3
Exodus 9:3
英文原文
A very grievous murrain - Or "pestilence;" but the word "murrain," i. e. "a great mortality," exactly expresses the meaning. This terrible visitation struck far more severely than the preceding, which had caused distress and suffering; it attacked the resources of the nation.
The camels - These animals are only twice mentioned, here and Genesis 12:16, in connection with Egypt. Though camels are never represented on the monuments, they were known to the Egyptians, and were probably used on the frontier.
6
Exodus 9:6
「一切的牲畜」——即留在田间的牲畜；参 Exodus 9:19-21。
英文原文
All the cattle - i. e. which were left in the field; compare Exodus 9:19-21.
7
Exodus 9:7
「固执」——见 Exodus 4:21。法老大概把以色列人未受灾祸归因于自然因素。他们是一个牧放的民族，深谙一切与照料牲畜有关的事；并且所住的地带大概比下埃及其余地方远为健康。
英文原文
Was hardened - See Exodus 4:21. Pharaoh probably attributed the exemption of the Israelites to natural causes. They were a pastoral race, well acquainted with all that pertained to the care of cattle; and dwelling in a healthy district probably far more than the rest of Lower Egypt.
8
Exodus 9:8
这标志着灾祸的性质有了明显的进展与改变。此前，埃及人未曾直接在身体上受到攻击。这是第二次没有先提出要求和警告就降下的灾，大概是因为法老在畜疫一事上表现出了特别的顽梗。
「炉灰」——这举动显然是象征性的：炉灰要向天扬起，可以说是向埃及的神明发出挑战。这也许是指向埃及人的一种习俗——将献给提丰（Typhon）的祭牲之灰撒向风中。
英文原文
This marks a distinct advance and change in the character of the visitations. Hitherto, the Egyptians had not been attacked directly in their persons. It is the second plague which was not preceded by a demand and warning, probably on account of the special hardness shown by Pharaoh in reference to the murrain.
Ashes of the furnace - The act was evidently symbolic: the ashes were to be sprinkled toward heaven, challenging, so to speak, the Egyptian deities. There may possibly be a reference to an Egyptian custom of scattering to the winds ashes of victims offered to Typhon.
9
Exodus 9:9
「起泡的疮」——大概指一种灼热的肿瘤或痈，破裂成为化脓的溃疡。这神迹在于灾祸的严重程度，以及它与摩西之举的直接关联。
英文原文
A boil - Means probably a burning tumor or carbuncle breaking out in pustulous ulcers. The miracle consisting in the severity of the plague and its direct connection with the act of Moses.
11
Exodus 9:11
本节似乎表明，术士们此时正式退让，承认了自己的失败。
英文原文
This verse seems to imply that the magicians now formally gave way and confessed their defeat.
13
Exodus 9:13
随着雹灾，最后一连串的灾殃开始了；这些灾殃在严重性和效果上都与此前的灾殃不同。每一灾都在法老的情绪上产生了虽属暂时、却是真实的变化。
英文原文
With the plague of hail begins the last series of plagues, which differ from the former both in their severity and their effects. Each produced a temporary, but real, change in Pharaoh's feelings.
14
Exodus 9:14
「我的一切灾难」——这是指随后的一切灾殃；每一灾的效果都曾被预先看见并预告。"这一次"这话指向快速而连续不断的打击。在此之前诸灾似乎散布在相当长的时间之内：摩西初次传话是在前一年早收之后、以色列人可以拾取碎秸的时候，也就是四五月间；灾殃开始时的第二次使命大概在六月底，诸灾断断续续一直延续到冬天；这一灾是在二月；见 Exodus 9:31。
英文原文
All my plagues - This applies to all the plagues which follow; the effect of each was foreseen and foretold. The words "at this time" point to a rapid and continuous succession of blows. The plagues which precede appear to have been spread over a considerable time; the first message of Moses was delivered after the early harvest of the year before, when the Israelites could gather stubble, i. e. in May and April: the second mission, when the plagues began, was probably toward the end of June, and they went on at intervals until the winter; this plague was in February; see Exodus 9:31.
15
Exodus 9:15
「如今我若……」——更妥当的译法是："如今我若真的伸手，用瘟疫击打你和你的人民，你就早已从地上除灭了。"Exodus 9:16 说明了神为何没有如此一次性施予决定性刑罚的原因。
英文原文
For now ... - Better, For now indeed, had I stretched forth my hand and smitten thee and thy people with the pestilence, then hadst thou been cut off from the earth. Exodus 9:16 gives the reason why God had not thus inflicted a summary punishment once for all.
16
Exodus 9:16
「我叫你存立」——参页边旁注。神使法老"存立"，即容他存活并撑持下去，直到他自己的旨意成就。
英文原文
Have I raised thee up - See the margin. God kept Pharaoh "standing", i. e. permitted him to live and hold out until His own purpose was accomplished.
18
Exodus 9:18
「重大的冰雹」——这神迹在于降灾之猛烈，以及它与摩西之举的即时关联。
英文原文
A very grievous hail - The miracle consisted in the magnitude of the infliction and in its immediate connection with the act of Moses.
19
Exodus 9:19
在埃及，牲畜在一月至四月间被赶到旷野牧场吃草，那时青草茂盛；一年中其余的时间则关在栏里。
英文原文
In Egypt the cattle are sent to pasture in the open country from January to April, when the grass is abundant. They are kept in stalls for the rest of the year.
20
Exodus 9:20
「耶和华的话」——这首次显明，那些警告在埃及人身上产生了有益的效果。
英文原文
The word of the Lord - This gives the first indication that the warnings had a salutary effect upon the Egyptians.
27
Exodus 9:27
「耶和华」——如此，法老首次明确承认耶和华是神（参 Exodus 5:2）。
英文原文
The Lord - Thus, for the first time, Pharaoh explicitly recognizes Yahweh as God (compare Exodus 5:2).
29
Exodus 9:29
「地是属耶和华的」——这一宣告直接针对埃及的迷信。每一位神都被认为只在特定地域内拥有特殊权能；法老已经学到耶和华是一位神，如今他必须承认祂的权能遍及全地。神能的独一性与普遍性，虽在古埃及文献中偶获承认，却在极早的时期就被交替于多神论与泛神论之间的种种体系掩盖了。
英文原文
The earth is the Lord's - This declaration has a direct reference to Egyptian superstition. Each god was held to have special power within a given district; Pharaoh had learned that Yahweh was a god, he was now to admit that His power extended over the whole earth. The unity and universality of the divine power, though occasionally recognized in ancient Egyptian documents, were overlaid at a very early period by systems alternating between Polytheism and Pantheism.
31
Exodus 9:31
「麻已经吐苞」——意即正在开花。这标明了时节。在埃及北部，大麦成熟、亚麻开花约在二月中旬，最迟三月初；两者都在四月小麦收割开始之前收完。亚麻的种植必定十分重要：细麻布比任何衣料更受青睐，且为祭司专用。埃及纪念碑铭中常提到它。
英文原文
The flax was bolled - i. e. in blossom. This marks the time. In the north of Egypt the barley ripens and flax blossoms about the middle of February, or at the latest early in March, and both are gathered in before April, when the wheat harvest begins. The cultivation of flax must have been of great importance; linen was preferred to any material, and exclusively used by the priests. It is frequently mentioned on Egyptian monuments.
32
Exodus 9:32
「粗麦」——更宜作“斯佩尔特小麦”（spelt）。这是古埃及人的普通食粮，如今当地人称之为“杜拉”（doora），也是浮雕上表现的唯一谷类；不过这名称在纪念碑铭中与其他谷类并列出现得十分频繁。
英文原文
Rie - Rather, "spelt," the common food of the ancient Egyptians, now called "doora" by the natives, and the only grain represented on the sculptures: the name, however, occurs on the monuments very frequently in combination with other species.
35
Exodus 9:35
「刚硬着心」——希伯来原文用词不同。Exodus 9:34 的词意为“变得沉重”，即迟钝、无法作出正确判断；Exodus 9:35 的词更强，暗示一种顽梗的决心。
英文原文
Hardened - Different words in the Hebrew. In Exodus 9:34 the word means "made heavy," i. e. obtuse, incapable of forming a right judgment; in Exodus 9:35 it is stronger, and implies a stubborn resolution.
「极重的畜疫」——或作"瘟疫"；但"畜疫"（murrain）一词，即"大量死亡"，正好表达了其意义。这可怕的灾祸比前几次造成困苦与痛苦的灾害打击得更为严重；它直接打击了国家的资源。
「骆驼」——这类动物仅在两处与埃及有关的经文中被提及，即此处与 Genesis 12:16。虽然纪念碑上从未刻画骆驼，但埃及人是知道骆驼的，并且大概在边境地带使用它们。