1
La 3:1-66.
英文原文
La 3:1-66.
Jeremiah proposes his own experience under afflictions, as an example as to how the Jews should behave under theirs, so as to have hope of a restoration; hence the change from singular to plural
(La 3:22, 40-47).
The stanzas consist of three lines, each of which begins with the same Hebrew letter.
Aleph.
1-3. seen affliction--his own in the dungeon of Malchiah
(Jer 38:6);
that of his countrymen also in the siege. Both were types of that of Christ.
2
無標題
2. 黑暗——指災禍。
光明——指興旺。
英文原文
2. darkness--calamity.
light--prosperity.
3
無標題
3. 反覆……舉手——一次又一次地加添新的擊打。"他的手",就是從前用來保護我的那手。"反了……反"含反覆擊打之意。
英文原文
3. turneth . . . hand--to inflict again and again new strokes. "His hand," which once used to protect me. "Turned . . . turneth" implies repeated inflictions.
4
無標題
Beth(bet)。
4-6.
(伯 16:8)。
英文原文
Beth.
4-6.
(Job 16:8).
5
無標題
5. 築壘——如同圍城時堆築土壘,叫無人能逃脫(參
哀 3:7, 9)。
英文原文
5. builded--mounds, as against a besieged city, so as to allow none to escape (so
La 3:7, 9).
6
無標題
6. 使我——韓德遜(Henderson)將此歸於將死人安置成坐姿的習俗。
幽暗之處——指墳墓。如同"死已久的人"一樣;耶利米與他的百姓也被置於遺忘之中
(詩 88:5, 6;143:3; 結 37:13)。
英文原文
6. set me--HENDERSON refers this to the custom of placing the dead in a sitting posture.
dark places--sepulchers. As those "dead long since"; so Jeremiah and his people are consigned to oblivion
(Ps 88:5, 6; 143:3; Eze 37:13).
7
無標題
Gimel(gimel)。
7-9. 用籬笆圍住——
(伯 3:23; 何 2:6)。
銅鏈——直譯為"銅鏈"。
英文原文
Gimel.
7-9. hedged--
(Job 3:23; Ho 2:6).
chain--literally, "chain of brass."
8
無標題
8. 隔絕——取喻於一扇門隔絕一切進入之路
(伯 30:20)。
其反預表(antitype)基督亦然
(詩 22:2)。
英文原文
8. shutteth out--image from a door shutting out any entrance
(Job 30:20).
So the antitype. Christ
(Ps 22:2).
9
無標題
9. 鑿石——彼此緊密相結,無法破開。
路徑彎曲——我們的計劃與努力處處受阻,無一順遂。
英文原文
9. hewn stone--which coheres so closely as not to admit of being broken through.
paths crooked--thwarted our plans and efforts so that none went right.
10
無標題
Daleth(dalet)。
10-13.
(伯 10:16; 何 13:7, 8)。
英文原文
Daleth.
10-13.
(Job 10:16; Ho 13:7, 8).
11
無標題
11. 拖延——使我偏離正路,以致成為野獸的獵物。
撕裂——
(何 6:1),
如同"熊"或"獅"一般
(哀 3:10)。
英文原文
11. turned aside--made me wander out of the right way, so as to become a prey to wild beasts.
pulled in pieces--
(Ho 6:1),
as a "bear" or a "lion"
(La 3:10).
12
無標題
12.
(伯 7:20)。
英文原文
12.
(Job 7:20).
13
無標題
He(he)。
13-15. 箭——直譯為他箭袋的"眾子"(參
伯 6:4)。
英文原文
He.
13-15. arrows--literally, "sons" of His quiver (compare
Job 6:4).
14
無標題
14.
(耶 20:7)。
他們的歌——
(詩 69:12)。
耶利米在此為彌賽亞的預表。"我自己的百姓"
(約 1:11)。
英文原文
14.
(Jer 20:7).
their song--
(Ps 69:12).
Jeremiah herein was a type of Messiah. "All my people"
(Joh 1:11).
15
無標題
15. 苦楚——
(耶 9:15)。
那裡把它視為食物,即茵陳的葉子;此處則視為飲料,即茵陳的汁。
英文原文
15. wormwood--
(Jer 9:15).
There it is regarded as food, namely, the leaves: here as drink, namely, the juice.
16
無標題
Vau(waw)。
16-18. 沙石——指東方人常將麵包埋在灰中烤,其中往往摻有砂礫(參
箴 20:17)。
我們的境遇正如吃這種餅的人一般艱難。"用灰使我飽足"亦含相同的暗喻,即"把我當作餅一般"。
英文原文
Vau.
16-18. gravel--referring to the grit that often mixes with bread baked in ashes, as is the custom of baking in the East
(Pr 20:17).
We fare as hardly as those who eat such bread. The same allusion is in "Covered me with ashes," namely, as bread.
17
無標題
17. 不僅眼前的興旺被挪去,連將來興旺的指望也盡失;甚至到了一個地步,我如同從未興旺過的人一般("我忘記了興旺")。
英文原文
17. Not only present, but all hope of future prosperity is removed; so much so, that I am as one who never was prosperous ("I forgat prosperity").
18
無標題
18. 從主——即我從他所得的盼望
(詩 31:22)。
英文原文
18. from the Lord--that is, my hope derived from Him
(Ps 31:22).
19
無標題
Zain(zayin)。
19-21. 這裡說明他為何陷入絕望之試探的緣由。邊註作"追想",與上下文的意思不太貼切。
茵陳……苦膽——
(耶 9:15)。
英文原文
Zain.
19-21. This gives the reason why he gave way to the temptation to despair. The Margin, "Remember" does not suit the sense so well.
wormwood . . . gall--
(Jer 9:15).
20
無標題
20. 每逢我的心追想這些事,我的心就在我裡面自卑、消沉。
英文原文
20. As often as my soul calls them to remembrance, it is humbled or bowed down in me.
21
無標題
21. 這事——即以下所說的話:對神性情的認識
(哀 3:22, 23)。
加爾文(Calvin)則將"這事"解為耶利米的軟弱。正是他的軟弱
(哀 3:19, 20)
使他有指望神以大能為他介入(參
詩 25:11, 17;42:5, 8; 林後 12:9, 10)。
英文原文
21. This--namely, what follows; the view of the divine character
(La 3:22, 23).
CALVIN makes "this" refer to Jeremiah's infirmity. His very weakness
(La 3:19, 20)
gives him hope of God interposing His strength for him (compare
Ps 25:11, 17; 42:5, 8; 2Co 12:9, 10).
22
無標題
Cheth(het)。
22-24.
(瑪 3:6)。
英文原文
Cheth.
22-24.
(Mal 3:6).
23
無標題
23.
(賽 33:2)。
英文原文
23.
(Isa 33:2).
24
無標題
24.
(民 18:20; 詩 16:5;73:26;119:57; 耶 10:16)。
以神為我們的分,是盼望惟一的根基。
英文原文
24.
(Nu 18:20; Ps 16:5; 73:26; 119:57; Jer 10:16).
To have God for our portion is the one only foundation of hope.
25
無標題
Teth(tet)。
25-27. 三節經文的開頭都重複"美好"一詞,加強了語氣。
仰望——
(賽 30:18)。
英文原文
Teth.
25-27. The repetition of "good" at the beginning of each of the three verses heightens the effect.
wait--
(Isa 30:18).
26
無標題
26. 靜默等候——直譯為"靜默無聲"。參
哀 3:28
及 詩 39:2, 9,
即在受苦時忍耐靜默,安息於神的旨意
(詩 37:7)。
如亞倫
(利 10:2, 3);
又如約伯
(伯 40:4, 5)。
英文原文
26. quietly wait--literally, "be in silence." Compare
La 3:28 and Ps 39:2, 9,
that is, to be patiently quiet under afflictions,
resting in the will of God
(Ps 37:7).
So Aaron
(Le 10:2, 3);
and Job
(Job 40:4, 5).
27
無標題
27. 軛——指主管教性的教導之軛
(詩 90:12;119:71)。
加爾文(Calvin)解作主的教訓
(太 11:29, 30),
須以受教的心領受。越早越好;因老年人心中充滿成見
(箴 8:17; 傳 12:1)。
耶利米自己在年幼時就領受了教訓與管教之軛
(耶 1:6, 7)。
英文原文
27. yoke--of the Lord's disciplinary teaching
(Ps 90:12; 119:71).
CALVIN interprets it, The Lord's doctrine
(Mt 11:29, 30),
which is to be received in a docile spirit. The earlier the better; for the old are full of prejudices
(Pr 8:17; Ec 12:1).
Jeremiah himself received the yoke, both of doctrine and chastisement in his youth
(Jer 1:6, 7).
28
無標題
Jod(yod)。
28-30. 真正受教與忍耐的果子。他不與軛相抗
(耶 31:18; 徒 9:5),
而是順服適應。
獨坐——外邦人崇尚寬宏之心,但他們追求的是炫耀與人的稱讚。神的兒女在無人看見之時,"獨自"默默順服神的旨意。
因他施加在人身上——即因為他慣於背負它。更當譯作"因為他(主,
哀 3:26)
將它加在他身上"[瓦塔布林(Vatablus)]。
英文原文
Jod.
28-30. The fruit of true docility and patience. He does not fight against the yoke
(Jer 31:18; Ac 9:5),
but accommodates himself to it.
alone--The heathen applauded magnanimity, but they looked to display and the praise of men. The child of God, in the absence of any witness, "alone," silently submits to the will of God.
borne it upon him--that is, because he is used to bearing it on him. Rather, "because He (the Lord,
La 3:26)
hath laid it on him" [VATABLUS].
29
無標題
29.
(伯 42:6)。
口貼塵土,是懇求者謙卑順服神作為(其設計既公義又慈愛)的姿態(參
拉 9:6; 林前 14:25)。
或者還有指望——這並非表示懷疑神是否願意收納悔改的人,而是悔改者對自己存疑;他暗暗地以此自慰:"或許我還有指望。"
英文原文
29.
(Job 42:6).
The mouth in the dust is the attitude of suppliant and humble submission to God's dealings as righteous and loving in design (compare
Ezr 9:6; 1Co 14:25).
if so be there may be hope--This does not express doubt as to whether GOD be willing to receive the penitent, but the penitent's doubt as to himself; he whispers to himself this consolation, "Perhaps there may be hope for me."
30
無標題
30. 彌賽亞是那反預表(Antitype),他成就了這話;他的實行與他的教訓相符
(賽 50:6; 太 5:39)。
許多人能忍耐從神而來的苦難,但人苦待他們時,卻忍耐不住。敬虔的人卻以同樣順服的心忍受後者,視之為神所許可的,正如忍受前者一樣
(詩 17:13)。
英文原文
30. Messiah, the Antitype, fulfilled this; His practice agreeing with His precept
(Isa 50:6; Mt 5:39).
Many take patiently afflictions from God, but when man wrongs them, they take it impatiently. The godly bear resignedly the latter, like the former, as sent by God
(Ps 17:13).
31
無標題
Caph(kaf)。
31-33. 真正的悔改必不缺乏盼望
(詩 94:14)。
英文原文
Caph.
31-33. True repentance is never without hope
(Ps 94:14).
32
無標題
32. 敬虔之人所受的刑罰不過是暫時的。
英文原文
32. The punishments of the godly are but for a time.
33
無標題
33. 他並不甘心使人受苦(直譯為"發自他的心",即彷彿他以此為樂,
結 33:11),
更何況是敬虔的人
(來 12:10)。
英文原文
33. He does not afflict any willingly (literally, "from His heart," that is, as if He had any pleasure in it,
Eze 33:11),
much less the godly
(Heb 12:10).
34
無標題
Lamed(lamed)。
34-36. 這三節的開頭各有一個不定式,主要定式動詞在
哀 3:36
的末尾:"主不看顧",須在每節中重複。耶利米在此預先回答猶太人可能提出的反對:他們以為神是因疏忽縱容,他們才被"踏在腳下",被那些"顛倒人之權利"的人所欺壓。神並不看顧(即"看見",
哈 1:13;
故此"看哪"、"看著",即帶著贊許地看著)這樣不義的行為;故此猶太人可以仰望拯救與仇敵受報。
英文原文
Lamed.
34-36. This triplet has an infinitive in the beginning of each verse, the governing finite verb being in the end of
La 3:36,
"the Lord approveth not," which is to be repeated in each verse. Jeremiah here anticipates and answers the objections which the Jews might start, that it was by His connivance they were "crushed under the feet" of those who "turned aside the right of a man." God approves (literally, "seeth,"
Hab 1:13;
so "behold," "look on," that is, look on with approval) not of such unrighteous acts; and so the Jews may look for deliverance and the punishment of their foes.
35
無標題
35. 在……至高者面前——法庭中任何"顛倒"公正的事,都是在神的面前作的,他雖眼不能見,卻實在臨在並"鑒察"
(傳 5:8)。
英文原文
35. before . . . face of . . . most High--Any "turning aside" of justice in court is done before the face of God, who is present, and "regardeth," though unseen
(Ec 5:8).
36
無標題
36. 顛覆——指行不義。
英文原文
36. subvert--to wrong.
37
無標題
Mem(mem)。
37-39. 誰能像神
(詩 33:9)
那樣憑一句話成就任何事——若沒有神的旨意?
英文原文
Mem.
37-39. Who is it that can (as God,
Ps 33:9)
effect by a word anything, without the will of God?
38
無標題
38. 禍福——災禍與興旺同樣都出於神
(伯 2:10; 賽 45:7; 摩 3:6)。
英文原文
38. evil . . . good--Calamity and prosperity alike proceed from God
(Job 2:10; Isa 45:7; Am 3:6).
39
無標題
39. 活著——即仍有神所賜悔改的時日。若罪按其所當受的受罰,罪人連性命也必被奪去。"發怨言"(埋怨)對一個享受生命這等恩惠的人是不相宜的
(箴 19:3)。
因他受罪的刑罰——他不該因自己的受苦而歸咎於神,反當在其中認出神的公義與自己罪所當得的報應。
英文原文
39. living--and so having a time yet given him by God for repentance. If sin were punished as it deserves, life itself would be forfeited by the sinner. "Complaining" (murmuring) ill becomes him who enjoys such a favor as life
(Pr 19:3).
for the punishment of his sins--Instead of blaming God for his sufferings, he ought to recognize in them God's righteousness and the just rewards of his own sin.
40
無標題
Nun(nun)。
40-42. 我們——指耶利米與在苦難中的同胞。
考察——與那麻木的狀態相對,人只知忍受外在的苦楚,卻不留意苦楚的因由
(詩 139:23, 24)。
英文原文
Nun.
40-42. us--Jeremiah and his fellow countrymen in their calamity.
search--as opposed to the torpor wherewith men rest only on their outward sufferings, without attending to the cause of them
(Ps 139:23, 24).
41
無標題
41. 心……手——這是假冒為善的解藥
(詩 86:4; 提前 2:8)。
英文原文
41. heart with . . . hands--the antidote to hypocrisy
(Ps 86:4; 1Ti 2:8).
42
無標題
42. 未蒙赦免——巴比倫的被擄期尚未完結。
英文原文
42. not pardoned--The Babylonian captivity had not yet ended.
43
無標題
Samech(samek)。
43-45. 遮蔽——即遮蔽你自己(如
哀 3:44),
以致不看不顧我們的苦情;因即使最殘忍的人,看見悲慘的景象也會動心憐憫。比較論神"掩面不顧",
詩 10:11;22:25。
英文原文
Samech.
43-45. covered--namely, thyself (so
La 3:44),
so as not to see and pity our calamities, for even the most cruel in seeing a sad spectacle are moved to pity. Compare as to God "hiding His face,"
Ps 10:11; 22:25.
44
無標題
44.
(哀 3:8)。
"雲"指我們的罪,以及因罪而惹動的神怒
(賽 44:22;59:2)。
英文原文
44.
(La 3:8).
The "cloud" is our sins, and God's wrath because of them
(Isa 44:22; 59:2).
45
無標題
45. 使徒們也曾受這樣的對待;但他們並不發怨言,反以此為樂
(林前 4:13)。
英文原文
45. So the apostles were treated; but, instead of murmuring, they rejoiced at it
(1Co 4:13).
46
無標題
Pe(pe)。
46-48. Pe 置於 Ain 之前
(哀 3:43, 46),
正如
哀 2:16, 17;4:16, 17。
(哀 2:16。)
英文原文
Pe.
46-48. Pe is put before Ain
(La 3:43, 46),
as in
La 2:16, 17; 4:16, 17.
(La 2:16.)
47
無標題
47. 我們如受驚逃竄的動物,落入為我們設下的網羅。
英文原文
47. Like animals fleeing in fear, we fall into the snare laid for us.
48
無標題
48.
(耶 4:19)。
英文原文
48.
(Jer 4:19).
49
無標題
Ain(ayin)。
49-51. 不……止息——或作"因為沒有止息"[皮斯卡托(Piscator)],即指我的苦難沒有止息。
英文原文
Ain.
49-51. without . . . intermission--or else, "because there is no intermission" [PISCATOR], namely, of my miseries.
50
無標題
50. 直到——他的禱告並非沒有盼望,正是在此與不信者的盲目憂傷有別。
垂顧等——
(賽 63:15)。
英文原文
50. Till--His prayer is not without hope, wherein it differs from the blind grief of unbelievers.
look down, &c.--
(Isa 63:15).
51
無標題
51. 眼使我的心傷心——即因不斷流淚使我憂愁;或作"使我的性命受傷"(直譯為"靈魂",邊註),即損害我的健康[格羅提烏(Grotius)]。
城的眾女子——指耶路撒冷周圍、附屬耶路撒冷的城鎮,已被仇敵攻取。
英文原文
51. eye affecteth mine heart--that is, causeth me grief with continual tears; or, "affecteth my life" (literally, "soul," Margin), that is, my health [GROTIUS].
daughters of . . . city--the towns around, dependencies of Jerusalem, taken by the foe.
52
無標題
Tzaddi(tsade)。
52-54. 飛鳥——指既無謀略又無力的鳥。此處暗引的似乎是
箴 1:17
[加爾文(Calvin)]。
無故——
(詩 69:4;109:3, 4)。
為彌賽亞的預表
(約 15:25)。
英文原文
Tzaddi.
52-54. a bird--which is destitute of counsel and strength. The allusion seems to be to
Pr 1:17
[CALVIN].
without cause--
(Ps 69:4; 109:3, 4).
Type of Messiah
(Joh 15:25).
53
無標題
53. 牢坑——
(耶 37:16)。
石頭——通常置於牢坑口以防囚犯逃脫
(書 10:18; 但 6:17; 太 27:60)。
英文原文
53. in . . . dungeon--
(Jer 37:16).
stone--usually put at the mouth of a dungeon to secure the prisoners
(Jos 10:18; Da 6:17; Mt 27:60).
54
無標題
54. 眾水——非字面之意,因耶利米被囚之處"沒有水"
(耶 38:6),
而是漫過頭頂之災禍的象徵
(詩 69:2;124:4, 5)。
斷絕——
(賽 38:10, 11)。
我被神離棄了。他這是按肉體的感覺而言。
英文原文
54. Waters--not literally, for there was "no water"
(Jer 38:6)
in the place of Jeremiah's confinement, but emblematical of overwhelming calamities
(Ps 69:2; 124:4, 5).
cut off--
(Isa 38:10, 11).
I am abandoned by God. He speaks according to carnal sense.
55
無標題
Koph(qoph)。
55-57. 我從牢坑中呼求——這樣,靈與肉相抗,信心摒棄試探[加爾文(Calvin)]
(詩 130:1; 拿 2:2)。
英文原文
Koph.
55-57. I called out of dungeon--Thus the spirit resists the flesh, and faith spurns the temptation [CALVIN],
(Ps 130:1; Jon 2:2).
56
無標題
56. 你曾聽見——即從前聽見(如
哀 3:57, 58
一樣)。
喘息……呼求——兩種禱告:默然呼出的歎息式禱告,與大聲懇切的呼求(比較"禱告"、"隱密言語",
賽 26:16, 邊註; 與"大聲呼求",
詩 55:17)。
英文原文
56. Thou hast heard--namely formerly (so in
La 3:57, 58).
breathing . . . cry--two kinds of prayer; the sigh of a prayer silently breathed forth, and the loud, earnest cry (compare "prayer," "secret speech,"
Isa 26:16,
Margin; with "cry aloud,"
Ps 55:17).
57
無標題
57. 你曾臨近——帶著你的幫助而臨近
(雅 4:8)。
英文原文
57. Thou drewest near--with Thy help
(Jas 4:8).
58
無標題
Resh(resh)。
58-60. 耶利米引用神對他禱告的恩慈應允,作為鼓勵同胞信靠神的依據。
申明——
(詩 35:1; 彌 7:9)。
英文原文
Resh.
58-60. Jeremiah cites God's gracious answers to his prayers as an encouragement to his fellow countrymen, to trust in Him.
pleaded--
(Ps 35:1; Mic 7:9).
59
無標題
59. 神過去的拯救與他知道猶大所受的冤屈,成為祈求拯救的根據。
英文原文
59. God's past deliverances and His knowledge of Judah's wrongs are made the grounds of prayer for relief.
60
無標題
60. 計謀——計策
(耶 11:19)。
他們的報復——意指他們的惡意。耶利米以自己被仇敵謀害時的態度為榜樣,教導猶太人當如何將自己在迦勒底人手下所受的冤屈帶到神面前。
英文原文
60. imaginations--devices
(Jer 11:19).
Their vengeance--means their malice. Jeremiah gives his conduct, when plotted against by his foes, as an example how the Jews should bring their wrongs at the hands of the Chaldeans before God.
61
無標題
Schin(sin)。
61-63. 他們的羞辱——指他們辱罵我的話。
英文原文
Schin.
61-63. their reproach--their reproachful language against me.
62
無標題
62. 嘴唇——指言語。
英文原文
62. lips--speeches.
63
無標題
63. 坐下……起來——無論他們坐下或起來,即無論他們忙碌活動或安靜安坐,"終日"(
哀 3:62)
我都是他們戲謔歌謠的對象
(哀 3:14)。
英文原文
63. sitting down . . . rising up--whether they sit or rise, that is, whether they be actively engaged or sedentary, and at rest "all the day"
(La 3:62),
I am the subject of their derisive songs
(La 3:14).
64
無標題
Tau(taw)。
64-66.
(耶 11:20; 提後 4:14)。
英文原文
Tau.
64-66.
(Jer 11:20; 2Ti 4:14).
65
無標題
65. 愁苦——更當譯作眼瞎或心硬;直譯為蒙在心上的"帕子",叫他們不顧一切衝向自己的毀滅
(賽 6:10; 林後 3:14, 15)。
英文原文
65. sorrow--rather, blindness or hardness; literally, "a veil" covering their heart, so that they may rush on to their own ruin
(Isa 6:10; 2Co 3:14, 15).
66
無標題
66. 從……主諸天之下——毀滅他們,使人在天之下各處都看見你坐在上面為全地的審判者。
英文原文
66. from under . . . heavens of . . . Lord--destroy them so that it may be seen everywhere under heaven that thou sittest above as Judge of the world.
哀 3:1-66。
耶利米以自己在苦難中的經歷為榜樣,教導猶太人在受苦時當如何行,方有復興的盼望;故此有從單數到複數的轉換
(哀 3:22, 40-47)。
每節由三行組成,每行皆以同一希伯來文字母起首。
Aleph(alef)。
1-3. 我是……那受苦的人——指他自己在瑪基雅牢坑中
(耶 38:6)
所受的苦,也指同胞在圍城中所受的苦。兩者都是基督之苦的預表。