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Ex 25:1-40.
英文原文
Ex 25:1-40.
CONCERNING AN OFFERING.
1. the Lord spake unto Moses, &c.--The business that chiefly occupied Moses on the mount, whatever other disclosures were made to him there, was in receiving directions about the tabernacle, and they are here recorded as given to him.
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2. 你要收下归我,凡甘心乐意献给我的,等等——他们既已宣告效忠神为他们的君王,便当为祂的国度有所贡献,正如别的臣民之于他们的君王;所要求的「供物」并非作为赋税强加于他们,而是要出自他们自己忠诚而慷慨的心意。
英文原文
2. bring me an offering of every man that giveth it willingly, &c.--Having declared allegiance to God as their sovereign, they were expected to contribute to His state, as other subjects to their kings; and the "offering" required of them was not to be imposed as a tax, but to come from their own loyal and liberal feelings.
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3. 你们向他们所要收的供物——即供物所当包含的物件。
铜——更准确地说应是紫铜,因黄铜是一种合金。
英文原文
3. this is the offering which ye shall take of them--the articles of which the offerings should consist.
brass--rather copper, brass being a composite metal.
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4. 山羊毛——或作山羊皮的皮革。
英文原文
4. goats' hair--or leather of goats' skin.
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5. 海狗皮——海狗是不洁的动物,东方并不出产——更可能是某种鱼类,东方以其皮革制鞋。[参见
出 39:34
及
结 16:10。]
皂荚木——或作什塔(Shittah)
(赛 41:19),
即金合欢,是阿拉伯沙漠中大量生长的灌木,产出一种轻、坚而美观的木材,可成长条木板。
英文原文
5. badgers' skins--The badger was an unclean animal, and is not a native of the East--rather some kind of fish, of the leather of which sandals are made in the East. [See on
Ex 39:34
and
Eze 16:10.]
shittim wood--or Shittah
(Isa 41:19),
the acacia, a shrub which grows plentifully in the deserts of Arabia, yielding a light, strong, and beautiful wood, in long planks.
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7. 以弗得——祭司所穿的一种方形外袍,从两肩垂下。
英文原文
7. ephod--a square cloak, hanging down from the shoulders, and worn by priests.
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8. 圣所,使我可以住在他们中间——就一方面而言,会幕是一座宫殿,是以色列王的王室居所,祂要在其中住在百姓中间,接受他们的祈求,发出祂的答复。但它也是敬拜之所,神要在其中记下祂的名,并安放祂临在的奥秘象征。
英文原文
8. a sanctuary; that I may dwell among them--In one sense the tabernacle was to be a palace, the royal residence of the King of Israel, in which He was to dwell among His people, receive their petitions, and issue His responses. But it was also to be a place of worship, in which God was to record His name and to enshrine the mystic symbols of His presence.
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9. 都要照我所指示你的,照着会幕的样式——所要建造的,就以色列人的处境而言,不能是固定稳固的,而必须是暂时、可移动的性质,可在他们各处漂流时随身携带。它是照着指示摩西的「样式」造的,如今一般理解为:它并非前所未闻的新奇之物,或完全独创的结构,因为查明其形式与布置与埃及庙宇的风格相似;而是经过如此的改变、修改,并清除一切偶像崇拜的联想,使其归于正当的用途,并引发与真神及其敬拜相关的意念。
英文原文
9. According to all that I show thee, after the pattern of the tabernacle--The proposed erection could be, in the circumstances of the Israelites, not of a fixed and stable but of a temporary and movable description, capable of being carried about with them in their various sojournings. It was made after "the pattern" shown to Moses, by which is now generally understood, not that it was an unheard-of novelty, or an entirely original structure, for it is ascertained to have borne resemblance in form and arrangements to the style of an Egyptian temple, but that it was so altered, modified, and purified from all idolatrous associations, as to be appropriated to right objects, and suggestive of ideas connected with the true God and His worship.
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10. 约柜——一个柜子或箱子,包上精金;按一肘十八英寸计算,其尺寸推算为长三英尺九英寸,宽二英尺三英寸。
英文原文
10. an ark--a coffer or chest, overlaid with gold, the dimensions of which, taking the cubit at eighteen inches, are computed to be three feet nine inches in length, two feet three inches in breadth.
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11. 冠冕——即边沿或飞檐。
英文原文
11. a crown--a rim or cornice.
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12. 环子——为穿杠之用的U形钉,用以将约柜从一处抬到另一处。
英文原文
12. rings--staples for the poles, with which it was to be carried from place to place.
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15. 这杠要常在约柜的环内——即无论约柜静止或搬运,杠都常留在环内。
英文原文
15. staves shall be in the rings of the ark--that is, always remain in the rings, whether the ark be at rest or in motion.
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16. 法版——即两块石版,其上有十诫,称为「法版」,因为借着它,神见证祂对以色列作为祂子民的主权,见证祂拣选他们作为祂旨意和敬拜的守护者,见证祂在他们违背律法时的不悦;而在他们一方面,借着接受这律法并存放在所定之处,他们见证承认神有权治理他们,并顺服祂律法的权威。装着「法版」的约柜,其华美精巧的样式,象征着它所珍藏的伟大宝藏;换言之,即神话语无与伦比的价值与卓越;而它被放在这柜中,更表明神历来对保存它所存的极大用心。
英文原文
16. the testimony--that is, the two tables of stone, containing the ten commandments, and called "the testimony," because by it God did testify His sovereign authority over Israel as His people, His selection of them as the guardians of His will and worship, and His displeasure in the event of their transgressing His laws; while on their part, by receiving and depositing this law in its appointed place, they testified their acknowledgment of God's right to rule over them, and their submission to the authority of His law. The superb and elaborate style of the ark that contained "the testimony" was emblematic of the great treasure it held; in other words, the incomparable value and excellence of the Word of God, while its being placed in this chest further showed the great care which God has ever taken for preserving it.
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17. 你要用精金做施恩座——作为盖子,严严地把它遮盖。它可译为「挽回之盖」,表明基督——我们伟大的挽回祭
[约壹 2:2; 4:10],
已完全满足了律法的一切要求,遮盖了我们的过犯,并立于我们和被违犯之律法的咒诅之间。
英文原文
17. thou shalt make a mercy seat of pure gold--to serve as a lid, covering it exactly. It was "the propitiatory cover," as the term may be rendered, denoting that Christ, our great propitiation
[1Jo 2:2; 4:10],
has fully answered all the demands of the law, covers our transgressions, and comes between us and the curse of a violated law.
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18. 两个基路伯——这些像的真正含义,以及它们的形状样式,都不确知——大概与后来引进圣殿、并在
结 10:8-22
所描述的相似。它们展开翅膀,脸朝向施恩座
[出 25:20],
可能呈俯伏的姿态。现今盛行的看法是:这些华美的形像所象征的,不是天使,而是地上的人——即历代以来有分于恩典时代之神教会的成员,各时代蒙救赎的人;而这些象形文字的样式,象征着神真子民的品质——勇气、忍耐、智慧和勤勉。
英文原文
18. two cherubim--The real meaning of these figures, as well as the shape or form of them, is not known with certainty--probably similar to what was afterwards introduced into the temple, and described in
Eze 10:8-22.
They stretched out their wings, and their faces were turned towards the mercy seat
[Ex 25:20],
probably in a bowing attitude. The prevailing opinion now is, that those splendid figures were symbolical not of angelic but of earthly and human beings--the members of the Church of God interested in the dispensation of grace, the redeemed in every age--and that these hieroglyphic forms symbolized the qualities of the true people of God--courage, patience, intelligence, and activity.
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22. 我要在那里与你相会,我要从施恩座上二基路伯中间与你说话——舍金纳(Shekinah),即神同在的记号,停留在施恩座上,以云为表征;当为百姓求问神时,有声音从云中可闻地发出回应。因此,圣经描述神为「住」或「坐」在二基路伯之间。
英文原文
22. there I will meet with thee, and I will commune with thee from above the mercy seat--The Shekinah, or symbol of the Divine Presence, rested on the mercy seat, and was indicated by a cloud, from the midst of which responses were audibly given when God was consulted on behalf of His people. Hence God is described as "dwelling" or "sitting" between the cherubim.
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23. 用皂荚木做一张桌子——与约柜的材料和装饰相同[详
出 25:5 的注释],
同样也配有穿杠的环子
[出 25:26]。
然而安放停当之后,就要把杠抽出,免得妨碍祭司在桌前事奉。它在长宽上比约柜少半肘,但高度相同[详
出 25:10 的注释]。
英文原文
23. table of shittim wood--of the same material and decorations as the ark [see on
Ex 25:5],
and like it, too, furnished with rings for the poles on which it was carried
[Ex 25:26].
The staves, however, were taken out of it when stationary, in order not to encumber the priests while engaged in their services at the table. It was half a cubit less than the ark in length and breadth, but of the same height. [See on
Ex 25:10.]
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24. 牌——即桌边的镶边或装饰性边框,据认为是高出桌面的一圈,为防止物件掉落。
英文原文
24. crown--the moulding or ornamental rim, which is thought to have been raised above the level of the table, to prevent anything from falling off.
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29. 盘子——宽阔的扁盘。
勺——杯子或凹形器皿,用以盛香。
盖——为饼和为香都有。
奠酒的爵——即杯;虽然没有提到酒,但按约瑟夫(JOSEPHUS)和拉比们的说法,每逢一周换饼时,无疑向神献了奠祭。
to cover withal——更当译作「用以倾倒」。
英文原文
29. dishes--broad platters.
spoons--cups or concave vessels, used for holding incense.
covers--both for bread and incense.
bowls--cups; for though no mention is made of wine, libations were undoubtedly made to God, according to JOSEPHUS and the rabbins, once a week, when the bread was changed.
to cover withal--rather, "to pour out withal."
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30. 陈设饼——字面作「面饼」(presence bread),如此称呼,因它常常陈列在耶和华面前;或因其为祂面前的饼,正如祂面前的使者一样,在象征上预表基督。它由十二个无酵饼组成,据传统说是分两堆,每堆六个摆放。这饼的设立,是为象征在教会中为神百姓属灵的养育和复兴所预备的丰盛而永不断绝的供应。
英文原文
30. showbread--literally, presence bread, so called because it was constantly exhibited before the Lord, or because the bread of His presence, like the angel of His presence, pointed symbolically to Christ. It consisted of twelve unleavened loaves, said traditionally to have been laid in piles of six each. This bread was designed to be a symbol of the full and never-failing provision which is made in the Church for the spiritual sustenance and refreshment of God's people.
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31. 灯台——字面作「灯盏的持托者」。它的构造可以拆开,以便搬运。主干或主柱立在一个底座上。它有七个枝子,形如芦苇或苇茎——每边三个,中间一个——并加工成球、花、碗交替排列的样式
[出 25:32-36]。
提多凯旋门上所刻的图形,最能叫人了解这灯台的样式。
英文原文
31. candlestick--literally, "a lamp bearer." It was so constructed as to be capable of being taken to pieces for facility in removal. The shaft or stock rested on a pedestal. It had seven branches, shaped like reeds or canes--three on each side, with one in the center--and worked out into knobs, flowers, and bowls, placed alternately
[Ex 25:32-36].
The figure represented on the arch of Titus gives the best idea of this candlestick.
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33. knops——「knobs」(球状)的旧拼法——即凸出的圆球装饰。
英文原文
33. knops--old spelling for "knobs"--bosses.
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37. 要使灯……点着,照亮——光来自纯净的橄榄油,大概长明不灭(参
出 30:7; 利 24:2)。
英文原文
37. they shall light the lamps . . . that they may give light--The light was derived from pure olive oil, and probably kept continually burning (compare
Ex 30:7; Le 24:2).
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38. 蜡剪——即剪烛花用的剪刀。
英文原文
38. tongs--snuffers.
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39. 精金一他连得——重量等于125磅金衡。
英文原文
39. a talent of pure gold--in weight equivalent to 125 lbs. troy.
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40. 你要照着在山上指示你的样式去做——这提醒在叙事其他部分也屡次出现,足证神圣的君王对自己宫殿或圣所的建造何等深切关注;除非我们假定这会幕具有预表性质,并且在其主要特征上预表基督教会的大真理,以服务于人类的宗教教导和益处,否则我们便无法解释神为何屈尊注意如此琐碎的细节。
英文原文
40. look that thou make them after their pattern--This caution, which is repeated with no small frequency in other parts of the narrative, is an evidence of the deep interest taken by the Divine King in the erection of His palace or sanctuary; and it is impossible to account for the circumstance of God's condescending to such minute details, except on the assumption that this tabernacle was to be of a typical character, and eminently subservient to the religious instruction and benefit of mankind, by shadowing forth in its leading features the grand truths of the Christian Church.
出埃及记 25:1-40.
关于 供物
1. 耶和华对摩西说,等等——摩西在山上主要办理的事,无论在那里还领受了什么其他的启示,就是接受关于会幕的指示;这些指示在此被记录下来,如同当时赐给他的一样。