2
Exodus 33:2
英文原文
See Exodus 3:8.
For I will not go up in the midst of thee - The covenant on which the original promise Exodus 23:20-23 was based had been broken by the people. Yahweh now therefore declared that though His Angel should go before Moses, He would withhold His own favoring presence. The nation should be put on a level with other nations, to lose its character as the people in special covenant with Yahweh (see the note at Exodus 33:16). Thus were the people forcibly warned that His presence could prove a blessing to them only on condition of their keeping their part of the covenant Exodus 33:3. If they failed in this, His presence would be to them "a consuming fire" (Deuteronomy 4:24; compare Exodus 32:10).
5
Exodus 33:5
「我若上去」——更好的译法是："我若在你们中间上去片时，便会灭绝你们。"
「使我知道」——藉着他们悔改的这一记号，Yahweh 将决定要以何种方式惩罚他们。
英文原文
I will come up ... - Better; If I were to go up for one moment in the midst of thee, I should consume thee.
That I may know ... - By that sign of their repentance Yahweh would decide in what way they were to be punished.
6
Exodus 33:6
「从何烈山」——即从何烈山起。他们从在何烈山那时起，就不再佩戴妆饰。
英文原文
By the mount Horeb - From Mount Horeb onward. They ceased to wear their ornaments from the time they were at Mount Horeb.
7
Exodus 33:7
「帐幕」——即帐棚。旧约中唯一应当译作"会幕"的那个词 משׁכן mı̂shkān，在这段叙事中一次也没有出现（参 Exodus 26:1）。此处所指的，是摩西为这一临时目的而设立的一座帐棚，可能就是他素常居住的那座。
「支搭在营外，离营却远」——为要使百姓感觉到他们已经失去了神的同在（见 Exodus 25:8）。这座帐棚要成为与 Yahweh 相会之处，如同即将建造的会幕一样。
会幕（按理应当这样称呼，见 Exodus 27:21 注，以及 Exodus 40 末尾的注）被安置在"离营却远"之处，中保和他忠心的仆人约书亚得以单独进入其中（Exodus 33:11）。
英文原文
The tabernacle - The tent. The only word in the Old Testament which ought to be rendered "tabernacle" משׁכן mı̂shkān does not occur once in this narrative Exodus 26:1. What is here meant is a tent appointed for this temporary purpose by Moses, possibly that in which he was accustomed to dwell.
Pitched it without the camp, afar off from the camp - That the people might feel that they had forfeited the divine presence (see Exodus 25:8). This tent was to be a place for meeting with Yahweh, like the tabernacle which was about to be constructed.
The tent of meeting (as it should be called, see Exodus 27:21 note, and note at end of Exodus 40) was placed "afar off from the camp," and the mediator and his faithful servant Joshua were alone admitted to it Exodus 33:11.
10
Exodus 33:10
「帐幕门口」——即帐棚的入口。
百姓藉着敬拜的行动，再次表明了他们的悔改。
英文原文
The tabernacle door - The entrance of the tent.
The people by their act of worship gave another proof of their penitence.
11
Exodus 33:11
「面对面」——参 Exodus 33:20 注释。
英文原文
Face to face - See Exodus 33:20 note.
13
Exodus 33:13
「你的道」——他不愿留在悬而未决的不确定之中，而是盼望借着耶和华行事的方式，确知那赐给他的应许乃是真实的。
英文原文
Thy way - He desires not to be left in uncertainty, but to be assured, by Yahweh's mode of proceeding, of the reality of the promises that had been made to him.
14
Exodus 33:14
「安息」——这是指拥有应许之地的惯用说法。见 Deuteronomy 3:20；Joshua 1:13、Joshua 1:15；参 Hebrews 4:8。
英文原文
Rest - This was the common expression for the possession of the promised land. Deuteronomy 3:20; Joshua 1:13, Joshua 1:15; compare Hebrews 4:8.
16
Exodus 33:16
「你和我们同去」——惟有这一点使以色列人区别于——与其说"分别于"——其他民族，也惟有这一点能使应许之地成为令人向往的家园。参 2 Samuel 7:23。
英文原文
Thou goest with us - It was this which alone distinguished (rather than "separated") them from other nations, and which alone would render the land of promise a home to be desired. Compare 2 Samuel 7:23.
17
Exodus 33:17
参 Exodus 33:13。他为民族的祈求，以及他作为中保自身的请求，如今都得到了完全的应允。
英文原文
Compare Exodus 33:13. His petition for the nation, and his own claims as a mediator, are now granted to the full.
18
Exodus 33:18
「将你的荣耀显给我看」——耶和华这位忠心的仆人，如今因其代求的成功而得了确据，便怀着敬虔之心本有的趋向，渴慕与他的神圣之主有比以往更亲密的相交。他所寻求的，是超越以前一切启示的某种东西。
英文原文
Shew me thy glory - The faithful servant of Yahweh, now assured by the success of his mediation, yearns, with the proper tendency of a devout spirit, for a more intimate communion with his divine Master than he had yet enjoyed. He seeks for something surpassing all former revelations.
19
Exodus 33:19
但他的请求无法按人类存在的条件而应允。全能者的荣耀在其丰满之中，不能向人的眼目显露。参 Judges 6:22；Isaiah 6:5。然而，对神圣良善的进一步启示却是可能的（见 Exodus 33:6-7）。
保罗也和摩西一样，蒙受了特别的"主的异象和启示"（2 Corinthians 12:1-4）。但他也像摩西一样，必须体认人的理智在神性领域中所及的狭窄（1 Timothy 6:16）。无论我们与那圣者的相交何等亲密，只要我们还处在肉身之中，仍要"仿佛对着镜子观看，模糊不清"，等候那不再是比喻、而要真正"面对面"相见的时候（1 Corinthians 13:12）。那时我们就知道："必要像他，因为必得见他的真体"（1 John 3:2）。
Exodus 33:19
「要恩待……」——耶和华宣告：他将要向这民族施予的恩典，其根据乃是他自己的旨意。保罗将这些话应用于雅各的蒙拣选，为要推翻犹太人自义的夸口（Romans 9:15）。
英文原文
But his request could not be granted in accordance with the conditions of human existence. The glory of the Almighty in its fulness is not to be revealed to the eye of man. Compare Judges 6:22; Isaiah 6:5. A further revelation of the divine goodness was however possible (see Exodus 33:6-7).
It was vouchsafed to Paul, as it had been to Moses, to have special "visions and revelations of the Lord" 2 Corinthians 12:1-4. But he had, also like Moses, to find the narrow reach of the intellect of man in the region of Godhead 1 Timothy 6:16. However intimate may be our communion with the Holy One, we are still, as long as we are in the flesh, "to see through a glass darkly," waiting for the time when we shall see, with no figure of speech, "face to face" 1 Corinthians 13:12. Then we know "that we shall be like Him, for we shall see Him as He is" 1 John 3:2.
Exodus 33:19
Will be gracious ... - Yahweh declares His own will to be the ground of the grace which He is going to show the nation. Paul applies these words to the election of Jacob in order to overthrow the self-righteous boasting of the Jews Romans 9:15.
20
Exodus 33:20
这类经文既显然符合我们所知属灵存在与人类感官之间的关系，便指示我们当如何解释"面对面"（Exodus 33:11；Deuteronomy 34:10）、"口对口"（Numbers 12:8）以及其他类似的说法。见 Exodus 24:10；Isaiah 6:1；并参 John 14:9。
英文原文
Such passages as this, being clearly in accordance with what we know of the relation of spiritual existence to the human senses, show how we are to interpret the expressions "face to face" Exodus 33:11; Deuteronomy 34:10, "mouth to mouth" Numbers 12:8, and others of the like kind. See Exodus 24:10; Isaiah 6:1; and compare John 14:9.
见 Exodus 3:8。
「我不在你们中间上去」——原来应许（Exodus 23:20-23）所依据的圣约，已被百姓破坏了。因此 Yahweh 现在宣告：虽然祂的使者要在摩西前面行，祂却要收回自己那施恩的同在。这国将被置于与其他列国同等的地位，失去作为与 Yahweh 特立圣约之民的特性（见 Exodus 33:16 注）。这样，百姓便受到严厉的警告：祂的同在只有在他们履行圣约中自己那一份的条件下，才能成为他们的祝福（Exodus 33:3）。他们若在这方面失败，祂的同在对他们就必成为"烈火"（Deuteronomy 4:24；参 Exodus 32:10）。