1
Nu 12:1-9.
英文原文
Nu 12:1-9.
MIRIAM'S AND AARON'S SEDITION.
1. an Ethiopian woman--Hebrew, "a Cushite woman"--Arabia was usually called in Scripture the land of Cush, its inhabitants being descendants of that son of Ham (see on
Ex 2:15)
and being accounted generally a vile and contemptible race (see on
Am 9:7).
The occasion of this seditious outbreak on the part of Miriam and Aaron against Moses was the great change made in the government by the adoption of the seventy rulers
[Nu 11:16].
Their irritating disparagement of his wife (who, in all probability, was Zipporah
[Ex 2:21],
and not a second wife he had recently married) arose from jealousy of the relatives, through whose influence the innovation had been first made
(Ex 18:13-26),
while they were overlooked or neglected. Miriam is mentioned before Aaron as being the chief instigator and leader of the sedition.
2
無標題
2. 難道耶和華單與摩西說話，不也與我們說話嗎？——先知之名與職分曾賜給亞倫
(Ex 4:15, 16)
和米利暗
(Ex 15:20)； 因此他們認為摩西在此事上獨攬大權，是對他們權利的僭越
(Mic 6:4)。
英文原文
2. Hath the Lord indeed spoken only by Moses? hath he not also spoken by us?--The prophetical name and character was bestowed upon Aaron
(Ex 4:15, 16)
and Miriam
(Ex 15:20);
and, therefore, they considered the conduct of Moses, in exercising an exclusive authority in this matter, as an encroachment on their rights
(Mic 6:4).
3
無標題
3. 摩西為人極其謙和——
(Ex 14:13; 32:12, 13; Nu 14:13; 21:7; De 9:18)。
這話也許是為了解釋：為何摩西對他們怒氣沖沖的辱罵毫不理會，又為何神如此迅速地介入、為祂僕人的緣故辯護。摩西記下對自己品格一項卓越長處的稱許，這情形在聖經作者中並非沒有先例——當他們因對手的無禮與輕蔑而不得不如此時，便會這樣做
(2Co 11:5; 12:11, 12)。 但本節既是括號式的插語，也可能是後來以斯拉或某位先知所加的註解，這並非不可能。也有人主張把「極其謙和」改譯為「極其受苦」更為貼切。
英文原文
3. the man Moses was very meek--
(Ex 14:13; 32:12, 13; Nu 14:13; 21:7; De 9:18).
This observation might have been made to account for Moses taking no notice of their angry reproaches and for God's interposing so speedily for the vindication of His servant's cause. The circumstance of Moses recording an eulogium on a distinguishing excellence of his own character is not without a parallel among the sacred writers, when forced to it by the insolence and contempt of opponents
(2Co 11:5; 12:11, 12).
But it is not improbable that, as this verse appears to be a parenthesis, it may have been inserted as a gloss by Ezra or some later prophet. Others, instead of "very meek," suggest "very afflicted," as the proper rendering.
4
無標題
4. 耶和華忽然對摩西、亞倫、米利暗說——神這樣公開而即時地介入，是為要壓制叛亂，防其蔓延到百姓中間。
英文原文
4. the Lord spake suddenly unto Moses, and unto Aaron, and unto Miriam--The divine interposition was made thus openly and immediately, in order to suppress the sedition and prevent its spreading among the people.
5
無標題
5. 耶和華在雲柱中降臨，站在帳幕的門口——卻未如亞倫素常所享的特權那樣得以進內，雖然這特權對其他一切男女都是被拒的。這公開的摒棄，正是神不悅的記號。
英文原文
5. the Lord came down in the pillar of the cloud, and stood the door of the tabernacle--without gaining admission, as was the usual privilege of Aaron, though it was denied to all other men and women. This public exclusion was designed to be a token of the divine displeasure.
6
無標題
6, 7. 你們且聽我的話——此處明明指出，連神所差遣的先知，在恩賜與權柄上也有等次之分。摩西既被設立治理神的全家（即祂的教會與百姓），便因此在米利暗和亞倫之上擁有至上之權，並藉着神同在與旨意直接而清晰的啟示，享有超乎眾人的特權。
英文原文
6, 7. Hear now my words--A difference of degree is here distinctly expressed in the gifts and authority even of divinely commissioned prophets. Moses, having been set over all God's house, (that is, His church and people), was consequently invested with supremacy over Miriam and Aaron also and privileged beyond all others by direct and clear manifestations of the presence and will of God.
8
無標題
8. 我要與他口對口說話——即直接地，不經翻譯，也不藉向他想像呈現的異象記號。
明說——清楚而確實地。
不用謎語——即不用比喻或寓意。
他要看見耶和華的形像——並非神那不能看見之面的本體或本質
(Ex 33:20; Col 1:15; Joh 1:18)，
而是祂榮耀同在的某種明確記號
(Ex 33:2; 34:5)。 後一句本應與前一句相連，作：「不用謎語，他要看見耶和華的形像（in a figure）。」只要標點略作改動，便消除了與
De 4:15
之間一切看似矛盾的痕跡。
英文原文
8. with him will I speak mouth to mouth--immediately, not by an interpreter, nor by visionary symbols presented to his fancy.
apparently--plainly and surely.
not in dark speeches--parables or similitudes.
the similitude of the Lord shall he behold--not the face or essence of God, who is invisible
(Ex 33:20; Col 1:15; Joh 1:18);
but some unmistakable evidence of His glorious presence
(Ex 33:2; 34:5).
The latter clause should have been conjoined with the preceding one, thus: "not in dark speeches, and in a figure shall he behold the Lord." The slight change in the punctuation removes all appearance of contradiction to
De 4:15.
10
Nu 12:10-16.
Nu 12:10-16.
米利暗長大痲瘋。
10. 雲彩從帳幕上挪開——即從門口挪開，回到施恩座上方長駐的位置。
米利暗長了大痲瘋——從其顏色加上其突然發作來看，這是最惡性的痲瘋
(Ex 4:6; 2Ki 5:27)， 是作為神的刑罰降下的；她成為受害者，或因她行事最為暴烈，或因痲瘋若長在亞倫身上，便會妨礙或玷污聖事。
英文原文
Nu 12:10-16.
MIRIAM'S LEPROSY.
10. the cloud departed from the tabernacle--that is, from the door to resume its permanent position over the mercy seat.
Miriam became leprous--This malady in its most malignant form
(Ex 4:6; 2Ki 5:27)
as its color, combined with its sudden appearance, proved, was inflicted as a divine judgment; and she was made the victim, either because of her extreme violence or because the leprosy on Aaron would have interrupted or dishonored the holy service.
11
無標題
11-13. 亞倫謙卑悔罪地順服之後，摩西便為兩個犯罪者代求，特別為米利暗代求；她得了痊愈——但不是立刻，乃是在被隔離、作了公開的鑑戒之後〔Nu 12:14, 15〕。
英文原文
11-13. On the humble and penitential submission of Aaron, Moses interceded for both the offenders, especially for Miriam, who was restored; not, however, till she had been made, by her exclusion, a public example
[Nu 12:14, 15].
14
無標題
14. 她父親若吐唾沫在她臉上，她豈不蒙羞七天嗎？——猶太人與東方一切民族一樣，似乎對吐唾沫極其厭惡；父親若以此表示對兒女的不悅——或吐在兒女臉上，甚至在他面前吐在地上——便使那兒女成為不潔，與社會隔離七日。
英文原文
14. her father had but spit in her face, should she not be ashamed seven days?--The Jews, in common with all people in the East, seem to have had an intense abhorrence of spitting, and for a parent to express his displeasure by doing so on the person of one of his children, or even on the ground in his presence, separated that child as unclean from society for seven days.
15
無標題
15. 百姓沒有行路，直等到米利暗重新進來——或是不願以過重的判決壓垮她，或是不願使身為女先知的她暴露在百姓的輕蔑之下。
英文原文
15. the people journeyed not till Miriam was brought in again--Either not to crush her by a sentence of overwhelming severity or not to expose her, being a prophetess, to popular contempt.
16
無標題
16. 在巴蘭的曠野安營——紮營的那一站似乎就是利提瑪
(Nu 33:19)。
英文原文
16. pitched in the wilderness of Paran--The station of encampments seems to have been Rithma
(Nu 33:19).
Nu 12:1-9.
米利暗與亞倫的叛變
1. 一個古實女子——希伯來文作「一個古實女子」。聖經通常稱阿拉伯為古實地，其居民是含的那個兒子的後裔（參
Ex 2:15），
且普遍被視為卑賤可鄙的族類（參
Am 9:7）。
米利暗與亞倫這次對摩西的叛變之所以爆發，其遠因是因設立七十位長老而對政制作出的重大變革〔Nu 11:16〕。他們對摩西妻子的尖刻貶抑（這妻子很可能就是西坡拉〔Ex 2:21〕，而非他新近另娶的妻子），乃出自親屬間的妒忌——正是藉着他們的影響力，這項創舉才得以首度施行
(Ex 18:13-26)， 而他們自己卻被忽略或冷落。米利暗排在亞倫之前，因她是這場叛變的首要煽動者和領頭人。