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Jer 27:1-22.
英文原文
Jer 27:1-22.
THE FUTILITY OF RESISTING NEBUCHADNEZZAR ILLUSTRATED TO THE AMBASSADORS OF THE KINGS, DESIRING TO HAVE THE KING OF JUDAH CONFEDERATE WITH THEM, UNDER THE TYPE OF YOKES. JEREMIAH EXHORTS THEM AND ZEDEKIAH TO YIELD.
1. Jehoiakim--The prophecy that follows was according to this reading given in the fourth year of Jehoiakim, fifteen years before it was published in the reign of Zedekiah to whom it refers; it was thus long deposited in the prophet's bosom, in order that by it he might be supported under trials in his prophetic career in the interim [CALVIN]. But "Zedekiah" may be the true reading. So the Syriac and Arabic Versions.
Jer 27:3, 12; Jer 28:1,
confirm this; also, one of KENNICOTT'S manuscripts. The English Version reading may have originated from
Jer 26:1.
"Son of Josiah" applies to Zedekiah as truly as to "Jehoiakim" or "Eliakim." The fourth year may, in a general sense here, as in
Jer 28:1,
be called "the beginning of his reign," as it lasted eleven years
(2Ki 24:18).
It was not long after the fourth year of his reign that he rebelled against Nebuchadnezzar
(Jer 51:59; 52:3; 2Ki 24:20),
in violation of an oath before God
(2Ch 36:13).
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2. 绑索——把轭系在颈上的绳索
(耶 5:5)。
轭——字面指那块两端连在一对牛颈上两轭的雕花木块，用以把它们联结起来。此处指轭本身。用复数，是因为他自己要戴一个，其余的要给众使臣；
(耶 27:3；28:10, 12)
证明这一次的象征行动是实际行了出来的（不像别处，
耶 25:15）（试将
赛 20:2， 等等；结 12:3, 11, 18
相比较）。
英文原文
2. bonds--by which the yoke is made fast to the neck
(Jer 5:5).
yokes--literally, the carved piece of wood attached at both ends to the two yokes on the necks of a pair of oxen, so as to connect them. Here the yoke itself. The plural is used, as he was to wear one himself, and give the others to the ambassadors;
(Jer 27:3; 28:10, 12)
proves that the symbolical act was in this instance (though not in others,
Jer 25:15)
actually done (compare
Isa 20:2, &c.; Eze 12:3, 11, 18).
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3. 送信给以东王，等等——这是合适的象征，因为这些使臣来到耶路撒冷，正是为要商议摆脱尼布甲尼撒的轭。据亚历山大的革利免（CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA）所引法勒塞底斯（PHERECYDES）之言[《杂集》567]，西古提王伊丹图拉向已渡过多瑙河的大利乌示意将率军攻他，所送的不是书信，而是一只老鼠、一只青蛙、一只鸟、一支箭和一张犁。交托给耶利米的任务需要极大的信心，因为这必定会同样激怒他本国的人和那些外国使臣并他们的王——在他们全都因结盟而充满自信之时，这看似是一种侮辱。
英文原文
3. And send them to the king of Edom, &c.--Appropriate symbol, as these ambassadors had come to Jerusalem to consult as to shaking off the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar. According to PHERECYDES in CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA [Miscellanies, 567], Idanthura, king of the Scythians, intimated to Darius, who had crossed the Danube, that he would lead an army against him, by sending him, instead of a letter, a mouse, a frog, a bird, an arrow, and a plough. The task assigned to Jeremiah required great faith, as it was sure to provoke alike his own countrymen and the foreign ambassadors and their kings, by a seeming insult, at the very time that all were full of confident hopes grounded on the confederacy.
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5. 神在这里如同别处一样，把教训与表号相连，那教训可说是表号的灵魂，没有它便不仅冷淡轻浮，甚至是死的[CALVIN]。神提到祂的至高权能，是为要驳斥那些倚仗自己权能之人的骄傲
(Isa 45:12)。
赐给我所愿意给的人——
(Ps 115:15, 16； Da 4:17, 25, 32)。
不是因为他的功劳，而是出于我独自的美意[ESTIUS]。
英文原文
5. God here, as elsewhere, connects with the symbol doctrine, which is as it were its soul, without which it would be not only cold and frivolous, but even dead [CALVIN]. God's mention of His supreme power is in order to refute the pride of those who rely on their own power
(Isa 45:12).
given it unto whom it seemed meet unto me--
(Ps 115:15, 16; Da 4:17, 25, 32).
Not for his merits, but of My own sole good pleasure [ESTIUS].
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6. 田野的走兽——不仅是为迦勒底兵士载运的马，以及运送粮草的牛[GROTIUS]；也不仅是野兽出没的荒野、山林、丛林，暗示他帝国版图的无边[ESTIUS]；更是野兽本身借着一种奥秘的本能。这是对人的责备，因他们不认识神的旨意，连走兽却承认（比较
Isa 1:3)。
正如走兽要顺服基督——那恢复因首先的亚当所失落之治权的那位（比较
Ge 1:28; 2:19, 20； Ps 8:6-8)，
它们也被指定顺服尼布甲尼撒——世界权势的代表和敌基督的预表；这普遍的权柄被容许由他执掌，为要显明无人配执掌它，"直到那应得的人来到"
(Eze 21:27)。
英文原文
6. beasts of the field--not merely the horses to carry his Chaldean soldiers, and oxen to draw his provisions [GROTIUS]; not merely the deserts, mountains, and woods, the haunts of wild beasts, implying his unlimited extent of empire [ESTIUS]; but the beasts themselves by a mysterious instinct of nature. A reproof to men that they did not recognize God's will, which the very beasts acknowledged (compare
Isa 1:3).
As the beasts are to submit to Christ, the Restorer of the dominion over nature, lost by the first Adam (compare
Ge 1:28; 2:19, 20; Ps 8:6-8),
so they were appointed to submit to Nebuchadnezzar, the representative of the world power and prefigurer of Antichrist; this universal power was suffered to be held by him to show the unfitness of any to wield it "until He come whose right it is"
(Eze 21:27).
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7. 儿子……孙子的儿子——
(2Ch 36:20)。
尼布甲尼撒有四位继承者——以未米罗达，他的儿子；尼里格利萨尔，尼布甲尼撒之女的丈夫；其子拉波索达查得；以及拿波尼度（其子伯沙撒与他同掌王权），是以未米罗达的儿子。但尼里格利萨尔和拉波索达查得不在直系男系之内；所以预言仍说"他的儿子和他儿子的儿子"为真，中间两位则省略。
他本国的时候——即他本国被征服或受"刑罚"之时
(Jer 27:22； Jer 25:12; 29:10; 50:27； Da 5:26)。
使他的奴仆服事他——使他作他们的仆人
(Jer 25:14； Isa 13:22)。
正如"他的日子"指他命定的灾祸之日
(Job 18:20)。
英文原文
7. son . . . son's son--
(2Ch 36:20).
Nebuchadnezzar had four successors--Evil-merodach, his son; Neriglissar, husband of Nebuchadnezzar's daughter; his son, Labosodarchod; and Naboned (with whom his son, Belshazzar, was joint king), son of Evil-merodach. But Neriglissar and Labosodarchod were not in the direct male line; so that the prophecy held good to "his son and his son's son," and the intermediate two are omitted.
time of his land--that is, of its subjugation or its being "visited" in wrath
(Jer 27:22; Jer 25:12; 29:10; 50:27; Da 5:26).
serve themselves of him--make him their servant
(Jer 25:14; Isa 13:22).
So "his day" for the destined day of his calamity
(Job 18:20).
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8. 直到我藉他的手将他们灭绝——直到我藉着这些毁灭性的刑罚使他们服在他的权下。
英文原文
8. until I have consumed them by his hand--until by these consuming visitations I have brought them under his power.
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9. ye（你们）——特指犹太人，因为对其余人的告诫，本是为他们而发的。
enchanters（用法术的）——占下者[加尔文（CALVIN）]，源于意为"眼"的词根，即观看星辰及其他预兆以占卜未来的人；或源于另一意为"定的时候"的词根，即观时者：为律法所禁
(Le 19:26; De 18:10, 11, 14)。
英文原文
9. ye--the Jews especially, for whom the address to the rest was intended.
enchanters--augurs [CALVIN], from a root, the "eyes," that is, lookers at the stars and other means of taking omens of futurity; or another root, a "fixed time," observers of times: forbidden in the law
(Le 19:26; De 18:10, 11, 14).
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10. to remove you（使你们被迁移）——表达将导致的结局。他们借法术所要避免的那事，正是他们借法术所招致的。宁可顺服尼布甲尼撒、仍留在本地，也不要背叛而被迁离此地。
英文原文
10. to remove you--expressing the event which would result. The very thing they profess by their enchantments to avert, they are by them bringing on you. Better to submit to Nebuchadnezzar, and remain in your land, than to rebel, and be removed from it.
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11. serve . . . till（服事……耕种）——希伯来文中"服事"与"耕种"（开垦）同出一词根。你们服事巴比伦王，地就服事你们[加尔文（CALVIN）]。
英文原文
11. serve . . . till it--The same Hebrew root expresses "serve" and "till," or "cultivate." Serve ye the king of Babylon, and the land will serve you [CALVIN].
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12. I spake also（我也对他们说）——译作："我也说"云云。这是将前文主题特别应用于西底家。
英文原文
12. I spake also--translate, "And I spake," &c. Special application of the subject to Zedekiah.
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13. Why . . . die（为何……死）——在受此警告之后，仍抗拒尼布甲尼撒，自取灭亡
(Eze 18:31)。
英文原文
13. Why . . . die--by running on your own ruin in resisting Nebuchadnezzar after this warning
(Eze 18:31).
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14. lie（说谎）——
(Jer 14:14)。
英文原文
14. lie--
(Jer 14:14).
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15. in my name（奉我的名）——魔鬼常以神的名为谎言的借口
(Mt 4:6; 7:22, 23; Jer 27:15-20，
即辨别假先知的试验)。
英文原文
15. in my name--The devil often makes God's name the plea for lies
(Mt 4:6; 7:22, 23; Jer 27:15-20,
the test whereby to know false prophets).
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16. "器皿"在约雅斤在位时已被掠到巴比伦
(2Ki 24:13)；
更早则在约雅敬在位时
(2Ch 36:5-7)。
英文原文
16. The "vessels" had been carried away to Babylon in the reign of Jeconiah
(2Ki 24:13);
also previously in that of Jehoiakim
(2Ch 36:5-7).
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18. at Jerusalem（在耶路撒冷）——即除了神殿和王宫之外，其他存有这些器皿的房屋。尼布甲尼撒手下的护卫长尼布撒拉旦将这一切都带走
(2Ki 25:13-17; 2Ch 36:18)。
那些更贵重的器皿早已在约雅敬和约雅斤年间被带走了。
英文原文
18. at Jerusalem--that is, in other houses containing such vessels, besides the house of God and the king's palace. Nebuzara-dan, captain of the guard under Nebuchadnezzar, carried all away
(2Ki 25:13-17; 2Ch 36:18).
The more costly vessels had been previously removed in the reigns of Jehoiakim and Jeconiah.
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19.
(Jer 52:17, 20, 21)。
英文原文
19.
(Jer 52:17, 20, 21).
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22. until . . . I visit them（直到……我眷顾他们）——借古列在怒中眷顾
(Jer 32:5)。
自约雅斤年间初次被掳
(Jer 29:10; 2Ch 36:21)
起，七十年。
restore them（将它们带回）——借古列之手
(Ezr 1:7)。
借亚达薛西之手
(Ezr 7:19)。
英文原文
22. until . . . I visit them--in wrath by Cyrus
(Jer 32:5).
In seventy years from the first carrying away of captives in Jehoiachin's reign
(Jer 29:10; 2Ch 36:21).
restore them--by the hand of Cyrus
(Ezr 1:7).
By Artaxerxes
(Ezr 7:19).
耶 27:1-22。
以轭为喻，向那些欲与犹大王结盟的诸王使臣说明抵抗尼布甲尼撒乃是徒然；耶利米劝他们和西底家都要降服。
1. 约雅敬——按此读法，下文的预言是在约雅敬第四年赐的，早于它在西底家在位时（即论及西底家的那段）发表十五年；这预言在先知怀中存放了许久，为叫他在此期间的先知生涯中，在试炼中得着支持[加尔文（CALVIN）]。但"西底家"可能才是正确的读法。叙利亚文和阿拉伯文译本都如此。耶 27:3, 12；耶 28:1，都证实了这一点；肯尼科特（KENNICOTT）的一份抄本也是如此。英文译本的读法可能源自
耶 26:1。
"约西亚的儿子"一语用于西底家，与用于"约雅敬"或"以利亚敬"一样恰当。这里第四年大概与
耶 28:1
中一样，广义地称为"他作王的起初"，因为他作王共十一年
(王下 24:18)。
就在他第四年之后不久，他便背叛了尼布甲尼撒
(耶 51:59；52:3； 王下 24:20)，
违背了在神面前所起的誓
(代下 36:13)。