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Ex 34:1-35.
英文原文
Ex 34:1-35.
THE TABLES ARE RENEWED.
1. the like unto the first--God having been reconciled to repentant Israel, through the earnest intercession, the successful mediation of Moses, means were to be taken for the restoration of the broken covenant. Intimation was given, however, in a most intelligible and expressive manner, that the favor was to be restored with some memento of the rupture; for at the former time God Himself had provided the materials, as well as written upon them. Now, Moses was to prepare the stone tables, and God was only to retrace the characters originally inscribed for the use and guidance of the people.
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2. 你……上山顶到我这里来——并非绝对最高之处;因为舍金那的云彩通常停在山顶,然而
(出 34:5)
它「降下来」,由此可清楚推知,摩西所要驻足的地点虽不远,却仍在最高峰之下。
英文原文
2. present thyself . . . to me in the top of the mount--Not absolutely the highest peak; for as the cloud of the Shekinah usually abode on the summit, and yet
(Ex 34:5)
it "descended," the plain inference is that Moses was to station himself at a point not far distant, but still below the loftiest pinnacle.
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3. 谁也不可和你上去……连……羊群牛群也不可在……吃草——这一切规定,都是为要使律法得以带着首次颁布时那样的庄严与圣洁再次重申。整个经过的安排,是要使百姓对神的圣洁存着敬畏之心;并且使他们知道,使祂(可以这样说)不得不重新颁布十诫之律法,绝非小事。
英文原文
3. no man shall come up with thee . . . neither . . . flocks nor herds--All these enactments were made in order that the law might be a second time renewed with the solemnity and sanctity that marked its first delivery. The whole transaction was ordered so as to impress the people with an awful sense of the holiness of God; and that it was a matter of no trifling moment to have subjected Him, so to speak, to the necessity of re-delivering the law of the ten commandments.
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4. 摩西……手里拿着两块石版——摩西既没有随从分担携带的劳力,可见石版必不重,尺寸也不大——大概是何烈山区盛产的页岩或板岩的扁平石板。它们能放进至圣所的约柜之中
(出 25:10),
这也进一步证明其尺寸相对较小。
英文原文
4. Moses . . . took in his hand the two tables of stone--As Moses had no attendant to divide the labor of carrying them, it is evident that they must have been light, and of no great dimensions--probably flat slabs of shale or slate, such as abound in the mountainous region of Horeb. An additional proof of their comparatively small size appears in the circumstance of their being deposited in the ark of the most holy place
(Ex 25:10).
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5. 耶和华在云中降临——云彩在恩慈地笼罩会幕之后,似乎又恢复到山顶的惯常位置。那是神向外在感官彰显的影子;同时也是神在肉身显现的影子。选用云彩为象征,似乎是要表明:祂虽乐于使人认识许多关于祂自己的事,但仍有更多向必死的眼光隐藏。这是为了遏制人的僭妄,生出敬畏之心,并使人对于在属神知识上所能达到的,有谦卑之感——正如如今人虽看见,却是模糊不清。
英文原文
5. the Lord descended in the cloud--After graciously hovering over the tabernacle, it seems to have resumed its usual position on the summit of the mount. It was the shadow of God manifest to the outward senses; and, at the same time, of God manifest in the flesh. The emblem of a cloud seems to have been chosen to signify that, although He was pleased to make known much about himself, there was more veiled from mortal view. It was to check presumption and engender awe and give a humble sense of human attainments in divine knowledge, as now man sees, but darkly.
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6. 耶和华在他面前宣告——在这奇妙的景象中,神行了祂前一日对摩西所应许的事。
宣告说:耶和华……有怜悯、有恩典——较早之前,祂曾以自有永有、永恒威严的荣耀,向摩西宣告自己是「我是」
[出 3:14];
如今祂以恩典与良善的荣耀使人认识祂——这些属性将在教会未来的历史与经历中辉煌地彰显。祂既将要重新颁布律法——以色列人的罪既已蒙赦免,赦罪的文书也将借着重新立定前约的条款而签署封印——这便是最适合的时机,宣告那将显明的神圣怜悯之广,这怜悯不仅临到以色列人,也临到一切犯罪的人。
英文原文
6. the Lord passed by before him--in this remarkable scene, God performed what He had promised to Moses the day before.
proclaimed, The Lord . . . merciful and gracious--At an earlier period He had announced Himself to Moses, in the glory of His self-existent and eternal majesty, as "I am"
[Ex 3:14];
now He makes Himself known in the glory of His grace and goodness--attributes that were to be illustriously displayed in the future history and experience of the church. Being about to republish His law--the sin of the Israelites being forgiven and the deed of pardon about to be signed and sealed by renewing the terms of the former covenant--it was the most fitting time to proclaim the extent of the divine mercy which was to be displayed, not in the case of Israel only, but of all who offend.
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8-26. 摩西……俯伏在地,下拜——在东方,人对君王低头鞠躬,在君王经过时肃静无声;而在西方,人则脱帽欢呼。
英文原文
8-26. Moses bowed . . . and worshipped--In the East, people bow the head to royalty, and are silent when it passes by, while in the West, they take off their hats and shout.
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9、10. 他说:主啊,我若在你眼前蒙恩,求主在我们中间同行——基于这一宣告,他以心中洋溢的善意,恳切地为神继续与百姓同在而祈求;神也乐意以重新立约的形式,重新应许,以此作为对摩西代求的有利答复,重复了构成前次民族盟约条件的主要条款。
英文原文
9, 10. he said, If now I have found grace in thy sight, O Lord, let my Lord, I pray thee, go among us--On this proclamation, he, in the overflowing benevolence of s heart, founded an earnest petition for the Divine Presence being continued with the people; and God was pleased to give His favorable answer to Moses' intercession by a renewal of His promise under the form of a covenant, repeating the leading points that formed the conditions of the former national compact.
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27、28. 耶和华对摩西说:你要将这些话写上——即上述所包含的礼仪和司法的吩咐
(出 34:11-26);
而将十诫重新写在预备好的新石版上,则是由神亲自完成的(参
申 10:1-4)。
英文原文
27, 28. And the Lord said unto Moses, Write thou these words--that is, the ceremonial and judicial injunctions comprehended above
(Ex 34:11-26);
while the rewriting of the ten commandments on the newly prepared slabs was done by God Himself (compare
De 10:1-4).
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28. 他在那里与耶和华同在四十昼夜——与上次一样长久
[出 24:18],
借着神的神迹大能得着扶持,以执行他特别的职责。这次第二次的长时间禁食,有特殊的原因
(申 9:18)。
英文原文
28. he was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights--as long as formerly
[Ex 24:18],
being sustained for the execution of his special duties by the miraculous power of God. A special cause is assigned for his protracted fast on this second occasion
(De 9:18).
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29. 摩西不知道自己的面皮与神说话以后就发了光——这是对他所进入的崇高境界、所看见之荣耀的一种提示
(林后 3:18);
从这角度看,这是他作为神使者的崇高职分的记号。无需再出示什么荐信,他的凭证就写在自己脸上;无论这异常的光辉是永久的还是暂时的记号,无疑这返照的荣耀是赐给他,作为在众百姓面前的尊荣。
英文原文
29. Moses wist not that the skin of his face shone while he talked with him--It was an intimation of the exalted presence into which he had been admitted and of the glory he had witnessed
(2Co 3:18);
and in that view, it was a badge of his high office as the ambassador of God. No testimonial needed to be produced. He bore his credentials on his very face; and whether this extraordinary effulgence was a permanent or merely temporary distinction, it cannot be doubted that this reflected glory was given him as an honor before all the people.
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30. 他们就怕挨近他——他们的惧怕源于罪疚之感——他面上耀目的光辉,使他在他们战兢的良心中显得如天上烈焰的使者。
英文原文
30. they were afraid to come nigh him--Their fear arose from a sense of guilt--the beaming radiance of his countenance made him appear to their awe-struck consciences a flaming minister of heaven.
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33. 他用帕子蒙上脸——那帕子在就近神说话时被取下,是最合宜的,因为在无所不知者的眼前,人人都显为赤露敞开、无帕子遮蔽;但他回到百姓那里时,帕子又重新蒙上——这是那时代黑暗和影儿性质的象征
(林后 3:13, 14)。
英文原文
33. he put a veil on his face--That veil was with the greatest propriety removed when speaking with the Lord, for every one appears unveiled to the eye of Omniscience; but it was replaced on returning to the people--and this was emblematic of the dark and shadowy character of that dispensation
(2Co 3:13, 14).
出埃及记 34:1-35.
法版 重新 凿造
1. 和先前的一样——神既已借着摩西恳切的代求、成功的调解,与悔改的以色列人和好,便要采取措施,恢复那已经破坏的约。然而,祂以最易明白且意味深长的方式暗示:这恩典的恢复将附带关系破裂的记念;因为前一次是神自己预备了石版,也是祂亲自在上面书写。如今,摩西要预备石版,而神只是重新刻上原来为着百姓的用途与引导而铭刻的字样。