1
Ex 20:1-26.
英文原文
Ex 20:1-26.
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS.
1. And God spake all these words--The Divine Being Himself was the speaker
(De 5:12, 32, 33),
in tones so loud as to be heard--so distinct as to be intelligible by the whole multitude standing in the valleys below, amid the most appalling phenomena of agitated nature. Had He been simply addressing rational and intelligent creatures, He would have spoken with the still small voice of persuasion and love. But He was speaking to those who were at the same time fallen and sinful creatures, and a corresponding change was required in the manner of God's procedure, in order to give a suitable impression of the character and sanctions of the law revealed from heaven
(Ro 11:5-9).
2
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2. 我是耶和华你的神——这是十诫的序言——后一子句特别适用于以色列人的情形,而前一子句则适用于全人类;表明这律法的合理性,建立在受造者与造物主之间永恒的关系,以及人与人之间彼此的关系之上。
英文原文
2. I am the Lord thy God--This is a preface to the ten commandments--the latter clause being specially applicable to the case of the Israelites, while the former brings it home to all mankind; showing that the reasonableness of the law is founded in their eternal relation as creatures to their Creator, and their mutual relations to each other.
3
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3. 除了我以外,你不可有别的神——即在我面前,在我之外,或除了我之外。
英文原文
3. Thou shalt have no other gods before me--in My presence, beside, or except Me.
4
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4、5. 不可……雕刻偶像……不可跪拜那些像——即「为跪拜而造」。在摩西自己的主持之下,曾制造了基路伯的形像、铜蛇、牛,以及地上许多其他事物,却从未被定罪。仅仅制造并非犯罪——为要加以偶像崇拜而制造,才是罪。
英文原文
4, 5. Thou shalt not make . . . any graven image . . . thou shalt not bow down thyself to them--that is, "make in order to bow." Under the auspices of Moses himself, figures of cherubim, brazen serpents, oxen, and many other things in the earth beneath, were made and never condemned. The mere making was no sin--it was the making with the intent to give idolatrous worship.
8
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8. 当记念安息日——暗示这日早已为人所知,并被公认为神圣安息之时。前四诫
[出 20:3-11]
包括我们对神当尽的本分——后六诫
[出 20:12-17]
是我们对同胞当尽的本分;而照基督的解释,它们管辖人心,正如管辖人口一样
(太 5:17)。
「人若遵行,就必因此活着」
[利 18:5; 尼 9:29]。
但是,唉!对于软弱堕落的人,这是何等大的「若」。凡以律法为指望之人,便欠了律法的债;如此看来,若不是「耶和华我们的义」
[耶 23:6; 33:16]
(约 1:17),
人人都毫无指望了。
英文原文
8. Remember the sabbath day--implying it was already known, and recognized as a season of sacred rest. The first four commandments
[Ex 20:3-11]
comprise our duties to God--the other six
[Ex 20:12-17]
our duties to our fellow men; and as interpreted by Christ, they reach to the government of the heart as well as the lip
(Mt 5:17).
"If a man do them he shall live in them"
[Le 18:5; Ne 9:29].
But, ah! what an if for frail and fallen man. Whoever rests his hope upon the law stands debtor to it all; and in this view every one would be without hope were not "the LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS"
[Jer 23:6; 33:16]
(Joh 1:17).
18
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18-21. 众百姓看见雷轰、闪电——他们亲眼所见、亲耳所闻神降临的可畏表征。但他们却没有看见神本身。
英文原文
18-21. all the people saw the thunderings and the lightnings--They were eye and ear witnesses of the awful emblems of the Deity's descent. But they perceived not the Deity Himself.
19
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19. 求你不要和我们说话,恐怕我们死亡——雷轰闪电的景象曾是对埃及极为致命的灾难之一;如今他们听见神向他们说话,便担心也会立刻死亡。甚至摩西——旧约的中保——自己也「极其恐惧战兢」
(来 12:21)。
但无疑地,神所说的乃是要叫「他」得安慰的话——使他恢复到适合承担所托事工的心境;因此紧接着,他便能用自己从神所受的安慰,去安慰他们、坚固他们
(林后 1:4)。
英文原文
19. let not God speak with us, lest we die, &c.--The phenomena of thunder and lightning had been one of the plagues so fatal to Egypt, and as they heard God speaking to them now, they were apprehensive of instant death also. Even Moses himself, the mediator of the old covenant, did "exceedingly quake and fear"
(Heb 12:21).
But doubtless God spake what gave him relief--restored him to a frame of mind fit for the ministrations committed to him; and hence immediately after he was enabled to relieve and comfort them with the relief and comfort which he himself had received from God
(2Co 1:4).
22
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22、23. 耶和华对摩西说——从
申 4:14-16
可见,这吩咐是从西奈山上的情景引申出来的结论——既然那时没有显示任何神的形像,他们就不可试图为祂造任何可见的形像或样式。
英文原文
22, 23. the Lord said unto Moses--It appears from
De 4:14-16,
that this injunction was a conclusion drawn from the scene on Sinai--that as no similitude of God was displayed then, they should not attempt to make any visible figure or form of Him.
24
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24. 你要为我筑土坛——一条适用于特殊或临时场合的条例。
英文原文
24. An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me--a regulation applicable to special or temporary occasions.
25
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25. 不可用凿成的石头筑——即不可雕刻可能引人迷信的图像和装饰。
英文原文
25. thou shalt not build it of hewn stone, &c.--that is, carved with figures and ornaments that might lead to superstition.
26
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26.台阶——这是为端庄起见而采取的预防措施,因祭司所穿的是宽松、宽大、飘垂的衣袍。
英文原文
26. by steps--a precaution taken for the sake of decency, in consequence of the loose, wide, flowing garments of the priests.
出埃及记 20:1-26.
十诫
1. 神吩咐这一切的话——说话的乃是神自己
(申 5:12, 32, 33),
祂的声音洪亮,足以使人听见——清晰可辨,使站在下方山谷中的全体会众都能明白,伴随着令人惊惧的自然界震撼景象。祂若只是对有理性、有悟性的受造者说话,本可以以那微小的、出于劝勉与慈爱的声音发言。但祂此刻所面对的,同时也是堕落的、有罪的受造者,因此神行事的方式也须有相应的改变,才能使人对于那从天上启示之律法的性质与威慑,有相符的印象
(罗 11:5-9)。