1
Nu 36:1-13.
英文原文
Nu 36:1-13.
THE INCONVENIENCE OF THE INHERITANCE.
1. the chief fathers of the families of the children of Gilead--Being the tribal governors in Manasseh, they consulted Moses on a case that affected the public honor and interests of their tribe. It related once more to the daughters of Zelophehad. Formerly they had applied, at their own instance, to be recognized, for want of male heirs in their family, as entitled to inherit their father's property
[Nu 27:1-11];
now the application was made on behalf of the tribe to which they belonged--that steps might be taken to prevent the alienation of their patrimony by their alliance with husbands of another tribe. The unrestricted marriages of daughters in such circumstances threatened seriously to affect the tenure of land in Israel, as their inheritance would go to their children, who, by the father's side, would belong to another tribe, and thus lead, through a complication of interests and the confusion of families, to an evil for which even the Jubilee could not afford a remedy. [See on
Le 25:13].
5
無標題
5-12. 摩西照耶和華的話，吩咐以色列人——這請求看來公正合理；於是立了一條例：西羅非哈的女兒在丈夫的選擇上雖得自由，卻被限制不僅要嫁在本支派以內，更要嫁在父家本支派的家族之內——即其堂兄弟之一。然而這限制只加於有產業承繼權的女兒身上。此律法不適用於處境不同的女兒
(1Ch 23:22)
——她們可以嫁到別支派；但若如此行，便可能喪失祖傳產業，這產業在父親或兄弟死後，歸與家族中最親的親屬。這是以色列中漸進立法的一例（亦見
Ex 18:27）， 所立的條例都是因時因事而發。但尤當留意的是：這些對律法的增補或修訂，只限於民事；至於敬拜或維繫信仰的律法，則絲毫的更改都不容許。
英文原文
5-12. Moses commanded the children of Israel according to the word of the Lord--The plea appeared just and reasonable; and, accordingly an enactment was made by which the daughters of Zelophehad, while left to the free choice of their husbands, were restricted to marry not only within their own tribe, but within the family of their father's tribe--that is, one of their cousins. This restriction, however, was imposed only on those who were heiresses. The law was not applicable to daughters in different circumstances
(1Ch 23:22)
--for they might marry into another tribe; but if they did so, they were liable to forfeit their patrimonial inheritance, which, on the death of their father or brothers, went to the nearest of the family kinsmen. Here was an instance of progressive legislation (see also
Ex 18:27)
in Israel, the enactments made being suggested by circumstances. But it is deserving of special notice that those additions to, or modifications of, the law were confined to civil affairs; while the slightest change was inadmissible in the laws relating to worship or the maintenance of religion.
13
無標題
13. 這是耶和華藉摩西在摩押平原，吩咐以色列人的命令、典章——以色列人的營地設在亞嫩河以北的一片遼闊高原上，那地雖被西宏和噩從摩押人手中奪來，卻仍沿用原主之名。「靠近耶利哥的約但河」一語所指的具體地點，如今稱為庫拉——一片大平原，離尼波山不遠，位於亞嫩河與一條小支流瓦埃勒之間〔BURCKHARDT〕。 這是約但河東岸的一片荒漠平原，唯有野生的多刺皂莢樹林標示其所在。
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Robert Jamieson、A. R. Fausset、David Brown
《聖經全書批判與解釋註釋》（1871）
勘誤、補遺與心得請寄編者。
英文原文
13. These are the commandments and the judgments, which the Lord commanded by the hand of Moses unto the children of Israel in the plains of Moab--The Israelitish encampment was on an extensive plateau north of the Arnon, which, though wrested from the Moabites by Sihon and Og, still retained the name of its original possessors. The particular site, as indicated by the words "Jordan near Jericho," is now called El-Koura--a large plain lying not far from Nebo, between the Arnon and a small tributary stream, the Wael [BURCKHARDT]. It was a desert plain on the eastern bank, and marked only by groves of the wild, thorny acacia tree.
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Send Addenda, Corrigenda, and Sententiae to the editor
Nu 36:1-13.
產業的隱患
1. 基列的諸族長——他們既是瑪拿西支派的族長，便就一樁關乎本支派公眾尊嚴與利益的事向摩西請示。這事再次涉及西羅非哈的女兒們。先前是女兒們自行申請，因家中沒有男嗣，要求被認定有權承受父親的產業〔Nu 27:1-11〕；如今卻是其所屬支派代為請願——盼能設法防止她們因與外支派男子聯姻而導致祖業外流。女兒在這種情形下若不加限制地通婚，將嚴重影響以色列地的業權歸屬，因為她們的產業會歸到兒女名下，而兒女按父系卻屬於別支派；這樣一來，利益糾纏、家族混淆，將釀成一種連禧年也無法補救的弊端。〔參
Le 25:13〕。