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Job 42:1-6.
英文原文
Job 42:1-6.
JOB'S PENITENT REPLY.
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2. 在头一句话中，他承认神在自然界之上全能无匹，与自己的软弱相对（神已在伯40:15、41:34中证明此点）；在第二句话中，他承认神在一切作为上至为公义（祂要作世界的治理者，就必须如此），与自己的卑劣（伯42:6）以及不能像公正的法官那样对付恶人（伯40:8-14）相对。
意念（thought）——“旨意”，如伯17:11；但通常用于恶谋（伯21:27；诗10:2）：故意选用这一含义双关的字，是要表明：在约伯有限的眼光看来，神的计划似乎不善；但在那全智者眼中，这些计划始终无阻地进展，至终必被看见既美好又无限智慧。恶不可能从众善之父发出（雅1:13、17）；但将恶转为善，却是祂的特权。
英文原文
2. In the first clause he owns God to be omnipotent over nature, as contrasted with his own feebleness, which God had proved
(Job 40:15; 41:34);
in the second, that God is supremely just (which, in order to be governor of the world, He must needs be) in all His dealings, as contrasted with his own vileness
(Job 42:6),
and incompetence to deal with the wicked as a just judge
(Job 40:8-14).
thought--"purpose," as in
Job 17:11;
but it is usually applied to evil devices
(Job 21:27; Ps 10:2):
the ambiguous word is designedly chosen to express that, while to Job's finite view, God's plans seem bad, to the All-wise One they continue unhindered in their development, and will at last be seen to be as good as they are infinitely wise. No evil can emanate from the Parent of good
(Jas 1:13, 17);
but it is His prerogative to overrule evil to good.
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3. 正是我这个人！约伯用神自己的话（伯38:2）表达他深切谦卑的悔改。神论我们罪孽的话当铭刻在我们心上，作为我们认罪的根基。大多数人在认罪时，与其说是认罪，不如说是减轻。约伯省略了“用言语”（伯38:2）几个字，比神的指控更进一步。不仅我的言语，连我全部的心思与行为也都“无知识”。
太奇妙（too wonderful）——我鲁莽地否认你在治理人间万事上有什么既定计划，只因你的计划对我而言“太奇妙”，无法测透。
英文原文
3. I am the man! Job in God's own words
(Job 38:2)
expresses his deep and humble penitence. God's word concerning our guilt should be engraven on our hearts and form the groundwork of our confession. Most men in confessing sin palliate rather than confess. Job in omitting "by words"
(Job 38:2),
goes even further than God's accusation. Not merely my words, but my whole thoughts and ways were "without knowledge."
too wonderful--I rashly denied that Thou hast any fixed plan in governing human affairs, merely because Thy plan was "too wonderful" for my comprehension.
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4. 当我说：“你当听”云云，约伯的要求（伯13:22）就证明他“无知识”。只有神能这样对约伯说话，约伯不能这样对神说；故他再引用神的话，作为撤回自己愚昧之言的根基。
英文原文
4. When I said, "Hear," &c., Job's demand
(Job 13:22)
convicted him of being "without knowledge." God alone could speak thus to Job, not Job to God: therefore he quotes again God's words as the groundwork of retracting his own foolish words.
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5. 耳朵听见（hearing of the ear）——（诗18:44，边注）。听见与看见常成对比（伯29:11；诗18:8）。
看见（seeth）——不是见神的面（出33:20），而是在黑暗云彩的帕子中见祂的同在（伯38:1）。约伯也暗示，除了字面上的看见之外，他如今在属灵上看见了从前不过含糊地风闻的神无限智慧。“如今”他证明了这一点；他在神发言之初已从字面上看见，但直到“如今”在神发言结束之时，他才属灵上看见。
英文原文
5. hearing of the ear--
(Ps 18:44,
Margin). Hearing and seeing are often in antithesis
(Job 29:11; Ps 18:8).
seeth--not God's face
(Ex 33:20),
but His presence in the veil of a dark cloud
(Job 38:1).
Job implies also that, besides this literal seeing, he now saw spiritually what he had indistinctly taken on hearsay before God's infinite wisdom. He "now" proves this; he had seen in a literal sense before, at the beginning of God's speech, but he had not seen spiritually till "now" at its close.
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6. 自己（myself）——更当译作：“我厌恶”，并撤回我顶撞你的那些鲁莽的话（伯42:3、4）[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
英文原文
6. myself--rather "I abhor," and retract the rash speeches I made against thee
(Job 42:3, 4)
[UMBREIT].
7
Job 42:7-17.
伯42:7-17。
尾声（散文体）。
7. 对以利法（to Eliphaz）——因为他是三位朋友中最主要的；他们的言辞不过是他的回声。
是（right）——原文作“有根有基”，确定真实。他们对约伯的态度不和善，为要为自己的不和善辩护，便用了虚假的论证（伯13:7）；（即灾祸总是证明特别的罪）；故此，他们虽是“为神”如此妄言，神却“责备”他们，正如约伯所说祂将要作的（伯13:10）。
像……约伯那样（as . . . Job hath）——约伯论到他们及其论据时说得对，否认了他们的理论，也否认了他们所声称的事实，即他特别有罪、是个假冒为善者；但他论到神时却错了，陷入相反的极端，几乎否认一切罪。这极端他如今已经悔改，故神称他如今完全“是”对的。
英文原文
Job 42:7-17.
EPILOGUE, in prose.
7. to Eliphaz--because he was the foremost of the three friends; their speeches were but the echo of his.
right--literally, "well-grounded," sure and true. Their spirit towards Job was unkindly, and to justify themselves in their unkindliness they used false arguments
(Job 13:7);
(namely, that calamities always prove peculiar guilt); therefore, though it was "for God" they spake thus falsely, God "reproves" them, as Job said He would
(Job 13:10).
as . . . Job hath--Job had spoken rightly in relation to them and their argument, denying their theory, and the fact which they alleged, that he was peculiarly guilty and a hypocrite; but wrongly in relation to God, when he fell into the opposite extreme of almost denying all guilt. This extreme he has now repented of, and therefore God speaks of him as now altogether "right."
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8. 七（seven）——（参引言）。外邦先知所献的数目（民23:1）。约伯显然生活在律法祭司制度等之前。族长为自己的家人作祭司；有时也作代求的中保（创20:17），如此预示了那真正的中保（提前2:5），但献祭是伴随中保之工，也是其根基。
他（him）——更当译作：“只悦纳他的人[面]”（参伯22:30注释）。“人”必须先被悦纳，神才能悦纳他的奉献与工作（创4:4）；那只能借着耶稣基督成就。
愚妄（folly）——即不敬虔（伯1:22；2:10）。
英文原文
8. seven--(See
Introduction).
The number offered by the Gentile prophet
(Nu 23:1).
Job plainly lived before the legal priesthood, &c. The patriarchs acted as priests for their families; and sometimes as praying mediators
(Ge 20:17),
thus foreshadowing the true Mediator
(1Ti 2:5),
but sacrifice accompanies and is the groundwork on which the mediation rests.
him--rather, "His person [face] only" (see on
Job 22:30).
The "person," must be first accepted, before God can accept his offering and work
(Ge 4:4);
that can be only through Jesus Christ.
folly--impiety
(Job 1:22; 2:10).
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9. 约伯饶恕的心预示了耶稣基督与基督徒对仇敌的爱（太5:44；路23:34；徒7:60；16:24、28、30、31）。
英文原文
9. The forgiving spirit of Job foreshadows the love of Jesus Christ and of Christians to enemies
(Mt 5:44; Lu 23:34; Ac 7:60; 16:24, 28, 30, 31).
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10. 转回……被掳（turned . . . captivity）——谚语，意为复兴，或为约伯所失一切予以丰厚的补偿（结16:53；诗14:7；何6:11）。如此，人——身体与灵魂——将来对撒但（伯1:9-12）的得胜，即在复活之时（伯19:25-27），其凭据与预表早已显于耶和华亲自在末了为约伯所作的今世辩明之中。
加倍（twice）——对受苦的、字面与属灵的耶路撒冷也是如此（赛40:2；60:7；61:7；亚9:12）。正如约伯的事例，耶稣基督的事也是如此——荣耀的报偿紧随为仇敌的“代求”而来（赛53:12）。
英文原文
10. turned . . . captivity--proverbial for restored, or amply indemnified him for all he had lost
(Eze 16:53; Ps 14:7; Ho 6:11).
Thus the future vindication of man, body and soul, against Satan
(Job 1:9-12),
at the resurrection
(Job 19:25-27),
has its earnest and adumbration in the temporal vindication of Job at last by Jehovah in person.
twice--so to the afflicted literal and spiritual Jerusalem
(Isa 40:2; 60:7; 61:7; Zec 9:12).
As in Job's case, so in that of Jesus Christ, the glorious recompense follows the "intercession" for enemies
(Isa 53:12).
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11. 约伯在苦难中所抱怨的，是他的“弟兄”与他“生疏”（伯19:13）；如今他的兴旺恢复，他们也随之回来（箴14:20；19:6、7）；真正的朋友时时相爱（箴17:17；18:24）。“燕子般的友人在冬天离去，在春天归来”[亨利（HENRY）]。
吃饼（eat bread）——友谊的记号（诗41:9）。
一块银子（piece of money）——在东方，探访一位显贵时送礼是常事，尤其是在灾难之后（代下32:23）。希伯来文 kesita。马吉（MAGEE）译作“一只羊羔”（当时使用货币之前的交换媒介），如创33:19；书24:32的边注。但它源自阿拉伯文 kasat，“称出来”[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]，非铸币；故创42:35；33:19与创23:15比较，使它可能等于四舍客勒；希伯来文 kashat，“纯”，即纯金属。用此词代替惯用的“舍客勒”等，是古老的标记。
耳环（earring）——无论戴于鼻或耳（创35:4；赛3:21）。东方因无银行，大部分黄金以饰物的形式存在。
英文原文
11. It was Job's complaint in his misery that his "brethren," were "estranged" from him
(Job 19:13);
these now return with the return of his prosperity
(Pr 14:20; 19:6, 7);
the true friend loveth at all times
(Pr 17:17; 18:24).
"Swallow friends leave in the winter and return with the spring" [HENRY].
eat bread--in token of friendship
(Ps 41:9).
piece of money--Presents are usual in visiting a man of rank in the East, especially after a calamity
(2Ch 32:23).
Hebrew, kesita. MAGEE translates "a lamb" (the medium of exchange then before money was used), as it is in Margin of
Ge 33:19; Jos 24:32.
But it is from the Arabic kasat, "weighed out" [UMBREIT], not coined; so
Ge 42:35; 33:19;
compare with
Ge 23:15,
makes it likely it was equal to four shekels; Hebrew kashat, "pure," namely, metal. The term, instead of the usual "shekel," &c., is a mark of antiquity.
earring--whether for the nose or ear
(Ge 35:4; Isa 3:21).
Much of the gold in the East, in the absence of banks, is in the shape of ornaments.
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12. 大概是逐渐恢复,而非一蹴而就。
英文原文
12. Probably by degrees, not all at once.
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13. 数目与先前相同,
Job 1:2;
也许是出于续娶之妻;在
Job 19:17
中他的妻子最后一次被提及。
英文原文
13. The same number as before,
Job 1:2;
perhaps by a second wife; in
Job 19:17
his wife is last mentioned.
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14. 名字表明他复兴的兴旺\n (Ge 4:25; 5:29)。
耶米玛——“日光”,在他灾祸的“黑夜”之后;但 MAURER 作“鸽子”。
基洗亚——“桂皮”,一种芳香之草\n (Ps 45:8),
取代他难闻的口气与溃疡。
基连哈朴——“颜料之角”,女子用来染眼睑的颜料;与他“角在尘土中染污”\n (Job 16:15)
成对比。
这些名字也暗示他女儿们的美貌。
英文原文
14. Names significant of his restored prosperity
(Ge 4:25; 5:29).
Jemima--"daylight," after his "night" of calamity; but MAURER, "a dove."
Kezia--"cassia," an aromatic herb
(Ps 45:8),
instead of his offensive breath and ulcers.
Keren-happuch--"horn of stibium," a paint with which females dyed their eyelids; in contrast to his "horn defiled in the dust"
(Job 16:15).
The names also imply the beauty of his daughters.
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15. inheritance among . . . brethren——在东方,女儿得产业是罕有的恩宠;按犹太律法,女儿只在无子时才得产业\n (Nu 27:8),
这乃是财富与同心合意的证据。
英文原文
15. inheritance among . . . brethren--An unusual favor in the East to daughters, who, in the Jewish law, only inherited, if there were no sons
(Nu 27:8),
a proof of wealth and unanimity.
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16. 七十士译本记约伯在遭难后又活了一百七十岁,共二百四十岁。这样他在遭难时为七十岁,加上希伯来文经文的一百四十,共二百一十岁;略多于他拉(亚伯拉罕之父,或许与他同时代)的年日(二百零五岁)。人的寿数逐渐缩短,直到摩西时代达到七十岁\n (Ps 90:10)。
sons' sons——蒙神赐福的凭据\n (Ge 50:23; Ps 128:6; Pr 17:6)。
英文原文
16. The Septuagint makes Job live a hundred seventy years after his calamity, and two hundred forty in all. This would make him seventy at the time of his calamity, which added to a hundred forty in Hebrew text makes up two hundred ten; a little more than the age (two hundred five) of Terah, father of Abraham, perhaps his contemporary. Man's length of life gradually shortened, till it reached threescore and ten in Moses' time
(Ps 90:10).
sons' sons--a proof of divine favor
(Ge 50:23; Ps 128:6; Pr 17:6).
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17. full of days——完全饱足且满足于生命所能给他的一切幸福;实现了以利法所描绘为虔敬者之分的\n (Job 5:26; Ps 91:16; Ge 25:8; 35:29)。
七十士译本加上:“据说他必与主所兴起的人一同复活。”参\n Mt 27:52, 53,
或许为伪托之加添。
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罗伯特·贾米森、A. R. 福塞特、大卫·布朗
《圣经批判与解释注释全书》(1871)
增补、订误与见解请寄编者
英文原文
17. full of days--fully sated and contented with all the happiness that life could give him; realizing what Eliphaz had painted as the lot of the godly
(Job 5:26; Ps 91:16; Ge 25:8; 35:29).
The Septuagint adds, "It is written, that he will rise again with those whom the Lord will raise up." Compare
Mt 27:52, 53,
from which it perhaps was derived spuriously.
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
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伯42:1-6。
约伯悔改的回答