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1Ch 17:1-10.
英文原文
1Ch 17:1-10.
DAVID FORBIDDEN TO BUILD GOD A HOUSE.
1. as David sat in his house--The details of this chapter were given in nearly similar terms
(2Sa 7:1-29).
The date was towards the latter end of David's reign, for it is expressly said in the former book to have been at the cessation of all his wars. But as to narrate the preparations for the removal of the ark and the erection of the temple was the principal object of the historian, the exact chronology is not followed.
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5. 我……从这帐幕行到那帐幕,从这居所行到那居所——字面直译为:「我在帐幕与居所中行走。」其明显的用意
(见
1Ch 17:6)
是要强调神乃是一位 Mithhatlek(行走的神),带着他的帐幕和他全部的居所(这居所不仅包括帐幕,还包括前院及其中的燔祭坛等)从一个地方迁移到另一个地方[BERTHEAU]。
英文原文
5. I . . . have gone from tent to tent, and from one tabernacle to another--The literal rendering is, "I was walking in a tent and in a dwelling." The evident intention (as we may see from
1Ch 17:6)
was to lay stress upon the fact that God was a Mithhatlek (a travelling God) and went from one place to another with His tent and His entire dwelling (the dwelling included not merely the tent, but the fore-courts with the altar of burnt offerings, &c.) [BERTHEAU].
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6. 我对任何一个士师……说过话吗——在
2Sa 7:7
作「以色列的任何支派」。两者均包括在内。但那些「受命牧养百姓」的士师,与大卫构成更为恰当的对比。
你们为何不给我建造香柏木的殿宇呢?——即一座坚固而宏伟的殿宇。
英文原文
6. spake I a word to any of the judges--In
2Sa 7:7
it is "any of the tribes" of Israel. Both are included. But the judges "who were commanded to feed the people," form the more suitable antithesis to David.
Why have ye not built me an house of cedars?--that is, a solid and magnificent temple.
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7. 万军之耶和华如此说:我从羊圈中将你取出——那是一种粗石砌成的圆塔,墙高而顶开,夜间常将羊群关在其中以保护它们免受野兽侵害。意思是:我完全出于神圣恩典的作为,将你从卑微的地位提升到宝座上,并非因你先前有何功德
(参
1Sa 16:11),
并使你获得与任何其他君王相等乃至更胜的声名。你的朝代将永远被视为以色列历史中最美好、最辉煌的时代,因为它要为国家确保繁荣与平安的稳固基业,不再有早期所困扰他们的压迫与动荡。
英文原文
7. Thus saith the Lord of hosts, I took thee from the sheepcote--a round tower of rude construction, high walled, but open at the top, in which sheep are often enclosed at night to protect them from wild beasts. The meaning is, I elevated you to the throne from a humble condition solely by an act of divine grace, and not from any antecedent merits of your own (see on
1Sa 16:11),
and I enabled you to acquire renown, equal or superior to any other monarch. Your reign will ever be afterwards regarded as the best and brightest era in the history of Israel, for it will secure to the nation a settled inheritance of prosperity and peace, without any of the oppressions or disorders that afflicted them in early times.
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9, 10. 起初,自从我吩咐士师——即包括从约书亚到扫罗的整个时期。
我告诉你,耶和华必为你建立家室——这是拿单本人所说的话,他特别受命要向大卫保证:不仅他个人必蒙福昌盛,而且必有延续不断的王室后裔。
英文原文
9, 10. at the beginning, and since the time that I commanded judges--that is, including the whole period from Joshua to Saul.
I tell thee that the Lord will build thee an house--This was the language of Nathan himself, who was specially directed to assure David, not only of personal blessing and prosperity, but of a continuous line of royal descendants.
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11. 我必兴起你的后裔——(参
2Sa 7:12)。
英文原文
11. I will raise up thy seed--(See on
2Sa 7:12).
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13. 我必不将我的慈爱全然夺去,像从前从你面前所夺去的那人一样——我对待他的方式,将不同于我对扫罗的处置。纵然他的失德须受个人的惩治,我也必存留他的家。我若见有必要暂时收回我的恩眷与帮助,那也不过是改正的管教,为要挽回与恢复,而非毁灭。(有人根据本段经文,论证所罗门曾悔改归向神)。
英文原文
13. I will not take my mercy away from him, as I took it from him that was before thee--My procedure in dealing with him will be different from My disposal of Saul. Should his misconduct call for personal chastisement, I shall spare his family. If I see it necessary to withdraw My favor and help for a time, it will be a corrective discipline only to reform and restore, not to destroy. (On this passage some have founded an argument for Solomon's repentance and return to God).
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14. 我要将他坚定在我的家——即在我的百姓以色列之上。
和我的国里,直到永远——神在此宣告他在以色列中至高无上的主权。大卫与所罗门及其继任者,不过是他所任命,或在护理中所容许的代理人。
他的国位必坚定,直到永远——大卫的后裔长久相承地继承王位——但并非始终如此。在这样的语境中,「直到永远」一语是限制性地使用的
(参
La 3:31)。
我们自然期望先知在结束之前回到大卫身上——因为他在前文
(1Ch 17:12)
已论及所罗门圣殿的建造。他的家必蒙福的应许,乃是为弥补他想建殿却未能如愿的失望,因此这一保证在先知讲话的结语中恰当地予以重申[BERTHEAU]。
英文原文
14. I will settle him in my house--over My people Israel.
and in my kingdom for ever--God here asserts His right of supreme sovereignty in Israel. David and Solomon, with their successors, were only the vicegerents whom He nominated, or, in His providence, permitted.
his throne shall be established for evermore--The posterity of David inherited the throne in a long succession--but not always. In such a connection as this, the phrase "for evermore" is employed in a restricted sense (see on
La 3:31).
We naturally expect the prophet to revert to David before concluding, after having spoken
(1Ch 17:12)
of the building of Solomon's temple. The promise that his house should be blessed was intended as a compensation for the disappointment of his wish to build the temple, and hence this assurance is appropriately repeated at the conclusion of the prophet's address [BERTHEAU].
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15. 照着……这一切异象——神旨意的启示是在梦中向先知显明的。
英文原文
15. According to all . . . this vision--The revelation of the divine will was made to the prophet in a dream.
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16. 大卫王……坐在耶和华面前,说——(参
2Sa 7:18)。
英文原文
16. David the king . . . sat before the Lord, and said--(See on
2Sa 7:18).
1Ch 17:1-10.
大卫被禁止为神建造殿宇
1. 大卫坐在自己宫中——本章的细节,与前书所述几乎相同
(2Sa 7:1-29)。
其年代当在大卫王朝后期,因为前书明言此事发生在其一切战事止息之时。但历史学家的主要目的,是要叙述搬运约柜的预备工作及圣殿的建造,因此并未严格遵循年代次序。