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Westminster Larger Catechism

웨스트민스터 대교리문답

Catechisms Westminster Assembly 1648 reformed

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EN 196/196 source · KO 196/196 translated · 0 reviewed

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196 entries

Korean-English parallel view
Q. 1

KO

사람의 제일 되고 가장 높은 목적은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the chief and highest end of man?

Man's chief and highest end is to glorify God, and fully to enjoy him forever.
Q. 2

KO

하나님이 계시다는 것이 어떻게 드러나는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does it appear that there is a God?

The very light of nature in man, and the works of God, declare plainly that there is a God; but his Word and Spirit only do sufficiently and effectually reveal him unto men for their salvation.
Q. 3

KO

하나님의 말씀은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the Word of God?

The holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are the Word of God, the only rule of faith and obedience.
Q. 4

KO

성경이 하나님의 말씀이라는 것이 어떻게 드러나는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does it appear that the Scriptures are the Word of God?

The Scriptures manifest themselves to be the Word of God, by their majesty and purity; by the consent of all the parts, and the scope of the whole, which is to give all glory to God; by their light and power to convince and convert sinners, to comfort and build up believers unto salvation: but the Spirit of God bearing witness by and with the Scriptures in the heart of man, is alone able fully to persuade it that they are the very Word of God.
Q. 5

KO

성경은 주로 무엇을 가르치는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What do the Scriptures principally teach?

The Scriptures principally teach,: What man is to believe concerning God, and: What duty God requires of man.
Q. 6

KO

성경은 하나님에 관하여 무엇을 알려 주는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What do the Scriptures make known of God?

The Scriptures make known: What God is, the persons in the Godhead, his decrees, and the execution of his decrees.
Q. 7

KO

하나님은 어떤 분이신가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is God?

God is a Spirit, in and of himself infinite in being, glory, blessedness, and perfection; all-sufficient, eternal, unchangeable, incomprehensible, everywhere present, almighty, knowing all things, most wise, most holy, most just, most merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth.
Q. 8

KO

하나님이 한 분보다 더 많이 계신가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Are there more Gods than one?

There is but one only, the living and true God.
Q. 9

KO

신격 안에는 몇 위격이 계신가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How many persons are there in the Godhead?

There be three persons in the Godhead, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three are one true, eternal God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory; although distinguished by their personal properties.
Q. 10

KO

신격 안에 계신 세 위격의 인격적 고유성은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are the personal properties of the three persons in the Godhead?

It is proper to the Father to beget the Son, and to the Son to be begotten of the Father, and to the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Father and the Son from all eternity.
Q. 11

KO

성자와 성령이 성부와 동등하신 하나님이라는 것이 어떻게 드러나는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does it appear that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father?

The Scriptures manifest that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father, ascribing unto them such names, attributes, works, and worship, as are proper to God only.
Q. 12

KO

하나님의 작정은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are the decrees of God?

God's decrees are the wise, free, and holy acts of the counsel of his will, whereby, from all eternity, he has, for his own glory, unchangeably foreordained: Whatsoever comes to pass in time, especially concerning angels and men.
Q. 13

KO

하나님은 천사들과 사람들에 관하여 특별히 무엇을 작정하셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What has God especially decreed concerning angels and men?

God, by an eternal and immutable decree, out of his mere love, for the praise of his glorious grace, to be manifested in due time, has elected some angels to glory; and in Christ has chosen some men to eternal life, and the means thereof: and also, according to his sovereign power, and the unsearchable counsel of his own will (whereby he extends or withholds favor as he pleases), has passed by and foreordained the rest to dishonor and wrath, to be for their sin inflicted, to the praise of the glory of his justice.
Q. 14

KO

하나님은 자신의 작정을 어떻게 시행하시는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does God execute his decrees?

God executes his decrees in the works of creation and providence, according to his infallible foreknowledge, and the free and immutable counsel of his own will.
Q. 15

KO

창조의 일은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the work of creation?

The work of creation is that wherein God did in the beginning, by the word of his power, make of nothing the world, and all things therein, for himself, within the space of six days, and all very good.
Q. 16

KO

하나님은 천사들을 어떻게 창조하셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How did God create angels?

God created all the angels spirits, immortal, holy, excelling in knowledge, mighty in power, to execute his commandments, and to praise his name, yet subject to change.
Q. 17

KO

하나님은 사람을 어떻게 창조하셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How did God create man?

After God had made all other creatures, he created man male and female; formed the body of the man of the dust of the ground, and the woman of the rib of the man, endued them with living, reasonable, and immortal souls; made them after his own image, in knowledge, righteousness,and holiness; having the law of God written in their hearts, and power to fulfil it, and dominion over the creatures; yet subject to fall.
Q. 18

KO

하나님의 섭리의 일들은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are God's works of providence?

God's works of providence are his most holy, wise, and powerful preserving and governing all his creatures; ordering them, and all their actions, to his own glory.
Q. 19

KO

천사들을 향한 하나님의 섭리는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is God's providence towards the angels?

God by his providence permitted some of the angels, wilfully and irrecoverably, to fall into sin and damnation, limiting and ordering that, and all their sins, to his own glory; and established the rest in holiness and happiness; employing them all, at his pleasure, in the administrations of his power, mercy, and justice.
Q. 20

KO

사람이 창조된 상태에서 사람을 향한 하나님의 섭리는 무엇이었는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What was the providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created?

The providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created, was the placing him in paradise, appointing him to dress it, giving him liberty to eat of the fruit of the earth; putting the creatures under his dominion, and ordaining marriage for his help; affording him communion with himself; instituting the sabbath; entering into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of personal, perfect, and perpetual obedience, of which the tree of life was a pledge; and forbidding to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.
Q. 21

KO

사람은 하나님께서 처음에 그를 창조하신 그 상태에 머물러 있었는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him?

Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, through the temptation of Satan, transgressed the commandment of God in eating the forbidden fruit; and thereby fell from the estate of innocency wherein they were created.
Q. 22

KO

온 인류가 그 첫 범죄로 타락하였는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?

The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.
Q. 23

KO

타락은 인류를 어떤 상태에 빠뜨렸는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?

The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.
Q. 24

KO

죄는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is sin?

Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule to the reasonable creature.
Q. 25

KO

사람이 떨어진 그 상태의 죄악성은 무엇으로 이루어지는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?

The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam's first sin, the want of that righteousness wherein he was created, and the corruption of his nature, whereby he is utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite unto all that is spiritually good, and wholly inclined to all evil, and that continually; which is commonly called original sin, and from which do proceed all actual transgressions.
Q. 26

KO

원죄는 우리의 첫 조상에게서 그 후손에게 어떻게 전달되는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity?

Original sin is conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity by natural generation, so as all that proceed from them in that way are conceived and born in sin.
Q. 27

KO

타락은 인류에게 어떤 비참을 가져왔는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What misery did the fall bring upon mankind?

The fall brought upon mankind the loss of communion with God, his displeasure and curse; so as we are by nature children of wrath, bond slaves to Satan, and justly liable to all punishments in this world, and that which is to come.
Q. 28

KO

이 세상에서 받는 죄의 형벌은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are the punishments of sin in this world?

The punishments of sin in this world are either inward, as blindness of mind, a reprobate sense, strong delusions, hardness of heart, horror of conscience, and vile affections; or outward, as the curse of God upon the creatures for our sakes, and all other evils that befall us in our bodies,names, estates, relations, and employments; together with death itself.
Q. 29

KO

오는 세상에서 받는 죄의 형벌은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are the punishments of sin in the world to come?

The punishments of sin in the world to come, are everlasting separation from the comfortable presence of God, and most grievous torments in soul and body, without intermission, in hell fire forever.
Q. 30

KO

하나님은 온 인류를 죄와 비참의 상태에서 멸망하도록 버려 두시는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Does God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?

God does not leave all men to perish in the estate of sin and misery,into which they fell by the breach of the first covenant, commonly called the covenant of works; but of his mere love and mercy delivers his elect out of it, and brings them into an estate of salvation by the second covenant,commonly called the covenant of grace.
Q. 31

KO

은혜 언약은 누구와 더불어 맺어졌는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

With whom was the covenant of grace made?

The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam, and in him with all the elect as his seed.
Q. 32

KO

둘째 언약에서 하나님의 은혜는 어떻게 나타나는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How is the grace of God manifested in the second covenant?

The grace of God is manifested in the second covenant, in that he freely provides and offers to sinners a Mediator, and life and salvation by him; and requiring faith as the condition to interest them in him, promises and gives his Holy Spirit to all his elect, to work in them that faith, with all other saving graces; and to enable them unto all holy obedience, as the evidence of the truth of their faith and thankfulness to God, and as the way which he has appointed them to salvation.
Q. 33

KO

은혜 언약은 언제나 동일한 방식으로 시행되었는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Was the covenant of grace always administered after one and the same manner?

The covenant of grace was not always administered after the same manner, but the administrations of it under the Old Testament were different from those under the New.
Q. 34

KO

구약 아래에서 은혜 언약은 어떻게 시행되었는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How was the covenant of grace administered under the Old Testament?

The covenant of grace was administered under the Old Testament, by promises, prophecies, sacrifices, circumcision, the passover, and other types and ordinances, which did all foresignify Christ then to come, and were for that time sufficient to build up the elect in faith in the promised Messiah, by whom they then had full remission of sin, and eternal salvation.
Q. 35

KO

신약 아래에서 은혜 언약은 어떻게 시행되는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How is the covenant of grace administered under the New Testament?

Under the New Testament, when Christ the substance was exhibited, the same covenant of grace was and still is to be administered in the preaching of the Word, and the administration of the sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper; in which grace and salvation are held forth in more fulness, evidence, and efficacy, to all nations.
Q. 36

KO

은혜 언약의 중보자는 누구이신가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Who is the Mediator of the covenant of grace?

The only Mediator of the covenant of grace is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, of one substance and equal with the Father, in the fulness of time became man, and so was and continues to be God and man, in two entire distinct natures, and one person, forever.
Q. 37

KO

하나님의 아들이신 그리스도께서 어떻게 사람이 되셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?

Christ the Son of God became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost in the womb of the virgin Mary, of her substance, and born of her, yet without sin.
Q. 38

KO

중보자께서 하나님이셔야 했던 까닭은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God?

It was requisite that the Mediator should be God, that he might sustain and keep the human nature from sinking under the infinite wrath of God, and the power of death; give worth and efficacy to his sufferings, obedience, and intercession; and to satisfy God's justice, procure his favor, purchase a peculiar people, give his Spirit to them, conquer all their enemies, and bring them to everlasting salvation.
Q. 39

KO

중보자께서 사람이셔야 했던 까닭은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be man?

It was requisite that the Mediator should be man, that he might advance our nature, perform obedience to the law, suffer and make intercession for us in our nature, have a fellow feeling of our infirmities; that we might receive the adoption of sons, and have comfort and access with boldness unto the throne of grace.
Q. 40

KO

중보자께서 한 위격 안에 하나님이시며 사람이셔야 했던 까닭은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God and man in one person?

It was requisite that the Mediator, who was to reconcile God and man, should himself be both God and man, and this in one person, that the proper works of each nature might be accepted of God for us, and relied on by us, as the works of the whole person.
Q. 41

KO

우리의 중보자께서 예수라 불리신 까닭은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Why was our Mediator called Jesus?

Our Mediator was called Jesus, because he saves his people from their sins.
Q. 42

KO

우리의 중보자께서 그리스도라 불리신 까닭은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Why was our Mediator called Christ?

Our Mediator was called Christ, because he was anointed with the Holy Ghost above measure; and so set apart, and fully furnished with all authority and ability, to execute the offices of prophet, priest, and king of his church, in the estate both of his humiliation and exaltation.
Q. 43

KO

그리스도께서는 선지자의 직분을 어떻게 수행하시는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does Christ execute the office of a prophet?

Christ executes the office of a prophet, in his revealing to the church, in all ages, by his Spirit and Word, in divers ways of administration, the whole will of God, in all things concerning their edification and salvation.
Q. 44

KO

그리스도께서는 제사장의 직분을 어떻게 수행하시는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does Christ execute the office of a priest?

Christ executes the office of a priest, in his once offering himself a sacrifice without spot to God, to be a reconciliation for the sins of his people; and in making continual intercession for them.
Q. 45

KO

그리스도께서는 왕의 직분을 어떻게 수행하시는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does Christ execute the office of a king?

Christ executes the office of a king, in calling out of the world a people to himself, and giving them officers, laws, and censures, by which he visibly governs them; in bestowing saving grace upon his elect, rewarding their obedience, and correcting them for their sins, preserving and supporting them under all their temptations and sufferings, restraining and overcoming all their enemies, and powerfully ordering all things for his own glory, and their good; and also in taking vengeance on the rest, who know not God, and obey not the gospel.
Q. 46

KO

그리스도의 낮아지심의 상태는 무엇이었는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What was the estate of Christ's humiliation?

The estate of Christ's humiliation was that low condition, wherein he for our sakes, emptying himself of his glory, took upon him the form of a servant, in his conception and birth, life, death, and after his death, until his resurrection.
Q. 47

KO

그리스도께서는 잉태와 출생에서 어떻게 자신을 낮추셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How did Christ humble himself in his conception and birth?

Christ humbled himself in his conception and birth, in that, being from all eternity the Son of God, in the bosom of the Father, he was pleased in the fulness of time to become the son of man, made of a woman of low estate, and to be born of her; with divers circumstances of more than ordinary abasement.
Q. 48

KO

그리스도께서는 그 생애에서 어떻게 자신을 낮추셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How did Christ humble himself in his life?

Christ humbled himself in his life, by subjecting himself to the law, which he perfectly fulfilled; and by conflicting with the indignities of the world, temptations of Satan, and infirmities in his flesh, whether common to the nature of man, or particularly accompanying that his low condition.
Q. 49

KO

그리스도께서는 그 죽음에서 어떻게 자신을 낮추셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How did Christ humble himself in his death?

Christ humbled himself in his death, in that having been betrayed by Judas, forsaken by his disciples, scorned and rejected by the world,condemned by Pilate, and tormented by his persecutors; having also conflicted with the terrors of death, and the powers of darkness, felt and borne the weight of God's wrath, he laid down his life an offering for sin, enduring the painful, shameful, and cursed death of the cross.
Q. 50

KO

그리스도의 죽으신 후의 낮아지심은 무엇으로 이루어졌는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Wherein consisted Christ's humiliation after his death?

Christ's humiliation after his death consisted in his being buried, and continuing in the state of the dead, and under the power of death till the third day; which has been otherwise expressed in these words, he descended into hell.
Q. 51

KO

그리스도의 높아지심의 상태는 무엇이었는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What was the estate of Christ's exaltation?

The estate of Christ's exaltation comprehends his resurrection, ascension, sitting at the right hand of the Father, and his coming again to judge the world.
Q. 52

KO

그리스도께서는 그 부활에서 어떻게 높아지셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How was Christ exalted in his resurrection?

Christ was exalted in his resurrection, in that, not having seen corruption in death (of which it was not possible for him to be held), and having the very same body in which he suffered, with the essential properties thereof (but without mortality, and other common infirmities belonging to this life), really united to his soul, he rose again from the dead the third day by his own power; whereby he declared himself to be the Son of God, to have satisfied divine justice, to have vanquished death, and him that had the power of it, and to be Lord of quick and dead: all which he did as a public person, the head of his church, for their justification, quickening in grace, support against enemies, and to assure them of their resurrection from the dead at the last day.
Q. 53

KO

그리스도께서는 그 승천에서 어떻게 높아지셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How was Christ exalted in his ascension?

Christ was exalted in his ascension, in that having after his resurrection often appeared unto and conversed with his apostles, speaking to them of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God, and giving them commission to preach the gospel to all nations, forty days after his resurrection, he, in our nature, and as our head, triumphing over enemies, visibly went up into the highest heavens, there to receive gifts for men, to raise up our affections thither, and to prepare a place for us, where himself is, and shall continue till his second coming at the end of the world.
Q. 54

KO

그리스도께서는 하나님의 오른편에 앉으심에서 어떻게 높아지셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How is Christ exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God?

Christ is exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God, in that as God-man he is advanced to the highest favor with God the Father, with all fulness of joy, glory, and power over all things in heaven and earth; and does gather and defend his church, and subdue their enemies; furnishes his ministers and people with gifts and graces, and makes intercession for them.
Q. 55

KO

그리스도께서는 어떻게 중보하시는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does Christ make intercession?

Christ makes intercession, by his appearing in our nature continually before the Father in heaven, in the merit of his obedience and sacrifice on earth, declaring his will to have it applied to all believers; answering all accusations against them, and procuring for them quiet of conscience, notwithstanding daily failings, access with boldness to the throne of grace, and acceptance of their persons and services.
Q. 56

KO

그리스도께서는 세상을 심판하러 다시 오심에서 어떻게 높아지실 것인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How is Christ to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world?

Christ is to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world, in that he, who was unjustly judged and condemned by wicked men, shall come again at the last day in great power, and in the full manifestation of his own glory, and of his Father's, with all his holy angels, with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God, to judge the world in righteousness.
Q. 57

KO

그리스도께서는 그 중보로 어떤 유익을 마련하셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What benefits has Christ procured by his mediation?

Christ, by his mediation, has procured redemption, with all other benefits of the covenant of grace.
Q. 58

KO

우리는 그리스도께서 마련하신 유익에 어떻게 참여하게 되는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How do we come to be made partakers of the benefits which Christ has procured?

We are made partakers of the benefits which Christ has procured, by the application of them unto us, which is the work especially of God the Holy Ghost.
Q. 59

KO

누가 그리스도를 통한 구속에 참여하는 자가 되는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Who are made partakers of redemption through Christ?

Redemption is certainly applied, and effectually communicated, to all those for whom Christ has purchased it; who are in time by the Holy Ghost enabled to believe in Christ according to the gospel.
Q. 60

KO

복음을 들어 본 적이 없어 예수 그리스도를 알지도 못하고 그분을 믿지도 않는 사람들이 자연의 빛을 따라 사는 것으로 구원받을 수 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Can they who have never heard the gospel, and so know not Jesus Christ, nor believe in him, be saved by their living according to the light of nature?

They who, having never heard the gospel, know not Jesus Christ, and believe not in him, cannot be saved, be they never so diligent to frame their lives according to the light of nature, or the laws of that religion which they profess; neither is there salvation in any other, but in Christ alone, who is the Savior only of his body the church.
Q. 61

KO

복음을 듣고 교회 안에 사는 모든 사람이 구원받는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Are all they saved who hear the gospel, and live in the church?

All that hear the gospel, and live in the visible church, are not saved; but they only who are true members of the church invisible.
Q. 62

KO

보이는 교회는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the visible church?

The visible church is a society made up of all such as in all ages and places of the world do profess the true religion, and of their children.
Q. 63

KO

보이는 교회의 특별한 특권은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are the special privileges of the visible church?

The visible church has the privilege of being under God's special care and government; of being protected and preserved in all ages, not withstanding the opposition of all enemies; and of enjoying the communion of saints, the ordinary means of salvation, and offers of grace by Christ to all the members of it in the ministry of the gospel, testifying, that whosoever believes in him shall be saved, and excluding none that will come unto him.
Q. 64

KO

보이지 않는 교회는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the invisible church?

The invisible church is the whole number of the elect, that have been, are, or shall be gathered into one under Christ the head.
Q. 65

KO

보이지 않는 교회의 지체들은 그리스도로 말미암아 어떤 특별한 유익을 누리는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What special benefits do the members of the invisible church enjoy by Christ?

The members of the invisible church by Christ enjoy union and communion with him in grace and glory.
Q. 66

KO

택하신 자들이 그리스도와 가지는 그 연합은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is that union which the elect have with Christ?

The union which the elect have with Christ is the work of God's grace, whereby they are spiritually and mystically, yet really and inseparably, joined to Christ as their head and husband; which is done in their effectual calling.
Q. 67

KO

효력 있는 부르심은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is effectual calling?

Effectual calling is the work of God's almighty power and grace, whereby (out of his free and special love to his elect, and from nothing in them moving him thereunto) he does, in his accepted time, invite and draw them to Jesus Christ, by his Word and Spirit; savingly enlightening their minds, renewing and powerfully determining their wills, so as they (although in themselves dead in sin) are hereby made willing and able freely to Answer: his call, and to accept and embrace the grace offered and conveyed therein.
Q. 68

KO

오직 택하신 자들만 효력 있게 부르심을 받는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Are the elect only effectually called?

All the elect, and they only, are effectually called; although others may be, and often are, outwardly called by the ministry of the Word, and have some common operations of the Spirit; who, for their wilful neglect and contempt of the grace offered to them, being justly left in their unbelief, do never truly come to Jesus Christ.
Q. 69

KO

보이지 않는 교회의 지체들이 그리스도와 가지는 은혜 안에서의 교제는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?

The communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ, is their partaking of the virtue of his mediation, in their justification, adoption, sanctification, and: Whatever else, in this life, manifests their union with him.
Q. 70

KO

칭의는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is justification?

Justification is an act of God's free grace unto sinners, in which he pardons all their sins, accepts and accounts their persons righteous in his sight; not for any thing wrought in them, or done by them, but only for the perfect obedience and full satisfaction of Christ, by God imputed to them, and received by faith alone.
Q. 71

KO

칭의는 어떻게 하나님의 값없는 은혜의 행위가 되는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How is justification an act of God's free grace?

Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God's justice in the behalf of them that are justified; yet inasmuch as God accepts the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son, imputing his righteousness to them, and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith, which also is his gift, their justification is to them of free grace.
Q. 72

KO

의롭게 하는 믿음은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is justifying faith?

Justifying faith is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit and Word of God, whereby he, being convinced of his sin and misery, and of the disability in himself and all other creatures to recover him out of his lost condition, not only assents to the truth of the promise of the gospel, but receives and rests upon Christ and his righteousness, therein held forth, for pardon of sin, and for the accepting and accounting of his person righteous in the sight of God for salvation.
Q. 73

KO

믿음은 어떻게 하나님 보시기에 죄인을 의롭게 하는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

How does faith justify a sinner in the sight of God?

Faith justifies a sinner in the sight of God, not because of those other graces which do always accompany it, or of good works that are the fruits of it, nor as if the grace of faith, or any act thereof, were imputed to him for his justification; but only as it is an instrument by which he receives and applies Christ and his righteousness.
Q. 74

KO

양자됨은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is adoption?

Adoption is an act of the free grace of God, in and for his only Son Jesus Christ, whereby all those that are justified are received into the number of his children, have his name put upon them, the Spirit of his Son given to them, are under his fatherly care and dispensations, admitted to all the liberties and privileges of the sons of God, made heirs of all the promises, and fellow heirs with Christ in glory.
Q. 75

KO

성화는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is sanctification?

Sanctification is a work of God's grace, whereby they whom God has, before the foundation of the world, chosen to be holy, are in time, through the powerful operation of his Spirit applying the death and resurrection of Christ unto them, renewed in their whole man after the image of God; having the seeds of repentance unto life, and all other saving graces, put into their hearts, and those graces so stirred up, increased, and strengthened, as that they more and more die unto sin, and rise unto newness of life.
Q. 76

KO

생명에 이르는 회개는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is repentance unto life?

Repentance unto life is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit and Word of God, whereby, out of the sight and sense, not only of the danger, but also of the filthiness and odiousness of his sins, and upon the apprehension of God's mercy in Christ to such as are penitent, he so grieves for and hates his sins, as that he turns from them all to God, purposing and endeavoring constantly to walk with him in all the ways of new obedience.
Q. 77

KO

칭의와 성화는 무엇에서 다른가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Wherein do justification and sanctification differ?

Although sanctification be inseparably joined with justification, yet they differ, in that God in justification imputes the righteousness of Christ;in sanctification his Spirit infuses grace, and enables to the exercise thereof; in the former, sin is pardoned; in the other, it is subdued:the one does equally free all believers from the revenging wrath of God, and that perfectly in this life, that they never fall into condemnation; the other is neither equal in all, nor in this life perfect in any, but growing up to perfection.
Q. 78

KO

신자 안에 있는 성화의 불완전함은 어디에서 비롯되는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Whence arises the imperfection of sanctification in believers?

The imperfection of sanctification in believers arises from the remnants of sin abiding in every part of them, and the perpetual lustings of the flesh against the spirit; whereby they are often foiled with temptations, and fall into many sins, are hindered in all their spiritual services, and their best works are imperfect and defiled in the sight of God.
Q. 79

KO

참된 신자들이 그 불완전함과 그들을 사로잡는 많은 시험과 죄 때문에 은혜의 상태에서 떨어질 수 있지 않은가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

May not true believers, by reason of their imperfections, and the many temptations and sins they are overtaken with, fall away from the state of grace?

True believers, by reason of the unchangeable love of God, and his decree and covenant to give them perseverance, their inseparable union with Christ, his continual intercession for them, and the Spirit and seed of God abiding in them, can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of grace, but are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation.
Q. 80

KO

참된 신자들은 자신이 은혜의 상태에 있고 그 안에서 구원에 이르도록 견인하리라는 것을 오류 없이 확신할 수 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Can true believers be infallibly assured that they are in the estate of grace, and that they shall persevere therein unto salvation?

Such as truly believe in Christ, and endeavor to walk in all good conscience before him, may, without extraordinary revelation, by faith grounded upon the truth of God's promises, and by the Spirit enabling them to discern in themselves those graces to which the promises of life are made, and bearing witness with their spirits that they are the children of God, be infallibly assured that they are in the estate of grace, and shall persevere therein unto salvation.
Q. 81

KO

모든 참된 신자가 항상 자신이 현재 은혜의 상태에 있고 또 구원받으리라는 것을 확신하는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Are all true believers at all times assured of their present being in the estate of grace, and that they shall be saved?

Assurance of grace and salvation not being of the essence of faith, true believers may wait long before they obtain it; and, after the enjoyment thereof, may have it weakened and intermitted, through manifold distempers, sins, temptations, and desertions; yet are they never left without such a presence and support of the Spirit of God as keeps them from sinking into utter despair.
Q. 82

KO

보이지 않는 교회의 지체들이 그리스도와 가지는 영광 안에서의 교제는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the communion in glory which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?

The communion in glory which the members of the invisible church have with Christ, is in this life, immediately after death, and at last perfected at the resurrection and day of judgment.
Q. 83

KO

보이지 않는 교회의 지체들이 이 생애에서 누리는 그리스도와의 영광 안에서의 교제는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the communion in glory with Christ which the members of the invisible church enjoy in this life?

The members of the invisible church have communicated to them in this life the firstfruits of glory with Christ, as they are members of him their head, and so in him are interested in that glory which he is fully possessed of; and, as an earnest thereof, enjoy the sense of God's love, peace of conscience, joy in the Holy Ghost, and hope of glory; as, on the contrary, sense of God's revenging wrath, horror of conscience, and a fearful expectation of judgment, are to the wicked the beginning of their torments which they shall endure after death.
Q. 84

KO

모든 사람이 죽을 것인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Shall all men die?

Death being threatened as the wages of sin, it is appointed unto all men once to die; for that all have sinned.
Q. 85

KO

죽음이 죄의 삯이라면, 의인의 모든 죄가 그리스도 안에서 사함받았는데도 어찌하여 그들이 죽음에서 건짐받지 못하는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Death, being the wages of sin, why are not the righteous delivered from death, seeing all their sins are forgiven in Christ?

The righteous shall be delivered from death itself at the last day, and even in death are delivered from the sting and curse of it; so that, although they die, yet it is out of God's love, to free them perfectly from sin and misery, and to make them capable of further communion with Christ in glory, which they then enter upon.
Q. 86

KO

보이지 않는 교회의 지체들이 죽음 직후에 누리는 그리스도와의 영광 안에서의 교제는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the communion in glory with Christ, which the members of the invisible church enjoy immediately after death?

The communion in glory with Christ, which the members of the invisible church enjoy immediately after death, is, in that their souls are then made perfect in holiness, and received into the highest heavens, where they behold the face of God in light and glory, waiting for the full redemption of their bodies, which even in death continue united to Christ, and rest in their graves as in their beds, till at the last day they be again united to their souls. Whereas the souls of the wicked are at their death cast into hell, where they remain in torments and utter darkness, and their bodies kept in their graves, as in their prisons, till the resurrection and judgment of the great day.
Q. 87

KO

부활에 관하여 우리는 무엇을 믿어야 하는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What are we to believe concerning the resurrection?

We are to believe, that at the last day there shall be a general resurrection of the dead, both of the just and unjust: when they that are then found alive shall in a moment be changed; and the selfsame bodies of the dead which were laid in the grave, being then again united to their souls forever, shall be raised up by the power of Christ. The bodies of the just, by the Spirit of Christ, and by virtue of his resurrection as their head, shall be raised in power, spiritual, incorruptible, and made like to his glorious body; and the bodies of the wicked shall be raised up in dishonor by him, as an offended judge.
Q. 88

KO

부활 직후에 무엇이 뒤따를 것인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What shall immediately follow after the resurrection?

Immediately after the resurrection shall follow the general and final judgment of angels and men; the day and hour whereof no man knows, that all may watch and pray, and be ever ready for the coming of the Lord.
Q. 89

KO

심판의 날에 악인에게 어떤 일이 행해질 것인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What shall be done to the wicked at the day of judgment?

At the day of judgment, the wicked shall be set on Christ's left hand, and, upon clear evidence, and full conviction of their own consciences, shall have the fearful but just sentence of condemnation pronounced against them; and thereupon shall be cast out from the favorable presence of God, and the glorious fellowship with Christ, his saints, and all his holy angels, into hell, to be punished with unspeakable torments, both of body and soul, with the devil and his angels forever.
Q. 90

KO

심판의 날에 의인에게 어떤 일이 행해질 것인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What shall be done to the righteous at the day of judgment?

At the day of judgment, the righteous, being caught up to Christ in the clouds, shall be set on his right hand, and there openly acknowledged and acquitted, shall join with him in the judging of reprobate angels and men, and shall be received into heaven, where they shall be fully and forever freed from all sin and misery; filled with inconceivable joys, made perfectly holy and happy both in body and soul, in the company of innumerable saints and holy angels, but especially in the immediate vision and fruition of God the Father, of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit, to all eternity. And this is the perfect and full communion, which the members of the invisible church shall enjoy with Christ in glory, at the resurrection and day of judgment.
Q. 91

KO

하나님께서 사람에게 요구하시는 의무는 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the duty which God requires of man?

The duty which God requires of man, is obedience to his revealed will.
Q. 92

KO

하나님께서 처음에 사람에게 순종의 규칙으로 무엇을 계시하셨는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What did God at first reveal unto man as the rule of his obedience?

The rule of obedience revealed to Adam in the estate of innocence, and to all mankind in him, besides a special command not to eat of the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, was the moral law.
Q. 93

KO

도덕법은 무엇인가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What is the moral law?

The moral law is the declaration of the will of God to mankind, directing and binding everyone to personal, perfect, and perpetual conformity and obedience thereunto, in the frame and disposition of the whole man, soul and body, and in performance of all those duties of holiness and righteousness which he owes to God and man: promising life upon the fulfilling, and threatening death upon the breach of it.
Q. 94

KO

타락 이후에 도덕법이 사람에게 어떤 쓸모가 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Is there any use of the moral law to man since the fall?

Although no man, since the fall, can attain to righteousness and life by the moral law; yet there is great use thereof, as well common to all men, as peculiar either to the unregenerate, or the regenerate.
Q. 95

KO

도덕법은 모든 사람에게 어떤 쓸모가 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Of what use is the moral law to all men?

The moral law is of use to all men, to inform them of the holy nature and will of God, and of their duty, binding them to walk accordingly;to convince them of their disability to keep it, and of the sinful pollution of their nature, hearts, and lives; to humble them in the sense of their sin and misery, and thereby help them to a clearer sight of the need they have of Christ, and of the perfection of his obedience.
Q. 96

KO

도덕법은 거듭나지 못한 사람에게 어떤 특별한 쓸모가 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What particular use is there of the moral law to unregenerate men?

The moral law is of use to unregenerate men, to awaken their consciences to flee from wrath to come, and to drive them to Christ; or, upon their continuance in the estate and way of sin, to leave them inexcusable, and under the curse thereof.
Q. 97

KO

도덕법은 거듭난 자에게 어떤 특별한 쓸모가 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What special use is there of the moral law to the regenerate?

Although they that are regenerate, and believe in Christ, be delivered from the moral law as a covenant of works, so as thereby they are neither justified nor condemned; yet, besides the general uses thereof common to them with all men, it is of special use, to show them: How much they are bound to Christ for his fulfilling it, and enduring the curse thereof in their stead, and for their good; and thereby to provoke them to more thankfulness, and to express the same in their greater care to conform themselves thereunto as the rule of their obedience.
Q. 98

KO

도덕법은 어디에 요약되어 담겨 있는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

Where is the moral law summarily comprehended?

The moral law is summarily comprehended in the ten commandments, which were delivered by the voice of God upon Mount Sinai, and written by him in two tables of stone; and are recorded in the twentieth chapter of Exodus. The four first commandments containing our duty to God, and the other six our duty to man.
Q. 99

KO

십계명을 바르게 이해하기 위하여 어떤 규칙들을 지켜야 하는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What rules are to be observed for the right understanding of the ten commandments?

For the right understanding of the ten commandments, these rules are to be observed: That the law is perfect, and binds everyone to full conformity in the whole man unto the righteousness thereof, and unto entire obedience forever; so as to require the utmost perfection of every duty, and to forbid the least degree of every sin. That it is spiritual, and so reaches the understanding, will, affections, and all other powers of the soul; as well as words, works, and gestures. That one and the same thing, in divers respects, is required or forbidden in several commandments. That as, where a duty is commanded, the contrary sin is forbidden; and, where a sin is forbidden, the contrary duty is commanded: so, where a promise is annexed, the contrary threatening is included; and, where a threatening is annexed, the contrary promise is included. That: What God forbids, is at no time to be done;: What he commands, is always our duty; and yet every particular duty is not to be done at all times. That under one sin or duty, all of the same kind are forbidden or commanded; together with all the causes, means, occasions, and appearances thereof, and provocations thereunto. That: What is forbidden or commanded to ourselves, we are bound, according to our places, to endeavor that it may be avoided or performed by others, according to the duty of their places. That in: What is commanded to others, we are bound, according to our places and callings, to be helpful to them; and to take heed of partaking with others in: What is forbidden them.
Q. 100

KO

우리는 십계명에서 어떤 특별한 것들을 살펴야 하는가?

No translated text is available yet.

EN

What special things are we to consider in the ten commandments?

We are to consider, in the ten commandments, the preface, the substance of the commandments themselves, and several reasons annexed to some of them, the more to enforce them.
Source: public_domain