的山區以馬匹聞名。
馬兵——更恰當地譯為「乘騎的馬」，有別於拉戰車的「馬」〔FAIRBAIRN〕。
英文原文
14. Togarmah--Armenia: descended from Gomer
(Ge 10:3).
Their mountainous region south of the Caucasus was celebrated for horses.
horsemen--rather, "riding-horses," as distinct from "horses" for chariots [FAIRBAIRN].
15
無標題
15. 底但——靠近波斯灣：因此是通往印度貿易的通道。不是阿拉伯的底但
（結二十七20），
如此處上下文中的名稱所證明的，而是出自古實的底但〔BOCHART〕，
（創十7）。
你手中的商品——即在貿易上依賴你〔FAIRBAIRN〕；來購買你手所出的〔GROTIUS〕。
禮物——字面意思是「回報」；為商品支付的價格。
象牙的角——象牙因與角相似而得名。希伯來文的「象牙」一詞意為「牙齒」；所以他們不可能誤以為象牙來自某些動物的角，而非來自大象的牙。
英文原文
15. Dedan--near the Persian Sea: thus an avenue to the commerce of India. Not the Dedan in Arabia
(Eze 27:20),
as the names in the context here prove, but the Dedan sprung from Cush [BOCHART],
(Ge 10:7).
merchandise of thine hand--that is, were dependent on thee for trade [FAIRBAIRN]; came to buy the produce of thy hands [GROTIUS].
a present--literally, "a reward in return"; a price paid for merchandise.
horns of ivory--Ivory is so termed from its resemblance to horns. The Hebrew word for "ivory" means "tooth"; so that they cannot have mistaken ivory as if coming from the horns of certain animals, instead of from the tusks of the elephant.
16
無標題
*16. 「亞蘭因你有很多的各樣財物，就作你的客商。」*關於「亞蘭」，七十士譯本作「以東」。但亞蘭人以商人聞名。
交易——古英語的「traded」；如
路十九13。
瑪瑙——另有人譯為「紅寶石」、「玉髓」或「珍珠」。
英文原文
16. "Syria was thy mart for the multitude," &c. For "Syria" the Septuagint reads "Edom." But the Syrians were famed as merchants.
occupied--old English for "traded"; so in
Lu 19:13.
agate--Others translate, "ruby," "chalcedony," or "pearls."
17
無標題
17. 米尼他……班納——以色列境內出產優質小麥而聞名之地名，推羅由此得供應
（王上 5:9, 11； 拉 3:7； 徒 12:20）；
米尼他原為亞捫人的一座城
（士 11:33）。
GROTIUS 認為「班納」（Pannag）即「腓尼基」（Phenice），即「迦南」的希臘名稱。「他們交易……小麥」，意即他們以小麥供應你的市場。
乳香——或作「香膏」。
英文原文
17. Minnith . . . Pannag--names of places in Israel famed for good wheat, wherewith Tyre was supplied
(1Ki 5:9, 11; Ezr 3:7; Ac 12:20);
Minnith was formerly an Ammonite city
(Jud 11:33).
"Pannag" is identified by GROTIUS with "Phenice," the Greek name for "Canaan." "They traded . . . wheat," that is, they supplied thy market with wheat.
balm--or, "balsam."
18
無標題
18. 黑本——或作加爾奔（Chalybon），在敘利亞，即今日的阿勒坡；以葡萄酒聞名；波斯列王只飲此地的酒。
英文原文
18. Helbon--or Chalybon, in Syria, now Aleppo; famed for its wines; the Persian monarchs would drink no other.
19
無標題
19. 但也——其他列舉的地方沒有一個以連接詞（「也」；希伯來文 ve）開始。再者，所列的產品「桂皮、菖蒲」更適合阿拉伯的地點。因此，FAIRBAIRN 譯為「威丹」（Vedan）；可能是現代的亞丁，位於曼德海峽附近。GROTIUS 則認為指 PTOLEMY 所提及的達納（Dana）。
雅完——不是歐洲或小亞細亞的希臘人，而是在阿拉伯的希臘殖民地。
往來——更確切地說，如希伯來文所容許的，「從烏薩」。這是加在「雅完」之後，以標明所指的是哪一個雅完
（創 10:27）。
這是阿拉伯菲利克斯或也門的都城；又稱薩那〔BOCHART〕。英文譯本的譯法也有好的意義，即：所有民族，無論近如以色列的「但」，或遠如希臘人或「雅完」，凡因貿易之愛而慣於「往來」的，都常到你的市集，帶來明亮的鐵等，這些產品未必被視為但或雅完的產物。
明亮的鐵——也門至今仍以劍刃聞名。
菖蒲——芳香的蘆葦。
英文原文
19. Dan also--None of the other places enumerated commence with the copula ("also"; Hebrew, ve). Moreover, the products specified, "cassia, calamus," apply rather to places in Arabia. Therefore, FAIRBAIRN translates, "Vedan"; perhaps the modern Aden, near the straits of Bab-el-man-deb. GROTIUS refers it to Dana, mentioned by PTOLEMY.
Javan--not the Greeks of Europe or Asia Minor, but of a Greek settlement in Arabia.
going to and fro--rather, as Hebrew admits, "from Uzal." This is added to "Javan," to mark which Javan is meant
(Ge 10:27).
The metropolis of Arabia Felix, or Yemen; called also Sanaa [BOCHART]. English Version gives a good sense, thus: All peoples, whether near as the Israelite "Dan," or far as the Greeks or "Javan," who were wont to "go to and fro" from their love of traffic, frequented thy marts, bringing bright iron, &c., these products not being necessarily represented as those of Dan or Javan.
bright iron--Yemen is still famed for its sword blades.
calamus--aromatic cane.
20
無標題
20. 底但——在阿拉伯；與
結 27:15
中的底但有別（見論
結 27:15）。
為亞伯拉罕與基土拉所生
（創 25:3）
〔BOCHART〕。
寶貴的衣服——華麗的罩毯。
英文原文
20. Dedan--in Arabia; distinct from the Dedan in
Eze 27:15
(see on
Eze 27:15).
Descended from Abraham and Keturah
(Ge 25:3)
[BOCHART].
precious clothes--splendid coverlets.
21
無標題
21. 亞拉伯——指亞拉伯的遊牧部落，其中基達最為卓越。
與你交易——直譯為「出於你手」，意即他們以貨物與你貿易，那些貨物是你手所出的產品（見論
結 27:15, 16）。
英文原文
21. Arabia--the nomadic tribes of Arabia, among which Kedar was pre-eminent.
occupied with thee--literally, "of thy hand," that is, they traded with thee for wares, the product of thy hand (see on
Eze 27:15, 16).
22
無標題
22. 示巴……拉瑪——在亞拉伯。
各樣……香料之首——意即最佳的香料
（申 33:15）。
從印度取得，由商隊運往推羅。
英文原文
22. Sheba . . . Raamah--in Arabia.
chief of . . . spices--that is, best spices
(De 33:15).
Obtained from India and conveyed in caravans to Tyre.
23
無標題
23. 哈蘭——亞伯拉罕從吾珥遷出後，在米所波大米的居住地
（創 11:31）。
迦尼——迦勒挪，底格里斯河畔的亞述城；即希臘人的忒西豐
（創 10:10）。
伊甸——可能是巴比倫的一個地區（見
創 2:8）。
基瑪——一個複合名稱；PTOLEMY 稱之為「米底亞的加拉亞」。迦勒底譯本將其解釋為米底亞。HENDERSON 認為是指迦爾曼達（Carmanda），XENOPHON 描述為伯拉大河外的一座大城。
英文原文
23. Haran--the dwelling-place of Abraham in Mesopotamia, after he moved from Ur
(Ge 11:31).
Canneh--Calneh, an Assyrian city on the Tigris; the Ctesiphon of the Greeks
(Ge 10:10).
Eden--probably a region in Babylonia (see
Ge 2:8).
Chilmad--a compound; the place designated by PTOLEMY "Gaala of Media." The Chaldee version interprets it of Media. HENDERSON refers it to Carmanda, which XENOPHON describes as a large city beyond the Euphrates.
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24. 各樣物件——希伯來文作「完美之物」；精巧的裝飾品〔GROTIUS〕。
衣服——更確切地說是「外袍」或「斗篷」；直譯為「包裹之物」。至於「藍色」，HENDERSON 譯為「紫色」。
用繩索綁著的華美衣服的箱子——花緞織物的儲藏庫或存放處，由各色線編織成花紋而成〔HENDERSON〕。
香柏木——「箱子」用香柏木製成，以便更為耐久；香柏木也能防腐，且有馨香之氣。
英文原文
24. all sorts of things--Hebrew, "perfections"; exquisite articles of finery [GROTIUS].
clothes--rather, "mantles" or "cloaks"; literally, "wrappings." For "blue," HENDERSON translates, "purple."
chests of rich apparel, bound with cords--treasures or repositories of damask stuffs, consisting of variegated threads woven together in figures [HENDERSON].
cedar--The "chests" were made of cedar, in order to last the longer; and it also keeps off decay and has a sweet odor.
25
無標題
25. 為你唱歌——擬人化；你那巨大的商船是你偉大的明證。另有人按不同的希伯來文字根譯為「是你的（貿易）旅客」。FAIRBAIRN 譯為「是你的牆」。但與「你極其榮耀」的平行關係支持英文譯本的「為你唱歌」。
英文原文
25. sing of thee--personification; thy great merchant ships were palpable proofs of thy greatness. Others translate from a different Hebrew root, "were thy (mercantile) travellers." FAIRBAIRN translates, "Were thy walls." But the parallelism to "thou wast glorious" favors English Version, "sing of thee."
26
無標題
26. 與她先前的偉大相對，她的傾覆在此突然轉換，以一艘在海中沉沒的船隻為意象來描繪。
東風——從利巴嫩吹來，是地中海最猛烈的風
（詩 48:7）。
被稱為利凡特風（Levanter）。所指的乃是尼布甲尼撒。「海」就是與他的戰爭，是那些「搖櫓的」，即國家這艘船的掌舵者，將船引入其中，以致滅亡。
英文原文
26. In contrast to her previous greatness, her downfall is here, by a sudden transition, depicted under the image of a vessel foundering at sea.
east wind--blowing from Lebanon, the most violent wind in the Mediterranean
(Ps 48:7).
A Levanter, as it is called. Nebuchadnezzar is meant. The "sea" is the war with him which the "rowers," or rulers of the state vessel, had "brought" it into, to its ruin.
27
無標題
27. 詳盡的列舉暗示了毀滅的徹底完全。
和你一切聚會的人——「以及你一切聚集的群眾」〔HENDERSON〕。
英文原文
27. The detailed enumeration implies the utter completeness of the ruin.
and in all thy company--"even with all thy collected multitude" [HENDERSON].
28
無標題
28. 郊野——推羅在相連大陸上的建築物。
英文原文
28. The suburbs--the buildings of Tyre on the adjoining continent.
29
無標題
29. 屬靈的巴比倫傾覆時也是如此
（啟 18:17，
等）。
要站在……旱地上——被拋離他們素來引以為傲的船隻。
英文原文
29. So on the downfall of spiritual Babylon
(Re 18:17,
&c.).
shall stand upon . . . land--being cast out of their ships in which heretofore they prided themselves.
30
無標題
30. 為你——更確切地說是「論到你」。
英文原文
30. against thee--rather, "concerning thee."
31
無標題
31. 完全禿頭——直譯為「禿了又禿」。腓尼基人哀悼的習俗；因其與異教迷信相連，所以被禁止在以色列中行
（申 14:1）。
32. 哀號——揚聲。
那被毀滅的——一個被毀滅者。直譯為（與先前商人和水手熙攘的景象相對，
結 27:27），
「一個被帶到死亡寂靜中者」。
在……海中——海島推羅。
英文原文
31. utterly bald--literally, "bald with baldness." The Phœnician custom in mourning; which, as being connected with heathenish superstitions, was forbidden to Israel
(De 14:1).
32. take up--lift up.
the destroyed--a destroyed one. Literally, (as opposed to its previous bustle of thronging merchants and mariners,
Eze 27:27),
"one brought to death's stillness."
in . . . midst of . . . sea--insular Tyre.
33
無標題
33. 從海上——從船上運上岸。
使……充足——以貨物豐盛地供應。
使……君王富足——藉著對貨物所徵收的關稅。
英文原文
33. out of the seas--brought on shore out of the ships.
filledst--didst supply plentifully with wares.
enrich . . . kings--with the custom dues levied on the wares.
34
無標題
34. 在……時候當……必——如今你已被打破（遇難）……你的商品……都墜落了〔MAURER〕。
英文原文
34. In the time when . . . shall . . . shall--Now that thou art broken (wrecked) . . . thy merchandise . . . are fallen [MAURER].
35
無標題
35. 眾海島——沿海之地。
英文原文
35. isles--seacoasts.
36
無標題
36. 嘶叫——驚訝地嘶叫；如
王上 9:8。
英文原文
36. hiss--with astonishment; as in
1Ki 9:8.
Eze 27:1-36.
推羅昔日的偉大，引發對其悲慘傾覆的哀歌。