1
1 Samuel 30:1
英文原文
On the third day - This indicates that Aphek was three days' march from Ziklag, say about 50 miles, which agrees very well with the probable situation of Aphek (1 Samuel 4:1 note). From Ziklag to Shunem would not be less than 80 or 90 miles.
The Amalekites, in retaliation of David's raids 1 Samuel 27:8-9, invaded "the south" of Judah Joshua 15:21; but owing to the absence of all the men with David there was no resistance, and consequently the women and children were carried off as prey, and uninjured.
7
1 Samuel 30:7
自從亞比亞他在基伊拉投奔大衛以來（1 Samuel 23:6），他就一直與大衛同住。關於用以弗得求問耶和華，見 Judges 1:1 註釋。那些答覆顯然是藉着大祭司口中的耶和華的話賜下的（比較 John 11:51）。
英文原文
Abiathar had continued to abide with David, ever since he joined him at Keilah 1 Samuel 23:6. On inquiry of the Lord by the ephod, see Judges 1:1 note. The answers were evidently given by the Word of the Lord in the mouth of the high priest (compare John 11:51).
9
1 Samuel 30:9
「比梭」——被認為是舍里亞乾河（Wady Sheriah）的水流，在迦薩以南不遠處注入大海。
英文原文
Besor - Thought to be the stream of the Wady Sheriah which enters the sea a little south of Gaza.
12
1 Samuel 30:12
「三日三夜」——這表明自洗革拉被劫掠以來，至少已經過了這麼長的時間。
英文原文
Three days and three nights - Indicating that at least so long a time had elapsed since the sack of Ziklag.
14
1 Samuel 30:14
「基利提人」——此處與非利士人同義（1 Samuel 30:16）。在大衛作王時，比拿雅統領的護衛隊由基利提人和比利提人（非利士人？）組成，此外還有迦特人以太率領、出身迦特的六百人精銳部隊。由此看來，基利提人與非利士人是兩個血緣相近、彼此結盟的部族，正如盎格魯人與撒克遜人，一同佔據了巴勒斯坦的沿海地帶。非利士人較為強盛，便把自己的名字加於那地和整個民族之上，但基利提人的名字並未完全消失。許多人把基利提人這名稱與革哩底島的名字聯繫起來。
英文原文
The Cherethites - Here used as synonymous with Philistines 1 Samuel 30:16. In David's reign the body-guard commanded by Benaiah consisted of Cherethites and Pelethites (Philistines?) and a picked corps of six hundred men of Gath commanded by Ittai the Gittite. It would seem from this that the Cherethites and Philistines were two kindred and associated tribes, like Angles and Saxons, who took possession of the seacoast of Palestine. The Philistines, being the more powerful, gave their name to the country and the nation in general, though that of the Cherethites was not wholly extinguished. Many persons connect the name Cherethite with that of the island of Crete.
20
1 Samuel 30:20
其意思是：「大衛奪取了亞瑪力人在那次擄獲牲畜以先所趕的一切牛羊」（即他們原已擁有的，「那次擄獲」是指他們南下劫掠所得的），「眾人便說：這是大衛的掠物」。這是他作為這隊人馬的首領當得的份（比較 Judges 8:24-26）。營中其餘一切的擄物——兵器、飾物、珠寶、錢財、衣服、駱駝、裝備等——都分給了這支小軍隊。大衛為自己選擇牛羊，動機是要把禮物送給他在猶大的朋友們（1 Samuel 30:26-31）。
英文原文
The meaning is, "and David took all the sheep and oxen which the Amalekites drove" (i. e. had in their possession) "before that acquisition of cattle" (namely, before what they took in their raid to the south), "and they" (the people) "said, This is David's spoil." This was his share as captain of the band (compare Judges 8:24-26). All the other plunder of the camp - arms, ornaments, jewels, money, clothes, camels, accoutrements, and so on - was divided among the little army. David's motive in choosing the sheep and oxen for himself was to make presents to his friends in Judah 1 Samuel 30:26-31.
27
1 Samuel 30:27
「伯特利」——即彼土利（1 Chronicles 4:30），位於極南之地，靠近別是巴、何珥瑪和洗革拉；或即比土力（Joshua 19:4），西緬人諸城之一。
「南地拉末」——更確切地說是「南地的拉末」（1 Samuel 27:10；1 Samuel 30:1、1 Samuel 30:14），如此稱呼是為與基列拉末區別；它是西緬人諸城之一（Joshua 19:8）。管理大衛葡萄園的拉瑪人示每（1 Chronicles 27:27）顯然就是這拉瑪的人。見下文 1 Samuel 30:28。
「雅提珥」——在猶大「山地」之內，是祭司諸城之一，被認定即希伯崙以南十英里的 'Attir。
英文原文
Bethel - i. e. Bethuel 1 Chronicles 4:30, quite in the south near Beer-sheba, Hormah, and Ziklag; or Bethul Joshua 19:4, one of the cities of the Simeonites.
South Ramoth - Rather, "Ramoth of the South country" 1 Samuel 27:10; 1 Samuel 30:1, 1 Samuel 30:14, so-called to distinguish it from Ramoth-Gilead, one of the Simeonite cities Joshua 19:8. Shimei, the Ramathite 1 Chronicles 27:27, who was over David's vineyards, was evidently a native of this Ramath. See below 1 Samuel 30:28.
Jattir - "In the mountains" of Judah, and one of the priests' cities, is identified with 'Attir, ten miles south of Hebron.
28
1 Samuel 30:28
「亞羅珥」——不是亞嫩河旁的亞羅珥，而是（倘若經文無誤）猶大境內的一座城，別處未再提及。
息末、拉甲（1 Samuel 30:29）和亞撻（1 Samuel 30:30）均不詳，別處也未提及；但管理大衛酒庫的洗法人撒底（1 Chronicles 27:27）顯然是頭一個地方的本地人。在權勢鼎盛之時，大衛所任用擔當重任的人當中，竟有這麼多來自他早年困難時期結識朋友的那些無名小邑——這既是大衛知恩圖報、不忘早年情誼的動人明證，也是一個有趣的無意之吻合的實例。基綠的兒子以斯利、拉瑪人示每、洗法人撒底，以及以拉、加立、以太、希斯羅和許多其他人，大概都屬於他年輕時的這些朋友。
英文原文
Aroer - Not Aroer on the Arnon, but (if rightly written) some town in Judah, not elsewhere named.
Siphmoth, Rachal 1 Samuel 30:29, and Athach 1 Samuel 30:30, are unknown and not elsewhere mentioned; but Zabdi the Shiphmite 1 Chronicles 27:27, who was over David's wine-cellars, was evidently a native of the first-named place. It is a remarkable proof of the grateful nature of David, and of his fidelity to his early friendships, as well as a curious instance of undesigned coincidence, that we find among those employed by David in offices of trust in the height of his power so many inhabitants of those obscure places where he found friends in the days of his early difficulties. Ezri the son of Chelub, Shimei the Ramathite, and Zabdi the Shiphmite, as well as Ira and Gareb, and Ittai, and Hezrai, and many others, were probably among these friends of his youth.
30
1 Samuel 30:30
「歌拉珊」——或即亞珊（Joshua 15:42），位於猶大的高原地帶，為西緬人所居，也是祭司諸城之一（1 Chronicles 4:32；1 Chronicles 6:59）。
英文原文
Chor-ashan - Perhaps the same as Ashan Joshua 15:42, in the Shephelah of Judah, inhabited by Simeonites, and one of the priests' cities 1 Chronicles 4:32; 1 Chronicles 6:59.
31
1 Samuel 30:31
「希伯崙」——即今日的 El-Khulil（見 Genesis 23:2）。希伯崙是一座逃城（Joshua 20:7），也是哥轄子孫的城邑之一（Joshua 21:11）。它位於耶路撒冷以南二十英里。
英文原文
Hebron - Now El-Khulil (see Genesis 23:2). Hebron was a city of refuge Joshua 20:7, and one of the cities of the Kohathites Joshua 21:11. It lies twenty miles south of Jerusalem.
「第三日」——這表明亞弗距洗革拉有三天的行程，約五十哩，與亞弗可能的位置（見 1 Samuel 4:1 註釋）十分吻合。從洗革拉到書念，則不會少於八十或九十哩。
亞瑪力人為報復大衛的襲擊（1 Samuel 27:8-9），侵入猶大的「南地」（Joshua 15:21）；但因男人全都隨大衛外出，無人抵抗，於是婦女孩子被擄為掠物，卻未受傷害。