1
Exodus 31:1
英文原文
Exodus 35:30-35. This solemn call of Bezaleel and Aholiab is full of instruction. Their work was to be only that of handicraftsmen. Still it was Yahweh Himself who called them by name to their tasks, and the powers which they were now called upon to exercise in their respective crafts, were declared to have been given them by the Holy Spirit. Thus is every effort of skill, every sort of well-ordered labor, when directed to a right end, brought into the very highest sphere of association.
There appears to be sufficient reason for identifying Hur, the grandfather of Bezaleel, with the Hur who assisted Aaron in supporting the hands of Moses during the battle with Amalek at Rephidim Exodus 17:10, and who was associated with Aaron in the charge of the people while Moses was on the mountain Exodus 24:14. Josephus says that he was the husband of Miriam. It is thus probable that Bezaleel was related to Moses. He was the chief artificer in metal, stone, and wood; he had also to perform the apothecary's work in the composition of the anointing oil and the incense Exodus 37:29. He had precedence of all the artificers, but Aholiab appears to have had the entire charge of the textile work Exodus 35:35; Exodus 38:23.
3
Exodus 31:3
「智慧、聪明、知识」——即我们在五旬主日（Whitsunday）特别为之祈求的"在凡事上的正确判断"；知觉的能力；以及经验，即对事实的实际认识。
英文原文
Wisdom, understanding, Knowledge - Or, that "right judgment in all things" for which we especially pray on Whitsunday; the perceptive faculty; and experience, a practical acquaintance with facts.
4
Exodus 31:4
「想出巧工」——更准确说是"想出技能之工"。这里的希伯来短语，与 Exodus 26:1 中论纺织品时所译的"巧匠的手工"并不相同。
英文原文
To devise cunning works - Rather, to devise works of skill. The Hebrew phrase is not the same as that rendered "cunning work" in respect to textile fabrics in Exodus 26:1.
10
Exodus 31:10
「以及供职的衣服」——更准确说是"职任的衣袍"；即大祭司显出其职任的特有衣袍。本节所提的三种衣袍，似乎是圣所独有的。它们是：
（一）大祭司装饰华美的礼服（见 Exodus 28:6-38；Exodus 39:1 起）。
（二）大祭司的细麻布"圣衣"，在一年中最庄严的场合穿着（见 Exodus 28:39；Leviticus 16:4）。
（三）所有祭司的细麻布衣袍，在他们日常的职事中穿着（见 Exodus 28:40-41）。
英文原文
And the cloths of service - Rather, And the garments of office; that is, the distinguishing official garments of the high priest. The three kinds of dress mentioned in this verse appear to be the only ones which were unique to the sanctuary. They were:
(1) The richly adorned state robes of the high priest (see Exodus 28:6-38; Exodus 39:1 following).
(2) the "holy garments" of white linen for the high priest, worn on the most solemn occasion in the year (see Exodus 28:39; Leviticus 16:4).
(3) the garments of white linen for all the priests, worn in their regular ministrations (see Exodus 28:40-41).
12
Exodus 31:12
安息日的刑罚条例（Exodus 35:2-3）。在第四条诫命中，守第七日的吩咐是诉诸百姓的良心（见 Exodus 20:8 注释）；而在此处，目的则是宣告违犯这条诫命乃属死罪。这两段经文彼此之间的关系，类似于 Leviticus 18、Leviticus 19 与 Leviticus 20 之间的关系。这条刑罚法令的特别颁布，很可能是作为与建造帐幕相关的一项警戒，免得百姓因热心赶工而受试探，违犯那守日的神圣律法。
英文原文
The penal law of the Sabbath. Exodus 35:2-3. In the fourth commandment the injunction to observe the seventh day is addressed to the conscience of the people (see Exodus 20:8 note): in this place, the object is to declare an infraction of the commandment to be a capital offence. The two passages stand in a relation to each other similar to that between Leviticus 18, Leviticus 19, and Leviticus 20. It seems likely that the penal edict was especially introduced as a caution in reference to the construction of the tabernacle, lest the people, in their zeal to carry on the work, should be tempted to break the divine law for the observance of the day.
14
Exodus 31:14
参 Numbers 15:32-36。"从民中剪除"与"被治死"这两个说法在含义上的分别，在此得到显明。那从民中被剪除的人，已因自己的过犯将自己置于圣约的条款之外，成了法律保护之外的人。惟独对这样的人——当其过犯危害民族的福祉时，正如本案一样——公共权力才可以处以死刑。
英文原文
See Numbers 15:32-36. The distinction between the meaning of the two expressions, "to be cut off from the people", and "to be put to death", is here indicated. He who was cut off from the people had, by his offence, put himself out of the terms of the covenant, and was an outlaw. On such, and on such alone, when the offence was one which affected the well-being of the nation, as it was in this case, death could be inflicted by the public authority.
17
Exodus 31:17
「舒畅」——按字面意思是"他喘了口气"。参 Exodus 23:12；2 Samuel 16:14。这个词被用在造物主身上，别处再未出现，实属值得注意。
英文原文
Was refreshed - Literally, "he took breath". Compare Exodus 23:12; 2 Samuel 16:14. The application of the word to the Creator, which occurs nowhere else, is remarkable.
18
Exodus 31:18
「两块法版」——见 Exodus 25:16；Exodus 32:15。
那代表耶和华与其百姓之约的石版——当它们被施恩座遮盖时，便赋予圣所其意义——如今按照 Exodus 24:12 的应许，交给了摩西。
关于建造圣所的历史在此中断，到 Exodus 35:1 才重新接续。
英文原文
Two tables of testimony - See Exodus 25:16; Exodus 32:15.
The tables of stone which represented the covenant between Yahweh and His people, and which, when covered with the mercy-seat were to give the sanctuary its significance, are now delivered to Moses in accordance with the promise in Exodus 24:12.
The history of what relates to the construction of the sanctuary is here interrupted, and is taken up again in Exodus 35:1.
参 Exodus 35:30-35。这次对比撒列和亚何利亚伯庄重的呼召，蕴含丰富的教训。他们的工作不过是工匠的手艺。然而，正是 Yahweh 亲自按名呼召他们承担其任务，并且他们如今在各人技艺上所要运用的能力，被宣告为圣灵所赐。如此，每一项运用技巧的工夫、每一种井然有序的劳作，只要指向正当的目标，便被提升到最高的联合层次之中。
看来有充分的理由，可以将比撒列的祖父户珃，认定为那位在利非订与亚玛力人争战时扶着摩西之手、从而协助亚伦的户珃（Exodus 17:10），以及摩西在山上时与亚伦一同管理百姓的那位户珃（Exodus 24:14）。约瑟夫（Josephus）说他是米利暗的丈夫。因此，比撒列很可能是摩西的亲属。他是金属、石头与木作方面的首席工匠；他还要负责调制膏油与香的调香师工作（Exodus 37:29）。他在一切工匠中居首，但纺织的工作似乎全由亚何利亚伯主管（Exodus 35:35；Exodus 38:23）。